Brovallia ndi chomera m'banjali. Malo ogawa - Colombia, mitundu yaokha ikupezeka kumwera komanso pakati pa America.
Kufotokozera kwa Browllia
Duwa lamkati limamera kuchokera 40 mpaka 70 cm, mphukira zamtundu wa pubescent. Masamba ndi lanceolate. Maluwa amangokhala okha, akunja amafanana ndi nyenyezi, mtundu - woyera, wabuluu, wofiirira.
Zipatso ndi makapisozi okhala ndi nthangala zakuda zomwe zimatulutsa masamba.
Mitundu yotchuka ndi mitundu ya brovallia
Muzipinda mutha kukula mitundu yambiri ndi mitundu ya browllium:
| Onani | Kufotokozera | Zosiyanasiyana | Maluwa Maluwa |
| Zokongola | Compub ya herbaceous shrub, m'chilengedwe imakula mpaka 70 cm, ndikulima kwakunyumba - 40 cm. Akuwombera afupiafupi, osati pubescent. Kutalika kwa masamba ndi 4-6 masentimita, akhakula, mawonekedwe ndi obovate, pali malekezero osongoka. | Mabelu oyera, Mabelu a Jingle, Mabelu a Blue, Blue Troll. | Bluish-violet, pakati - yoyera. Kuyambira pakati pa chilimwe mpaka chisanu. |
| Mafuta (Amereka) | Ikukula mpaka 70 cm, mphukira ndiosavuta kapena kumva. Masamba ake ndi otambalala, pang'ono pang'ono, pafupifupi 5 cm. | Sapezeka. | Sinthani mawonekedwe amtima. Mtundu - buluu-violet, lilac, oyera. Danga la corolla ndi 1-1.5 cm.Julayi - Novembala. |
| Wosakhazikika | Imafika pamasentimita 25. | Safira. | Ang'ono, safiro wabuluu. Novembala - February. |
Browllia amasamalira kunyumba
Mukamachoka ku browllia kunyumba, muyenera kuyang'ana nyengo ya chaka:
| Choyimira | Chilimwe cha masika | Kugwa nthawi yachisanu |
| Malo / Kuwala | Amayikidwa kumbali yakumadzulo kapena kum'mawa kwa nyumbayo, ndikofunikira kuti pazithunzi pazenera lakumwera. M'chilimwe, mutha kupita ku loggia yotseguka kapena kumunda. Yabwino, yabalalika. | Chowala, kwa maola angapo amaloledwa kuchoka pakuwala. Chitani zowunikira ndi phytolamp. |
| Kutentha | + 18 ... +25 ° С. | + 16 ... +20 ° С. |
| Chinyezi | Mulingo - 60-70%. Miphika imayikidwa pallet yodzaza ndi timiyala tothira, peat ndi moss. Tsiku lililonse muzichita kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi madzi firiji (madontho sayenera kugwa masamba). | Gawo lake ndi 55-60%. Spray kamodzi pa sabata. Poto imayikidwa kutali ndi zida zamagetsi. |
| Kuthirira | Kamodzi tsiku lililonse 2-3. Osaloleza kuyanika kwathunthu kwa dothi kapena madzi akumwa. Madziwo amakhala ofewa komanso otentha. | Kamodzi masiku 7 aliwonse. |
| Mavalidwe apamwamba | Kamodzi masiku 14, feteleza wa mchere amagwiritsidwa ntchito. | |
Zambiri za kukula kwa browllia kunyumba komanso poyera
Mukakulitsa browllium m'nyumba, nthaka yapadziko lonse iyenera kusankhidwa. Mutha kudzipangitsanso gawo lanu, chifukwa izi, zotsatirazi ndizosakanikirana chimodzimodzi.
- turf ndi tsamba lapansi;
- mchenga.
Mukadzala panja, chomera chimaletsedwa kubzala m'nthaka yonyowa kwambiri kapena yopatsa thanzi. Izi ndichifukwa choti m'malo mophuka maluwa, kukula kwazomera kumawonedwa. Njira yabwino ndiyo munda wamaluwa wokhala ndi ngalande zabwino komanso chonde chokwanira.
