Tomato a chikasu, omwe m'nyanja ya Mediterranean yotchedwa "maapulo a golide" amadziwika bwino ndi dzina lawo lachilendo.
Zipatso zoyera, zokoma kwambiri zimatha kusonyeza kukoma kwake kwa chikhalidwe cha phwetekere osati mosiyana ndi oimira ofiira ofiira.
Chofunika ndi chakuti tomato wachikasu amagwirizana bwino ndi zakudya za chifuwa, pamene sichimayambitsa zoipa.
Ndi tomato kuti antioxidant ngati lycopene imakhala mu mawonekedwe abwino kwambiri kwa thupi la munthu kuposa tomato wofiira.
Kuwonjezera pamenepo, thupi la zipatso za chikasu lili ndi carotene komanso organic acids, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mtundu umenewu ukhale wotchuka kwambiri.
Sungani "chimphona cha mandimu"
Nthawi yakucha ya zosiyanasiyana izi ndi masiku 120. Tsamba lokhazikika, lifike ku 1, 5 mamita pamwamba pachisanu ndi chiwiri - tsamba lachisanu ndi chinayi burashi yoyamba iyamba kupanga. Zina zonse zidzasintha mapepala awiri - 3.
Zipatso ndi zazikulu kwambiri wolemera makilogalamu 0.9 Zowonongeka pansi ndi kuzikweza pamwamba, zimakonda zokoma. Mnofu ndi mnofu kwambiri, madzi ake ali pafupi.
Mu burashiyo amapangidwa pafupifupi 3 yaikulu ndi 2 ya tomato yaying'ono. Zipatso zokha zimakhala zachikasu - lalanje, pafupi mtundu wa persimmon.
Zokololazo ndizapamwamba ndipo zili pafupi makilogalamu asanu pa mbeu. Matatowa amapanga saladi wokoma kwambiri. Iwo ali bwino mu mawonekedwe a zamzitini, komanso amapita kukonza madzi ndi masukisi.
Nthawi zambiri zimayambira kumayambiriro kwa March mpaka kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa April. N'zotheka kubzala mmera mbande masiku osachepera 50.
Nthaŵi yabwino yoponyera idzakhala kuyambira theka la mwezi wa May mpaka theka la June. Pa unit unit akhoza kuikidwa osaposa 4 mbande. Kusamalira mbande wamba.
Zing'onozing'ono zidzakhazikika mu nthaka iliyonse. Ngati nyengo ya mderalo ili yosakhazikika, ndiye bwino kubisala mitengo yaching'ono mpaka nyengo isanafike, kapena tchire sichikhala cholimba.
Kutsogolera tchire izi sizingakhale mu 1, koma pa 2 kuthawa. Garter ndi pinching ndizofunikira. Muyeneranso kudya nthawi zonse ndi zovuta zosiyanasiyana fetereza.
Nthawi zonse processing ofhes Njira zothetsera fungicides zidzathandiza kuti zomera zisadwale matenda osiyanasiyana, monga kuchepetsa kupweteka, fodya, etc. Zambiri, kusamalira zitsamba mu sukuluyi sizosiyana kwambiri ndi chisamaliro cha mitundu yambiri ya phwetekere.
Ndizosangalatsa kuwerenga za mitundu ya tomato yotseguka pansi.
Zosiyanasiyana "Persimmon"
Chotsatira cha ntchito ya ochita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi ya sing'anga oyambirira, kuyambira mphukira yoyamba mpaka kukolola koyamba masiku 115-125 amatha.
Tchire ndizomwe zimadziwika, zamphamvu, ndi masamba ambiri, zimakula kufika mamita 1 m'mwamba ndipo zimakhala ndi mamita 1.5 mu wowonjezera kutentha. Zitsambazi zimalimbikitsidwa kuti zikule mu malo obiriwira, koma imakhalanso mizu pamsewu. Masamba ndi aakulu, obiriwira.
