Chomera chobiriwira nthawi zonse kuchokera ku banja la a Pertsov - peperomia - chimamva bwino m'minda yomwe mulibe zipatso, komanso pazenera. Greenery yowala bwino imasiyanitsa bwino ndi mbewu zamaluwa, zomwe zimayamikiridwa ndi alimi a maluwa.
Peperomia stupidis ndi kumusamalira kunyumba
Peperomia idatchedwa dzina la mawonekedwe a tsamba. Masamba ofupikirapo komanso amtundu wokhala ndi lingaliro lozungulira. M'maluwa amkati, mitundu yotsatirayi idagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri:
- Alba - tsamba limakhala ndi mtundu wobiriwira wowonekera;
- Variegata - zowoneka ngati kirimu zimawaza masamba mwachisawawa;
- Albomarginata - pepalali lili ndi imvi yobiriwira ndipo m'malire mwa siliva m'mphepete.
Akuluakulu peperomia
Pazonse, mitundu yoposa 1100 imadziwika. Amasiyana mosiyanasiyana kukula ndi mtundu wamasamba. Pafupifupi, kutalika kwa tchire akuluakulu kumayambira 15-50 cm.
Zambiri! Pali magawano amitundu yayikulu ndi chitsamba. Kutalika kwa misempha yamphamvu kumafikira theka la mita, ndipo zipsera zamtchire - 30 cm zokha.
Variegate Peperomia
Mitundu itatu yamtunduwu wa peperomia, yopangidwa kokha mwa kuswana, imadziwika:
- blunt - Obtusifolia Variegata;
- Magnolivorous - Magnoliaefolia Variegata;
- kilabhu - Сlusiifolia Variegata.
Onse ali ndi masamba osiyanasiyana okhala ndi masamba owonda pang'ono kuposa mitundu ina, ndipo mawonekedwe ake amakhala amdima pakati penipeni ndipo opepuka kummbali. Mwosamalidwa, mitundu ya variegate ilibe zinthu zomwe zimawasiyanitsa ndi ena. Ndikotheka kubzala mumphika umodzi ndi zakudya zina, makamaka iwo omwe amakonda kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa.
Maluwa peperomia
Chomera chachikulire pomwe nthawi ya chilimwe chimayamba kuponya mitengo yambiri momwe mungathere. Samayimira kukongoletsa ndipo samununkhiza. Kunja, amawoneka ngati masamba osalala opanda masamba amtundu wopepuka kuposa masamba.
Kufalikira Peperomia
Kusiya miyendo yonse sikulimbikitsidwa. Eni ake ambiri amakonda kuwaswa onse. Chowonadi ndi chakuti chitsamba chimatha kuyeserera kwamaluwa ambiri kuwononga masamba, ndipo mwina kufota.
Tcherani khutu! Mbewu sizimamangidwa nthawi zonse.
Kusamalira Panyumba
Ndi kusamalira moyenera, duwa limakula msanga. Zomera zomwe zimagwidwa kwambiri zimapezeka nthawi yotentha, ndipo nthawi yozizira peperomia imayamba kuzizira, ndipo imathiriridwa kawiri kawiri pamwezi. Atayikidwa kum'mawa, kum'mwera ndi kumadzulo kwa mawindo, monga amakonda kuwala kowala. Komabe, sizoyenera kuyika mphika pafupi ndi galasiyo, chifukwa kuwala komwe kumawonekera kapena komwe kamwazikana ndikofunikira. Ndikofunika kuyika maluwawo kumbuyo kwa oyandikana nawo, monga momwe zimakhalira pazachilengedwe. Ku South America, peperomia ndi yosavuta kupeza m'nkhalango yotentha komanso yotentha, koma yamthunzi.
Kusamalira pambuyo kugula
Mukamasankha chomera, muyenera kulabadira mawonekedwe ake. Wathanzi sakhala ndi mawanga amdima pa mphukira ndi masamba, ndipo masamba okha ndiwowoneka bwino, otanuka ndi matte pang'ono kapena glossy. Lethargy, ngati zigamba zowuma, ndi chizindikiro cha kuwonongeka kwa matenda kapena chisamaliro chosayenera. Ndikothekanso kuti zoterezi sizikhala ndi moyo. Nthawi yabwino kugula ndi masika.