Mukabzala maluwa m'mundamo, mbande zimafunika kubzalidwe patali 30-30 cm kuchokera kwa wina ndi mnzake, izi zimapanga malire osatha. Ngati mukufuna kusiyanitsa pang'ono pakati pa zitsamba, kusiyana pakati pawo kuyenera kuchitika pa 40-45 cm.
Kulima mbewu
Akakula bulowllium kuchokera ku njere, amatsatira algorithm inayake:
- Kubzala masheya kumasungidwa kwa masiku awiri mchipinda chofunda chifukwa chotupa (nsaluyo imanyowetsedwa kale pamalo okuthandizira ndikukula ndipo njere zimayikidwamo), kenako ndikuyanika ndikukhala otulutsa.
- Kukula kwabwino kumawonedwa pansi pa kanema. Munthawi imeneyi, sikofunikira kuti mwatsegulanso mbewu kuti mukhale ndi kutentha komanso chinyezi.
- Wowonongerayo masamba amayendetsedwa kawiri pa sabata.
- Pambuyo zikamera mbande (patatha milungu ingapo) chitani kutsitsa pang'ono poto.
- Masamba 3-4 akapangidwa, mbewuyo imakwiriridwa mumiphika iwiri ya zidutswa 2-3 (pankhani ya kulima kwa ampel) kapena imodzi panthawi (yokonza m'munda kapena chipinda).
- Mbewu zikamakula, kutsina timitengo pamwamba pa tsamba 5 ndi 6, izi zithandizira kuchulukitsa chitsamba.
Pakati pa Meyi, mbande zimasinthidwa ndikukhala mphika wokhazikika.
Kufalikira ndi kudula
Ubwino wakufalitsa motere ndikuti zodulidwa zitha kudulidwa nthawi yonse yazomera. Nthawi zambiri amatenga zimayambira zomwe zilibe masamba. Gwiritsani ntchito gawo kumtunda kwa thunthu, chifukwa ndikosavuta kuzika mizu.
Zotsatira zake zimamasulidwa ku masamba ochulukirapo ndikuyika m'manda m'nthaka ndi masentimita 2-3. Kenako amathandizidwa ndi Kornevin kapena zina zothandizira kukula. Ngati palibe mankhwala omwe mungagwiritse ntchito kuti muthandizire kuzika kwa browlia, ndiye kuti mutha kuphika nokha. Chifukwa cha izi, mphukira zazingwe zazing'ono ndizoyenera. Amaphwanyidwa kukhala timitengo pafupifupi 5cm ndikuwakhazikika mumtsuko wamadzi, chinthucho chimatsimikiziridwa kwa tsiku limodzi. Panjira yothetsera, zodulidwa zimayikidwa kwa maola 6-12.
Monga gawo loyambira mizu, sankhani dothi lamchenga. Kugwiritsa ntchito pensulo, m'nthakayi kumapangitsa kuti masentimita atatu azikhala pang'ono, ndikuti mkati mwomwe maluwawo amakayikidwako. Kudula sikuyenera kukhudzana.
Kuti tisunge chinyontho, chidebecho chimakutidwa ndi pulasitiki. Mukazika mizu, njirazi zimayikidwa m'nthaka kuti zikhale nzika zachikulire ndipo kutsina kumachitika kuti nthambi zibwezere bwino.