Zipatso ndizozungulira, zochepa zokha kuchokera pamwamba, koma zazikulu (misa ya zipatso zoyamba ifika pa makilogalamu 0,3, ena onse sapindula kuposa 150 g). Nthaŵi zina tomato otere amakula, kulemera kwake kumadutsa 0,6 makilogalamu.
Mtundu wa peel ndi zamkati ndi lalanje, pamwamba, pafupi ndi tsinde, malo obiriwira amawonekera. Tomato amadya zokoma, pali mbewu yaying'ono m'masamba, komanso madzi. Imodzi mwa zovuta za zosiyanasiyanazi ndi kusintha kwambiri kukoma kwa chipatso pa kucha. Pankhaniyi, zamkati zimakhala zatsopano.
Komanso, chipatsocho chimakhala ndi mbola yovuta yomwe imapangitsanso kukoma kwake. Koma tomato ameneŵa amatha kulekerera kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe kake. Musati muwonongeke mukasungidwa mu mdima, malo ozizira.
Kawirikawiri zokolola ndi 3.5 makilogalamu kuchokera ku chomera chimodzi. Matatowa ali ndi otsika kwambiri a zidulo zakuthengo ndi zambiri za carotene, kotero iwo akhoza kuonedwa kuti ndi zakudya zamtheradi. Amapanga saladi abwino, tomato ndi oyenera kusunga.
Ndi bwino kubzala mbewu kuyambira kumapeto kwa March mpaka kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa April. Payenera kukhala kusankha ndi kusamalira bwino mbewu. Kuwombera kumatha kupangidwa kuyambira pakati pa May kupita ku wowonjezera kutentha, ndipo kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa June kupita kumalo otseguka. Chida chodzala chokha - 50x40-40 masentimita. Pachilumba cha pulozad, simungathe kuika mbande zitatu.
Ndikofunika kuti nthawi zonse muzitha kuyendayenda kuti tsinde pansi ndilo lokha Chifukwa cha kutalika kwake kwa chomera, nkofunikanso kumangiriza kuti pakhale kakulidwe ka tchire, komanso payekha - kukolola.
Pamene udzu wothira, ndibwino kuchotsa masamba, omwe amapanga mthunzi wa chipatso. Apo ayi, dzuwa silidzagwa pa tomato, ndipo silidzapsa. Kuchiza ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi feteleza zimakhala zofunikira. Kuthirira kumafunika nthawi yake komanso popanda kusokonezeka.
Kalasi "Königsberg Golden"
Anayambidwa ndi obereketsa amwenye a ku Siberia. Zimatengedwa kuti zimayambira mosiyana siyana, zimayamba kubala chipatso pambuyo pa masiku 105 mpaka 110 pambuyo pa mphukira zoyamba.
Oyenera nthaka, komanso greenhouses, koma akukula bwino mu nyengo yotentha. Zitsamba zowonjezereka, kukula mpaka 2 mamita mu msinkhu. Akuwombera mwamphamvu kwambiri wopita pakati. Inflorescences amapangidwa pambuyo pa tsamba limodzi. Mu brush umapanga mpaka 6 tomato.
Zipatso ndi zazikulu, zodzipangira, golide-chikasu mu mtundu, wokoma mu kukoma. Nthaŵi zina pamakhala kukoma pang'ono kwa apulo mu tomato. Dzina lachiwiri la tomato ndi "apurikoti a Siberia". Ndipo anamutcha iye monga choncho chifukwa Matenda otchuka a beta-carotene mu zamkati, kupanga zipatso izi zothandiza kwambiri.
Kulima kuli pamwamba, kuchokera ku chitsamba chimodzi n'zotheka kusonkhanitsa zitsamba 2 - 3 za tomato. Zosiyanasiyanazi zatsimikiziritsa zokha komanso zamzitini.
Zomera zamakalata ziyenera kubala kumapeto kwa March - kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa April. Iyenera kukwera m'masiku 10 - 12.
Zosankha ziyenera kuchitika pambuyo pa maonekedwe awiri. Rassad adzapindula ndi kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa anthu osiyanasiyana opititsa patsogolo.