Peperomia anosgata
Popeza maluwa amagulitsidwa mumapoto azonyamula okha m'masitolo, muyenera kuthamangitsa kunyumba. Kuti muchite izi, sankhani mphika watsopano, mudzaze ndi dothi latsopano, ndipo chitsamba chomwe chiikidwa kale chija chimasungidwa masiku angapo kutali ndi mbewu zina zakunyumba kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito popewa matenda. Ngati palibe zizindikiro zowopsa, ndiye kuti mlendoyo amakhazikitsidwa kuti azikhalapobe ndikuyamba kumusamalira.
Kukonzekera: Kusankha kwa mphika wa maluwa ndi kukonzekera dothi
Mphika watsopano uyenera kukhala wokulirapo masentimita 3-4 kuposa wam'mbuyomu, ndipo utali wotalika 1-2 zokha. Mizu ya duwa imafalikira kwambiri kuposa kupyola. Koma simuyenera kumamupatsa malo ochulukirapo, popeza pali kuthekera kwakukulu kozungulira kwa mizu. Nthaka zakale ndizotayidwa bwino. Pachifukwa ichi, chomera chimachotsedwa mu chosungira, chimamizidwa mchidebe chamadzi kuti dothi lonyowa ndikusambitsidwa.
Peperomia amakonda nthaka yabwino komanso yopanda chonde. Itha kugulidwa, kuyang'ana mayina ake "" othandizira "kapena" okongoletsera opatsa chidwi ". Koma mutha kupanga dothi nokha. Kuti muchite izi, tengani magawo awiri a humus yabwino ndikuwonjezerapo gawo limodzi lamchenga wamtsinje ndi peat.
Zofunika! Chizindikiro cha kumuyika wotsatira chidzakhala nsonga ya msana yomwe imawoneka kuchokera kubowo lomwe lili pansi pa mphika.
Kutentha ndi chinyezi
Maonekedwe okongoletsa a peperomia amasungidwa pa kutentha ndi chinyezi kwambiri. Mu nthawi yophukira, nthawi yophukira komanso yotentha, muyenera kutentha kutentha kwa 20-25 ° C. M'nyengo yozizira, kutsika mpaka 16 ° C ndikololedwa. Ngati chitsamba ndi chotentha kwambiri kapena chozizira, amakudziwitsani ndikuponya masamba.
Chinyezi chikuyenera kukhala pamwamba pa 60%. Mu mpweya wouma kwambiri, masamba amathothomoka ndipo amawuma pamalangizo, omwe amachepetsa kwambiri mawonekedwe onse. Ndiye chifukwa chake pakutentha kapena nthawi yotentha yotentha, pafupi ndi mphikawo, muyenera kukhazikitsa chidebe chotseguka ndi madzi oyera.
Kuthirira ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa peperomia
Peperomia ndimakonda chinyontho, koma salekerera kuthilira kwamadzi nthaka. Amathiriridwa pafupipafupi mpaka katatu pa sabata m'chilimwe, kupewa kuthilira kwa dothi lakumtunda. Chidwi chachikulu chimaperekedwa pamaso pa pansi pa mphika wachotsekera wokuta ndi zotseguka zambiri kukhetsa madzi ochulukirapo. Kuthirira kumwa madzi owiritsa firiji.
Peperomia albomarginata
Kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi njira yabwino kwambiri. Imachitika m'mawa uliwonse, kuyesera kuti madzi abweretse masamba onse. Chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake, masamba amatha kutsukidwa mosavuta motere, popeza fumbi lokhala ndi madontho onyowa limangoyenderera mitsempha ndi mphukira.
Njira zofala zoberekera
Kugulitsa, simungapeze mbewu. Zofesedwa panthaka, zothiriridwa ndi madzi ndikufundidwa ndi filimu kapena galasi yowoneka bwino. Ngati mbewu ndi yatsopano, ndiye kuti mbande zitha kuwonekera pakatha masabata awiri. Nthawi yabwino yofesa ndi Epulo.
Koma ndikosavuta kupeza chitsamba kuchokera pa mpeni. Kuti muchite izi, tengani nthambi yatsopano yokhala ndi masamba 3-4 ndikutsamira pomwepo mumphika wokhala ndi dothi lonyowa, ndikukulira ndi masentimita 2-3. Mtsogolo, nthaka nthawi zonse imanyowa.
Tcherani khutu! Zimatenga osaposa masabata 1-2 kuti muzu udzu.
