Gaylardia ndi chomera cha banja la Astrov. Malo omwe duwa ili limakhala Amereka. Kuthengo, kumera ku Mexico ndi kumwera kwa United States. Wopatsidwa dzina la Gaillard de Charenton, wothandizirana kwambiri ndi anthu omwe adakhala m'zaka za zana la chisanu ndi zitatu ndipo adathandiza kwambiri pakukula kwa botany.
Chomera ichi ndi chizindikiro cha Oklahoma. Imakula m'malo otseguka ndipo nthawi yamaluwa imadulira minda m'mitundu yowala kwambiri.
Kufotokozera kwa Gaillardia
Pangani mitundu yonse ya chaka ndi chaka. Kunja, maluwawa amafanana ndi chamomile kapena gerbera. Kutalika kumafika masentimita 60. Ma inflorescence ndi akulu, matalala, makatani otentha.
Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakupanga mawonekedwe muminda ndi minda yanyumba.
Mitundu ndi mitundu ya gaillardia osatha ndi pachaka: zophulika ndi zina
Mitundu yonse yamuyaya komanso yapachaka komanso mitundu ya gaillardia ndiyodziwika:
| Mitundu | Kufotokozera | Zosiyanasiyana | Kufotokozera |
| Zokongola | Pachaka Chomera chokongoletsera m'munda chokhala ndi mtundu umodzi kapena ma inflorescence a mitundu iwiri - ofiira m'munsi ndi chikasu kumapeto kwa petal. | Fiyilo yofiyira | Maluwa ang'ono ndi ofiira ofiira. |
| Lorenza | Ma inflorescence ndi akulu, okhala ndi ma petals ambiri. Pali mitundu yachikasu ndi yachikasu. | ||
| Picta utoto | Inflorescence yofiyira kapena iwiri, yayikulu, yopingasa, yokhala ndi petals yambiri. | ||
| Chikokole | Zomera zopindika zachikasu inflorescence, zofanana ndi zam'mbuyomu. | ||
| Zofikiridwa | Kufikira sentimita 70 kutalika, ndi maluwa ofiira. Ndi osowa. | ||
| Zachilendo | Osatha ndi wandiweyani wowongoka zimayambira, elongated kapena chowulungika masamba. Maluwa a bango, mithunzi yotentha. Maluwa amayamba kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe. | Mandarin lalanje | Mitundu yamaluwa ndi maluwa owala owala ngati lalanje. |
| Flral Flame | Maluwa ofiira okhala ndi malire owonda achikasu. | ||
| Dazzer | Mitundu iwiri ya bango. | ||
| Zophatikiza | Zotsatira zakusakanikirana ndi mitundu ina. Kutengera mitundu, palinso onse okwera (mpaka 80 cm) komanso otsika. | Primavera | Zomera zochepa, zopanda mitengo zokhala ndi mitengo yambiri pamtengo umodzi. |
| Arizona San | Zosalala zimakhala ndi nthawi yayitali maluwa. | ||
| Sonne | Kutalika kwa tsinde mpaka masentimita 50-60, inflorescence okhala ndi ma tubular ndi bango amapezeka. |
Kulimidwa kwa Gailardia kuchokera kumbewu yoti mubzale
Kukula kuchokera ku mbewu kumachitika m'njira ziwiri: mbande kapena kufesa mwachindunji m'nthaka.
Njira yoyamba imagawidwa m'magawo awiri: kukonza mbande ndikubzala mbande mu nthaka.
Kufesa mbewu za mbande
Kubala kumachitika kumapeto kwa February kapena koyambirira kwa Marichi. Mbewu sizinaikidwe, koma imafalikira panthaka ndikusiyidwa m'chipinda chowala kwambiri kutentha.
Chidebe chokhala ndi mbande chimayikidwa m'malo otetezedwa ndi dzuwa. Madzi owerengeka ndi madzi ochepa pakufunika.
Gailardia amapatsa mphukira yoyamba kwa masabata awiri mutabzala.
Kusamalira Mbewu
Pambuyo pa kumera mbande, chidebe chokhala ndi mbande chimasunthira kumalo ozizira m'chipindacho kapena chobiriwira. Zikumera zimalekanitsidwa wina ndi mnzake ndikuziika muzinthu zazing'ono zikaonekera tsamba lachitatu.
Zomera zazing'ono zimathirira madzi ngati gawo loyera. Mphukira ziyenera kukhala pazowunikira kwa maola osachepera 14 patsiku - muyenera kuyika nyali kuti mupange kuyatsa koyenera. Chinyezi mchipinda chokhala ndi mphukira ziyenera kusungidwa mosamala.
Kubzala Gailardia poyera
Kubzala gailardia sikubweretsa zovuta zambiri, koma muyenera kutsatira malingaliro ang'onoang'ono okhudzana ndi nthawi yakubwezeretsa, malo ndi nthaka.
Nthawi yayitali
Nthambi zolimbikitsidwa zimabzalidwa pansi kumapeto kwa chilimwe kapena Seputembala. Ndikabzala bwino, mbande zimakhala ndi nthawi mizu isanayambike chisanu ndikupereka masamba asanu ndi atatu mpaka khumi. Zomera zidzaphukira nyengo yamasika.