Monga zitsamba za mbande ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito peat makapu, omwe tchire amafunika kuikidwa. Kuti mbande ikhale mizu, mbande ziyenera kukhala zaka 60 mpaka 65 zisanadze mutabzala.
Zomera zowonjezera kutentha zimakhala zochepa. Pakuti mbande za mtundu uwu zimadziwika ndi kutambasula mapesi a mbande, ndipo masamba amakula ngati otsika, pafupifupi kufanana ndi tsinde. Choncho, mukamabzala mbande, ndi bwino kukhazikitsa osati mozungulira, koma pambali kuti mizu yotsatira ikhale mofulumira pambali pa tsinde. 3 mbande pa 1 sq.m. adzakhala okwanira.
Chisamaliro chapadera, izi sizitanthauza. Mbewu zimangobzala nthawi zonse, madzi, kulima nthaka pansi pawo, komanso kuchotsa namsongole.
Mitengo ili pamwamba, kotero iwo ayenera kumangirizidwa. Ndondomekoyi ndi yabwino kwambiri pakatha masabata awiri kapena atatu mutatha kuika mbande pansi. Mukamapindikiza, mukhoza kusiya mphukira imodzi kuti mupange chitsamba mumitengo iwiri. Katundu wamba pa chitsamba sichidzakhala maburashi 8.
Gawo la "Amber Cup"
Gulu la Sredneranny, limapindula patatha masiku 105 mpaka 110 mutatha mphukira. Zokwanira malo obiriwira, ndi malo otseguka. Zitsamba zowonjezereka, zifike kutalika kwa 1.7 mamita. Burashiyo imapangidwa ndi zipatso zinayi kapena zisanu.
Tomato ndi ovunda, ndi khungu lofewa, mnofu wambiri, masekeli 85-125 g. Masamba a tomatowa ali ndi carotene wambiri komanso mankhwala owuma, okoma kwambiri, ndi madzi ambiri.
Matendawa samapweteketsa paulendo, ndipo amatha kusunga maonekedwe awo ndi kukoma kwa miyezi iwiri mutatha kukolola.
Mitengo ndi zipatso mwakachetechete kupirira kutenthakomanso samakhudzidwa ndi kachilombo ka fodya, verticillus ndi fusarium. Yogwiritsidwa ntchito mwangwiro yogwiritsidwa ntchito mu mawonekedwe opaka ndi kusungidwa.
Mbendera zamakono ziyenera kumachita masiku 60 mpaka makumi asanu ndi awiri asanakwane. Zovomerezeka zimasankhidwa pa maonekedwe a tsamba limodzi kapena awiri. Chiwembu - mbeu 3 - 4 pa 1 sq. M.
Kusamalira mbande ziyenera kumakhala ndi madzi okwanira nthawi zonse, komanso nthawi ya umuna.
Zosiyanasiyana ndizodzichepetsa. Mitengo ikhale yokwanira nthawi zonse, kuchotsedwa kwa mbali, koma imodzi, kuti mutenge chitsamba chokhala ndi zimayambira ziwiri, kuchotsa namsongole, mulching, kudyetsa, komanso garter. Mafelemu onse ndi zochuluka za zosamalidwa zimakhala zofanana ndi miyezo.
Zosiyanasiyana "Peach"
Anayambidwa ndi obereketsa ku China. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi ya sing'anga kumayambiriro, kuyambira nthawi yoyika mbewu ku mbewu yoyamba, pafupifupi masiku 110-111 amadutsa.
Mitengo idzayamba mizu yonse yotentha komanso yotseguka. Mitengo yokha imadziwika, imatha kufika mamita 1 mu msinkhu.
Poyang'ana pang'onopang'ono zingaoneke ngati mbewu yonse ikufa, monga tsinde, masamba, ndipo ngakhale chipatso chidzagwa pansi. Koma izi ndizosiyana siyana, musadandaule.
Zipatso zimakhala zachikasu, zimatha kupanga bulauni zofiira kumbali, zowonongeka ngati mapichesi omwe ali ndi tsitsi. Zipatso zoyamba, monga nthawi zonse, ndizovuta kwambiri (mpaka 150 g), ndipo zimachepetsedwa mpaka 100 g. Kukoma ndi kokongola, kokoma. Mukhoza kudya komanso mwatsopano, komanso zamzitini.