Nthawi zina, masamba amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pofalitsa. Tsamba lokhala ndi petiole, lodulidwa bwino lomwe, ndiloyenera. Imasiyidwa kuti iwume kwa maola awiri, kenako ndikukhazikika pansi. Pamfundo zolimbikitsa kuphimba ndi mtsuko wagalasi. Mazu oterewa amayamba pang'onopang'ono, koma nthawi zambiri samatenga milungu itatu. Zotsatira zosakwaniritsidwa zimatha kuwoneka nthawi yomweyo - pepalalo lidzongolira.
Gome: Matenda ndi tizirombo toyambitsa matenda a peperomy
| Mutu | Kuwonetsera | Njira zolimbana |
| Zambiri mizu ndi khosi mizu | Mizu ndi yoyamba kukhudzidwa, ndikutsatira masamba. Chitsamba chimazirala mwachangu, khosi mizu imakhala madzi, mizu imakhala yakuda. | Poyambirira, ziwalo zonse zowonongeka zimadulidwa, chomera chonse chokhala ndi mizu choviikidwa mu yankho la fungicide Turnch 62.5 WG ndikubzala m'nthaka yatsopano. |
| Kutalika kwa viral | Magawo onse a peperomia ndi ocheperako kuposa abwinobwino komanso opunduka. | Ayi. |
| Spider mite | Angapo mabowo ndi mawanga owuma pamasamba. | Acaricidal mankhwala ndi imeneyi masabata awiri mpaka zabwino. Nisoran, Apollo ndi oyenera. |
| Zopatsa | Zowoneka ndi diso lamaliseche - laling'ono (mpaka 2 mm kutalika) tizilombo zakuda pamasamba omwe amakhala omata, atembenuka chikasu ndikuuma. | Kuthira kawiri ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo: okhota, fitoverm, mospilan, karate. |
| Mealybug | Chikwangwani choyera ndi chofiyira, chowoneka ngati chouma chimapezeka pamasamba. | Kawiri ndi pakadutsa milungu iwiri, mankhwalawa atizilombo toyambitsa matenda a phytoverm, Actar. |
| Nematode | Mizu ndiyo yoyamba kuvutika, yomwe imayamba kukula kenako nkufa. Amasinthidwa ndi owonda komanso owopsa. | Kuchiza ndi nematophagin ndi BI-58 kumathandiza. |
Zofunika! Ngati tizilombo toyambitsa matenda sadziwika, ndiye kuti tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tichite mankhwalawa pansi ndi aphidol. Imafafaniza pa mphukira ndi masamba, ndikutsukidwa ndikatha theka la ola. Pambuyo masiku 5, mankhwalawa amabwerezedwanso. Pazonse, adzafunika osakwana asanu.
Peperomia: Kukula
Tchire zokulira amafunika kudulira. Njirayi imalimbikitsidwa kuti ichitike m'chaka, koma ngati kuli kotheka, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito miyezi ya chilimwe kapena yophukira. Fupikitsani mphukira, ndikufalikira kutalika kwa 30 cm. Siyani gawo ndi masamba 3-4, ndikudula zotsalazo ndi lumo kapena scateurs.
Pakapita kanthawi, impso zimayamba kudulidwa, pomwe mphukira zake zimamera. Ngati mukufuna kusilira chitsamba chokongola kwazaka zambiri, ndiye kuti muyenera kuyang'ana kwambiri kudulira.
Peperomia Obtusifolia (Obtusifolia)
Mtundu wamba wa peperomia wonenepa uli ndi malire achikasu m'mphepete. Masamba ndi chonyezimira chifukwa cha phula womata paphaka pawo. Umboni wofotokozedwa, uli ndi mawonekedwe ofunda. Maluwa ndi ofanana ndi mitundu ina yonse - nondescript, spiky.
Peperomia etiusifolia
Mphukirazo zimakhazikika poyamba, kenako nkugwada pansi polemera. Chochita chokongoletsera chachikulu chimapezeka pakupachika wobzala pakhoma kapena potsegulira zenera, kulola nthambi kuti zimire pansi. Ndimakonda kwambiri mchenga wopanda tsankho ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa tsiku lililonse ndi madzi otentha owiritsa.
Kwa oyamba kumene, zomwe zili ndi peperomia ndizovuta chabe chifukwa sizilola kunyalanyazidwa. M'mawa uliwonse ndikofunikira kuyang'ana chinyezi ndikuchita kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa. Koma amadyera owala bwino ndi omwe adzalandire mphotho yabwino kwambiri yotsatiridwa tsiku lililonse.