Browllia amasamalira zolakwa zawo, matenda ndi tizirombo
Mukukula, browllium imatha kuthana ndi tizirombo ndi matenda, omwe nthawi zambiri amathandizidwa ndi zolakwika posamalira:
| Kuwonetsera | Chifukwa | Njira zoyesera |
| Kuwala masamba. | Kutentha kwambiri, chinyezi chochepa, kuthirira osowa. | Chomera chimasunthidwa kuchipinda chomwe kutentha kwa +20 ° C Utsi tsiku ndi tsiku ndikuwonjezera chinyezi. Sinthani pafupipafupi kuthirira, dziko lapansi siliyenera kuwuma kwathunthu. |
| Kuchepetsa ndi kutambasula kwa mphukira, kutulutsa masamba. | Kuwala koyipa. | Duwa limapereka kuyatsa kowoneka bwino. M'nyengo yozizira, chitani zowunikira zowonjezera ndi nyali za fluorescent kapena nyali za LED. |
| Mawonekedwe achikasu pa masamba. | Kuwotcha. | Browllia amachotsedwa pawindo. Manyazi masana. |
| Kupanda maluwa. | Kusamalira bwino. | Amasunthidwa kumalo opepuka kwambiri, kudula lisanayambike kukula, kudyetsedwa ndi feteleza okhala ndi phosphorous ndi potaziyamu. Zomera zosungika nthawi yake zimachotsedwa. |
| Mapangidwe oyera phula pamtengo ndi masamba. Kufuna kwa madera okhudzidwa. | Powdery Mildew | Chotsani maluwa ndi masamba omwe anakhudzidwa. Kuchita ndi Topaz kapena ayodini njira. |
| Kutha kwa mbewu pamtunda ndi dothi lonyowa. | Zovunda. | Chomera chimachotsedwa mumphika ndikuwunika mizu mosamala. Ngati ambiri a nthambizo ndi otanuka komanso oyera, ndiye kuti chithandizo ndichotheka. Dziko lonse lapansi limatsukidwa pansi pa kampopi, madera okhudzidwawo amadulidwa ndi mpeni. Chotsani masamba owoneka ndi masamba. Brovallya amamuika mu chidebe chatsopano ndikuthandizidwa ndi Fitosporin. Amayikidwa pamalo otentha komanso owala. Chomera sichithiriridwa mpaka mphukira yatsopano ikayamba kupanga. |
| Malo amdima amavunda pansi pa thunthu ndi masamba. | Tsinde zowola. | Pendani mizu, ngati ili ndi thanzi, ndipo tsinde silikhudzidwa pafupi ndi nthaka yomwe, ndiye kuti imadulidwa. Wodulayo amathandizidwa ndi sulufule kapena makala. Gawo la mbewu yomwe yatsala mumphika imapakidwa mankhwalawa ndi choko chilichonse komanso chokutira ndi thumba. Ngati chotupa ndichofunika, ndiye kuti duwa limaponyedwa kutali, ndipo oyandikana nawo amathandizidwa ndi fungicides. |
| Masamba otumbululuka amasanduka otuwa komanso achikaso. | Chlorosis | Anawaza ndi kuthirira ndi Iron Chelate ndi Ferrovit mpaka pakapangidwa masamba atsopano. Ikani mu dothi latsopano. |
| Tsamba loyera loyera limawonekera pamasamba. | Spider mite. | Amathandizidwa ndi mankhwala opha tizilombo monga Actellic kapena Derris. |
| Masamba ofota, kumbali yawo yamkati pali mphutsi zobiriwira. | Zovala zoyera | Nthaka imathiriridwa ndi yankho la Aktar, njirayi imachitika nthawi zosachepera katatu, nthawi yomwe imakhala sabata. Chomera chija chathiridwa ndi Confidor, chidakutidwa ndi thumba ndikusiyidwa m'bomalo usiku wonse. Kufufuza kumachitika mumsewu, chifukwa mankhwalawo ali ndi fungo linalake. |
| Kukula koperewera, masamba aulesi ngakhale mutathirira. Pali masamba oyera oyera ofanana ndi ubweya wa thonje. | Mealybug. | Chomera chimasiyanitsidwa ndi anansi. Zida zam'mimba zimachotsa kuchotsa tizilombo. Pukuta ndikusamba ndi sopo wothira sopo. Ngati kugonjetsedwa kwambiri, kuchitira ndi Actara kapena Actellik. |
Brovallia imayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi tizilombo komanso matenda, chifukwa chake mawonekedwe ake sayenera kupewedwa. Kuti muchite izi, kuthirira pang'ono kumachitika pokhapokha pogwiritsa ntchito madzi osakhazikika komanso osakhazikika, ndikupukutira ndikuyika mpweya m'chipindacho, ndikupanga zinthu zopangira michere munthawi yake.