Mukabzala maluwa nthawi yomweyo, popanda kumera mbande, ndiye kuti nthawi yoyenera kufesa ndi kutha kwa masika. Mbewu zobzalidwa m'mabedi osaya, ndipo zikamera zikakulirakulira ndikupereka tsamba lachitatu, amazikhira pabedi lamaluwa.
Malamulo Ochotsa
Madera opepuka ndi dothi louma ndioyenera mbewu. Maluwa samazika mizu m'nthaka, amakhala ndi chinyezi. Nthaka musanabzale mbande umachulukitsidwa ndi mchere wothira mchere. Kuzungulira kwa thunthu kuyenera kukhala kotsika - osapitilira 40 magalamu pa madzi okwanira 1 litre. Komanso dothi limaphatikizidwa ndi phulusa. Mtunda pakati pa mbande uzikhala wosachepera 20 cm.
Mawonekedwe akusamalira gaillardia
Kusamalira mbewuzi sikovuta.
Malangizo Osamalira
Kuti mupeze inflorescence yoyenera, tsatirani malamulo osavuta:
- Zopangira feteleza zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kudyetsa gailardia.
- Nthaka imachulukitsidwa katatu pakunyengo: kumayambiriro kwa maluwa, pakati pa chilimwe ndipo mbewu itatha.
- Kawirikawiri kumasula ndikumasulira bedi lamaluwa. Amathiriridwa ndimadzi ochepa ndipo nthawi yokhayo yotentha komanso youma, nthaka ikauma.
- Maphunziro akulu osatha amafunika garter.
Mavalidwe apamwamba
Ma mineral complex monga Kemira station wagon amagwiritsidwa ntchito podyetsa mbewu. Manyowa ndi humus amathanso kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati feteleza.
Lamulo lalikulu ndikuti feteleza sayenera kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa nthaka. Kugwiritsa ntchito manyowa kungapangitse kukula kwa matenda ndi kufa kwa mbewu.
Gaillardia pambuyo maluwa
Gailardia limamasula mpaka kumapeto kwa Seputembara. Mu Okutobala, mbewu zitha kupezeka kuchokera ku ma peduncle osachotsedwa.
Momwe angatolere nthanga za gailardia komanso nthawi yanji
Kutola mbewu, maluwa ofota m'chilimwe amamangiriridwa ndi ndende yolimba - izi zimalepheretsa kugwa kwa mbewu m'nthaka. Pansi pa yopyapyala, inflorescence imatsalira mpaka chiyambi cha yophukira, kenako imakololedwa. Nthaka yomwe idagwa pansi mwachilengedwe imathanso kuthawa ndikumayambiriro kwa masika, kotero kuti wamaluwa ambiri samatembenuza zokolola zam'manja.
Njira yofalitsira gaillardia siyodziwika. Zomera zomwe zimamera mwanjira imeneyi zimasiyana ndi mayi ndipo sizingakwaniritse mitundu ya zinthu zosiyanasiyana. Kuti asunge mawonekedwe a inflorescence, mitundu yosatha imabzalidwa pogwiritsa ntchito chitsamba.
Perennial gailardia m'nyengo yozizira
M'chaka choyamba isanayambike chisanu, maluwa amatenga pansi. Kenako amaphimbidwa ndi masamba owuma masamba, singano kapena zina zachilengedwe.
M'tsogolo, kukonzekera nyengo yachisanu sikutanthauza njira zowonjezera - maluwa nthawi yachisanu bwino, kulekerera kuzizira mosavuta. Pogona padzafunika pokhapokha nthawi yozizira, yopanda chipale chofewa.
Kufalitsa kwa Gaillardia
Mitundu yachikale imafalitsidwa ndi njira yamtchire. Chitsamba cholimba komanso chathanzi, chomwe chimakula pamalo amodzi kwa zaka zisanu, chimakumbidwa ndikugawidwa magawo awiri kapena atatu. Iliyonse ya njirazi imayenera kukhala yolimba, ndipo masamba amphamvu, amatha kuzika mizu m'munda watsopano. Gawoli limachitika kumapeto kwa nyengo, pomwe mbewuyo itatha. Zigawo zonse zimabzalidwa pamabedi atsopano a maluwa.
Njira yakuberekera ndiyothekanso. Mizu yayikulu ya chomera chathanzi imadulidwa nkukhala mainchesi 5, kenako ndikumadzalidwa mu wowonjezera kutentha.
Gailardia tizirombo ndi matenda
Choyambitsa chachikulu cha matenda ndi boma losayenera kuthilira komanso nthaka yonyowa kwambiri. Masamba a maluwa amenewa amatha kupezeka ndi matenda monga:
- imvi zowola;
- dzimbiri
- ufa wowonda;
- zotupa zakuda.
Matenda ofanana amayambitsidwa ndi bowa. Mu magawo oyambilira, mmera umatha kuchiritsidwa mothandizidwa ndi fungicides (Fundazole, Skor). Ngati malo a lesion ndi akulu, tikulimbikitsidwa kukumba ndi kuwotcha duwa kuti muchepetse kufalikira kwa bowa paliponse pogona maluwa. Pofuna kupewa, maluwa athanzi amathandizidwa ndi njira ya potaziyamu permanganate.
Tizilombo tina tomwe timawonongeka nthawi zambiri ndi nsabwe za m'masamba ndi zovala zoyera. Motsutsana nawo, chithandizo chamabedi az maluwa okhala ndi tizirombo (Aktara, Actellik) chingathandize.
