Zomwe alimi akufunikira lero, pafupifupi mlimi aliyense amadziwa. Pofuna kukonza nthaka, alimi amapeza zipangizo zosiyanasiyana za ulimi - kufesa, kuthirira, kukolola ndi zipangizo zothandizira nthaka. Njira yomaliza ndiyo njira yowonjezera yowonjezera mbewu zonse, chifukwa nthaka imakhala ikukumba nthawi zambiri, kuipitsa, kumasula, kupuma, ndi zina zotero.
Ngati dzikolo ndi laling'ono, alimi amene angapereke malo abwino kwambiri komanso alimi apamwamba adzakhalira othandizira pazinthu izi. Monga momwe kulili kovuta kusankha wosamalira dzanja kuti apereke pakati pa zosiyanasiyana pa msika, wamaluwa odziwa bwino amayandikira kugula ndi chisamaliro chapadera. Chosankhacho chimadalira pa cholinga chanji, malo omwe nthawi zonse ntchito yogwiritsira ntchito imakonzedweratu. M'munsimu muli zitsanzo za alimi omwe alipo kale omwe akuwunika mphamvu zawo ndi zofooka zawo mwachangu.
Kodi alimi angapange chiyani ku dacha?
Pa malo ang'onoang'ono kapena malo ovuta kufika, mwachitsanzo, pakati pa mitengo, kumene makina akuluakulu sapita, alimi ang'onoang'ono omwe amagwira dzanja angathandize. Ichi ndi mtundu wogula komanso wosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zaulimi zomwe aliyense angathe kuzigwira. Mlimi wamalonda amatha kuchita pafupifupi ntchito zonse zolima. Kudula, kumasula nthaka, kuchotsa namsongole, kusakaniza feteleza pansi, kukumba mabowo a maluwa ndi kubzala mbewu, kubzala nthaka kuzungulira mitengo ndi zomwe zimapangitsa mlimi kukhala nawo pa chiwembu. Alimi opanga manja ali otchuka kwambiri pakati pa alimi azimayi: izi ndi njira yabwino yoperekera minda yamaluwa, minda yamaluwa, mabedi, maluwa, etc.
Kufotokozera ndi zithunzi za alimi opanga manja
Olima kulima nthaka ndizo mitundu iwiri: rotary ndi rippers.
Rotary (nyenyezi)
Mlimi wa nyenyezi (rotary, disc) ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yotulutsira dothi lofewa. Zimapangidwa ndi kapangidwe kake komwe ma diski ndi nyenyezi zofanana ndi nyenyezi zimayikidwa. Chiwerengero cha zida zotere zimadalira kukula kwa mlimi. Mlimi wa nyenyezi amaikidwa pamtunda wautali, wokhazikika pansi pa kukula kwake, kuti asagwe pansi pamene akulima. Ndizosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito: imayikidwa pamtunda pansi, mu malo omwe mabalawo amakhala pakati pa mizere, ndipo kugwirana kwapadera kuli pamwamba pa bedi. Pothandizidwa ndi khama, wolimayo amayamba. 
Chifukwa cha nyenyezi zosaoneka bwino, chidachi chimagwera m'nthaka, chimachigwira, chichikweza ndi kuchikweza. Choncho, panthawi yomweyi chida chimamasula nthaka, kudula ndi kumera namsongole. Mlimi wa nyenyezi ndi woyenera makamaka kupereka: ndi bwino kutsuka mbatata, kudula nkhaka, ndikumasula nthaka pa udzu ndi mabedi. Ngakhale kuganizira kuti munthu ayenera kuyesetsa kuyendetsa kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe kake, kayendedwe ka gawoli kali mofulumira komanso mwakuthupi kusiyana ndi kukumba ndi fosholo.
Mlimi wa nyenyezi ali ndi vuto limodzi lalikulu - kutheka kuswa dothi la dongo ndikunyamula bwino nthaka yolemetsa, yovuta.
Chotsitsa chazu
Chotsitsa mizu - mtundu wina wa alimi a m'munda. Cholinga chachikulu cha mlimi chimakhala ndi mano owongolera, omwe amatsogoleredwa mosiyana, ndipo amatha kuwongolera. Mukamasula, imatha kudula pansi (mpaka 20 cm), pamene sichiwononga minda.