Muyenera kuyamba ndi mbande. Kufesa nthawi zonse - kumapeto kwa February kapena kumayambiriro kwa March. Kusindikiza kutsegula nthaka itatha kumapeto kwa chisanu. Mu wowonjezera kutentha akhoza kuikidwa pamaso. Kusamalira mbande.
Onetsetsani kuti mukukonzekera kudya mobwerezabwereza kwa mbande, kuti apindule musanayambe prikopayut. Sikofunika lolani mbande zichoke
Onetsetsani kuti mukukwera tchire, mwinamwake zipatso sizikhala ndi nthawi yoti zipse. Muyenera kupanga zomera mu tsinde limodzi. Ndifunikanso zitsamba zamatabwa kuti zikhale zosavuta kuphimba dothi ndi kuchotsa namsongole.
Kuphatikizira kumakhala ndi ntchito yofunika kwambiri, monga chipatso chikhoza kumira pansi. Ndipo akakhudza pansi, akhoza kuyamba kuvunda, choncho zidzakhala zabwino, makamaka zipse, makamaka pa udzu.
Sungani "Ma Spas Honey"
Akuyang'ana mitundu ya pakati pa nyengo. Ikhoza kukhala wamkulu mu malo ogulitsira zomera ndi malo otseguka. Ali ndi nthawi yakubala masiku 110 - 115. Zitsamba zowonjezereka, pamtunda wafika mamita 1.2, ndipo mu wowonjezera kutentha - 1.7 m.
Zipatso ndi zazikulu komanso zazikulu kwambiri, zina zimatha kulemera makilogalamu imodzi. Maonekedwe a tomato amafanana ndi mtima. Mtundu wa chipatsocho ndi wokongola, wokongola-wachikasu, kukoma kukoma, ndi zokoma zokometsera.
Mtundu wa phwetekere ankawona zakudya abwino kwa anthu omwe amatsutsana ndi tomato wofiira. Tomato amatha kudyetsedwa mwatsopano, monga m'machitini kapena zowonongeka sizidzakhala zabwino kwambiri. Tomato sangawonongeke, komanso sichidzakhudzidwa ndi vuto lochedwa.
Zokololazo ndi zapamwamba ndipo pafupifupi 4 - 5 makilogalamu pa mbeu.
Kufesa mbande bwino kumachitika kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa March, masiku 50 mpaka 60 isanayambe kubzala. Kutentha kwa mbande kumera kuyenera kukhala wamkulu kuposa 23 ° C. Kusamalira mbande zoyenera.
Kubweretsa mbande bwino kumachitika mkatikati mwa mwezi wa April, ngakhale kuti mukhoza kukula tchire mu wowonjezera kutentha. Pambuyo posamba, ndikofunika kuyendetsa pothandizira pafupi ndi chitsamba chilichonse kuti zithandize kukula kwa chitsamba. Pa mita imodzi mita akhoza kubzalidwa osaposa 3 mbande.
Kusamalira zomera kumakhala wamba. Ndi bwino kupanga tchire mu mapesi awiri ndi atatu kuti mupeze zokolola zambiri. Chifukwa cha kutalika kokongola kwa tchire ayenera kumangirizidwa ku chithandizo.
Nthaŵi zonse feteleza ndi zovuta zosiyanasiyana za feteleza zimapindulitsa zomera kuti mbeu ikhale yoposa zonse zomwe zimayembekezera. Kukaniza kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana kwa phytophthora sikulepheretsa matenda, choncho, m'pofunika kuti nthawi zonse muzichitira zomera ndi mankhwala.
Mudzatha kukula tomato okongola, omwe amawathandiza kwambiri. Gwiritsani ntchito pang'onopang'ono pa sitepe, kukolola, ndipo thupi lanu lidzakuyankhani ndi kuyamikira zamasamba zatsopano komanso zakuda.