Kusavuta kugwira ntchito: Kuti mugwiritse ntchito chida, muyenera kuchiyika pamtunda, mano mu nthaka, kusindikiza pang'ono ndi kutembenuza mphuno nthawi yomweyo. Wowalima adzapita pansi, chifukwa cha kupweteka kwa mano akuthwa, adzatenga mtanda wa dziko lapansi ndipo nthawi yomweyo adzadula mizu ya udzu, kuti athe kuichotsa mosavuta. Choncho, zimangokhala kugwedeza chidacho pansi ndikuponyera namsongole. Ndikofunika kuti pogwiritsira ntchito mizu yochotsa mizu, mawonekedwe a dothi sagwedezeka, monga momwe zilili ndi fosholo yakumba. Mlimi samalosera zowonjezera nthaka, kusunga zinyama ndi zothandiza. Chidachi chingathe kuthana ndi nthaka yofewa komanso yomwe siinachitirepo.
Pali zovuta za mlimi wamtundu uwu. Kuchotsa mizu ya m'buku sikuyenera kukhala koyenera kwa anthu omwe ali ndi manja ofooka, chifukwa kuti agwiritse ntchito, nkofunika kugwiritsa ntchito molondola mphamvu ya manja. Mwachitsanzo, kuti tipeze dothi lolimba, nkofunika kuti tilimbikire kwambiri pa chogwiritsira ntchito.
Mukudziwa? Wakulima wamanja wakupatsani inu akhoza kuchita nokha. Kuti muchite izi, mudzafunika mafoloko, mapulasitiki a pulasitiki kuti mugwirane ndi phula la pulasitiki. Kuti apange chogwirira ntchito, pulasitiki ya pulasitiki iyenera kudulidwa mosamala, kenako ikani mphepete mwadulidwe kumbali ndikuiika pa pulasitiki ya pulasitiki kuti ikhale yothandizira. Ndi bwino kuyendetsa chitoliro bwino ndikuyendetsa phokoso lomwe silinasunthe panthawi ya ntchito. Kenaka, pogwiritsa ntchito nyundo, muyenera kugoba mafoloko kuti afane ndi nkhumba, poyerekeza ndi chithunzi cha alimi oyambirira kuti abwererenso mano. Pambuyo pake, ikani bubuli ndi chogwiritsira ntchito pa mafoloko otayika - ndipo chida chiri chokonzeka.
Wolima-wolima
Wokonza mbewuyo ndi ndodo yachitsulo (mano atatu kapena asanu) opangidwa ndi zitsulo zopangidwa ndizitsulo zomwe zimapangidwira kuchotsa namsongole ndi kudula mpaka kumtunda. Kuchokera pamwamba pa chidacho chiri ndi makina ofanana ndi arc. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito bukuli, muyenera kumangirira bwino ndi kuchepetsa mlimi kuti mano adzuke mu nthaka. Kenaka tembenuzani chingwe mozungulira ndikukoka izo kwa inu. Choncho, kumasulidwa kwa nthaka ndi kudula namsongole kumachitika, komwe kuli koyenera kukonzekera kukonzekera.
Zowonjezereka za bukuli ndiloti ngati ligwiritsidwa ntchito, katundu pa msana amamasulidwa ndipo amagawidwa mofanana ndi minofu, mikono ndi mmbuyo. Kuperewera kwa chida ndiko kuti ndi koyenera makamaka kumadera ang'onoang'ono okhala ndi namsongole. Ngati namsongole akukula mwakuya, ndiye kuti chithandizo choperekedwa ndi munthu wodzala dzanja sizingatheke, chifukwa chidzafuna zinthu zina zakuthupi ndi kubwereza zochita. Palinso chiopsezo chowononga ku mizu ya mbewu.
Ndikofunikira! Mukamagwira ntchito ndi munthu wodzitetezera, muyenera kutetezedwa kuti muteteze miyendo ndi mano owopsa. Pa ntchito, onetsetsani kuvala nsapato zotsekedwa, zamphamvu. Pambuyo pogwiritsa ntchito chida, gawo lakuthwa liyenera kuikidwa m'manda kapena nthaka.
Potato Maker
Mlengi aliyense wa mbatata amadziwa zomwe mbatata-alimi amawonekera, chifukwa uwu ndi wothandizira woyamba pokolola. Ngati mukumba mbatata ndi fosholo, simungathe kutopa mwamsanga, komanso mutenge mtolo wambiri. Pano, kanyumba kanyumba kameneka kamathandiza phala labwino la mbatata. Mapangidwe ake ndi mafoloko oyendayenda: ndodo yowonongeka yachitsulo, chogwiritsira ntchito ndi lakuthwa mano opangira zitsulo kuchokera pansi. Mankhwalawa ndi othandiza chifukwa angathe kusintha kukula kwa kukula. Kugwiritsira ntchito mbatata wokumba mbatata ndi wosavuta. Muyenera kukhazikitsa ndodo pansi pafupi ndi chitsamba cha mbatata ndi nsonga. Kenaka tembenuzani chingwecho kuzungulira mbali yake, kukulitsa mano pansi pa chitsamba cha mbatata.
Pitirizani kusintha, muyenera kuchotsa chidacho. Mwa njirayi, mafoloko a ntchitoyi adzalandira nawo tubers ndi kuwanyamulira pamwamba. Ubwino waukulu wa chipangizochi ndikuti ndi chithandizo chomwe mungathe kukolola mofulumira, popanda kufunika kugwada ndi kutsekera m'mbuyo. Kuwonjezera apo, mosiyana ndi fosholo, kukumba sikuwononga zipatso, kuzigwira izo kumbali ndi pansi. Potato digger ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pofuna kumasula, pokonzekera nthaka yobzala. Chosavuta cha chipangizo ichi ndi chakuti chimatulutsa imodzi kapena ziwiri timers panthawi, chifukwa chake kubwereza kwa njira zofanana ndi chitsamba n'zotheka.
Mlimi wamphika
Zomera zomwe zimakula muzitsamba zazing'ono, zitsulo ndi miphika, palinso alangizi apadera olemba. Izi ndi zofanana ndi alimi kumunda, kusiyana kokha pakati pawo - kukula pang'ono ndi zochepa. Ndi chithandizo chawo, mukhoza kupanga mabowo oti mubzalitse bulbous, kumasula nthaka kuzungulira maluwa ndi kumenyana namsongole m'mabotolo aang'ono. Alimi ang'onoang'ono omwe amapanga zomera zam'madzi ndiwo ndiwo oyenera kwambiri, othandiza komanso ogwiritsira ntchito ndalama zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, popeza kusungidwa kwa chidebe chomera ndi chomera sikukusowa khama.
Ubwino ndi kuipa kwa mlimi wamalonda
Kulima kuli makamaka, kugwira ntchito mwakhama, choncho mwayi wosatsutsika wa alimi a dacha ndi kuchepetsa kuyesayesa komwe kumayenera kupangidwa polima ndi kubzala. Komanso pakati ubwino Zida zam'mundazi zingathe kusiyanitsa zotsatirazi:
- Kugwiritsa ntchito bwino: njira yokhayo yogwiritsira ntchito ndiyo kupumula pansi ndikukankhira njira yoyenera;
- palibe chofunikira chokonzekera (mafuta, kuyatsa);
- Kudula namsongole mwaluso: alimi samagwiritsa ntchito mizere pakati pa mizere, monga ena odziletsa okha;
- mwayi wokonza malo osakhwimitsa komanso ovuta kufika pa malo (mabedi, maluwa, mapiri a alpine, madera pakati pa mitengo ndi tchire);
- kupezeka kwa mtengo.
osagwiritsidwa ntchito panopa pamaso pa anthu ena odzipangira okha;- kufunika kokonzanso ma diski mu alimi opanga rotary;
- zokolola zochepa - zoyenera pa ntchito zochepa, madera ang'onoang'ono;
- kufunika kogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu;
- Kutsika bwino kwa nthaka ya namwali ndi nthaka yolimba.
osagwiritsidwa ntchito panopa pamaso pa anthu ena odzipangira okha;Ndikofunikira! Mukamagwiritsa ntchito alangizi othandizira, muyenera kusamala, samalani ndi kuwerengera mphamvu yachitsulo pamagwiritsidwe. Zogwirira ntchito ndi njira za alimi omwe sangakwanitse kulumikiza sungasinthidwe ndi kuya kwake. Choncho, zonsezi zimadalira mphamvu ya thupi. Mukamapanikizika molimbika, alimi akhoza kupita pansi kwambiri ndikuwononga mizu ya mbewu zomwe anabzala. Ndipo, mosiyana, ndi mphamvu yosakwanira, sizidzatheka kudutsa dothi lolimba kapena kudula mizu ya udzu.
