Aubrieta ndi chomera chamera chochokera ku banja la Kabichi. Dziko lakwawo ndi Southern Europe, Latin America ndi Asia Little. Aubrieta imatha kupezeka pafupi ndi mitsinje ndi miyala. Chomera chobiriwira choterochi nthawi zonse chimakhala chamaluwa chamaluwa chambiri, chomwe chimaphimba bedi lachithunzicho. Kumeta chisamaliro kumafunikira pang'ono koma nthawi zonse. Simungayiwale za izo kwanthawi yayitali, koma poyamika imakondwera ndi maluwa owala onunkhira bwino komanso masamba ofunda a fluffy.
Kufotokozera kwamasamba
Aubrieta ndiwosatha. Zoyambira zake zimakula kutalika kwa 25-25 cm, ndipo kutalika kwake sikokwanira masentimita 15. Nthambizo zimagawika m'mitundu iwiri. Zotsatira zake, carpet wandiweyani kapena chitsamba chowala chimapangidwa mwachangu kwambiri.
Kutalika konse kwa mphukira pali masamba ang'onoang'ono a pubescent. Amakhala ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira kapena obovate ndipo amalumikizidwa ndi timitengo ndi petioles lalifupi. M'mphepete mwa masamba ake ndi okhazikika kapena opindika. Chifukwa cha kufinya kwamasamba, mtengowu umapeza mtundu wobiriwira.
M'mwezi wa Meyi, tchire limakutidwa ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono okhala ndi mulifupi mwake mpaka 1 cm. Maluwa amatenga masiku 35-50. Corolla imakhala ndi miyala inayi yolowera yomwe imakhazikika limodzi kukhala chubu chopapatiza. Ma anthers achikasu ndi thumba losunga mazira kutuluka mu chubu. Zithunzi zamaluwa zimapaka utoto wofiirira, wofiirira, wofiirira, wabuluu kapena yoyera.
Pambuyo pakuvunda, zipatso zimamangidwa - nyemba zazing'ono zotupa. Muli njere zazing'ono zofiirira, zopindika m'mbali.
Mitundu ya Aubriet
Mitundu 12 ya mbewu idalembetsedwa mu genus Obrits. Popeza ma hybrids amakongoletsa kwambiri, mitundu yokhayokha ndi yomwe imapezeka kwambiri pakati pa mitundu.
Aubrieta deltoid (deltoid). Dzuwa lokwera mpaka 15 cm limakutidwa ndi masamba obiriwira obiriwira. M'mphepete mwa timapepala tooneka 1-2 mano otchulidwa. Kuyambira Meyi, kwa miyezi 1.5 mphukira imakutidwa ndi inflemose inflorescences. Maburashi otayirira amakhala ndi maluwa ofiirira kapena amtambo wofiirira mpaka 1 cm.
Aubrieta hybrid (chikhalidwe). Mtengowo umakula mwachangu ndipo umapanga chitsamba chobiriwira mpaka 20 cm. Ngakhale pansi pa chipale chofewa, umakhalabe ndi masamba. Kuyambira pakati pa Meyi, kwa masiku 35 mpaka 40, nsalu yotchinga imakutidwa ndi lotayirira inflorescence - matuwa ansalu kapena maluwa a lilac. Kwa nthawi yoyamba, obereketsa adayamba kubereka ma hybrids a ubrit kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1800. Mpaka pano, kuchuluka kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana yokongoletsera kwadutsa zana. Zosangalatsa kwambiri ndi izi:
- Aurea anosgata - mphukira zobiriwira zobiriwira zokutidwa ndi mawanga agolide, limamasula ndi lavender inflorescence;
- Blue King - yamaluwa owoneka bwino;
- Kugwetsa aubrieta - mphukira zobiriwira zobiriwira ndi masamba ndizoyenera kupitirirapo dimba, mu Meyi buluu, utoto wofiirira kapena maluwa owoneka bwino amatuluka pamwamba pawo ndi maso achikasu;
- Cote d'Azur - mphukira zakuda zobiriwira zakuda zokongoletsedwa ndi maluwa amtambo wobiriwira;
- The Red King - chitsamba chopingasa 10-15 masentimita amtali wamaluwa ofiira owala ndi mainchesi mpaka 5 cm;
- Cascade yachifumu - mphukira zokutira zimakutidwa ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono a pinki;
- Chimwemwe ndi chomera chamtundu wamaluwa ofiira otuwa kapena ofiira a lilac.
Kulima mbewu
Kufalikira kwa mbewu kumetedwa kumawonedwa ngati kosavuta komanso kothandiza. Tsoka ilo, njirayi siimapereka mawonekedwe amitundu.
Potseguka, mbewu zimafesedwa mu Epulo kapena Seputembara.Kuti muchite izi, konzani mabowo okhala akuya masentimita 1-1.5. Pamwamba pa dziko lapansi muyenera kuyikiridwa ndi mchenga. Pakatikati, kasamalidwe koyenera kuyenera kutengedwa, popeza mbande zachinsinsi zimasokonezeka mosavuta ndi namsongole.
Ambiri kulima mbande ya obuyta.
Mbewu zimapangidwa mu February.Mbewu zosakonzekereratu zimayikidwa pansi pamapiritsi a peat kapena pamchenga wamchenga peat m'matumba otayika. Mbewu zapamwamba zowazidwa ndi dothi loonda komanso mchenga. Kutsitsa kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito mfuti yoluka. Mbewu zimakutidwa ndi kanema ndikusungidwa pamalo owala ndi kutentha kwa + 18 ... + 21 ° C. Tsiku lililonse muyenera kupukusira mini-wowonjezera kutentha ndikunyowetsa nthaka.
Mbewu zimamera m'masiku 20-28. Ndikubwera kwa mphukira, filimuyo imachotsedwa. Mbande imazindikira matenda a fungal, motero hydration imachitika mosamala. Chakumapeto kwa Epulo, mbewu zimayamba kupita kukakhala ndi mpweya wabwino. Pambuyo pa masabata ena 1-2, mbande zimabzalidwa panthaka. Mizu ya kukameta ubweya imakhudzidwa kwambiri pakuwonongeka kulikonse, chifukwa chake amadzala pamodzi ndi miphika ya peat kapena mapiritsi popanda kumira. Mbande zamaluwa zimachitika patapita chaka chamawa.
Mutha kufalitsa mbewu ndi zodula. Kuti muchite izi, kudula nsonga za mphukira popanda inflorescence m'chilimwe. Amayikidwa mu dothi lamchenga pansi pa chivundikiro. Pakutha kwa Ogasiti, mapesi adzakula mizu yolimba. Kuziika kumalo kwamuyaya kumachitika ndi mtanda waukulu wapadziko lapansi, ndiye kuti nyengo yachisanu isanayambe mbewuzo zimakhala ndi nthawi yosinthira ndikukula. Poyembekeza kwambiri chisanu, tikulimbikitsidwa kusiya zodulidwa mu wowonjezera kutentha mpaka kasupe wotsatira.
M'mwezi wa Epulo kapena Seputembala, chitsamba chachikulu chitha kugawidwa m'magawo angapo. Aubrieta amalolera njirayi mopweteka kwambiri. Chitsamba chimakumbidwa, kudulidwamo ndikugulitsa mabowo nthawi yomweyo. Chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa rhizome, gawo la Delenok limatha kufa.
Kutenga ndi kusamalira
Kumayambiriro kwa Meyi, chisanu chimachepa, aurete adabzala panthaka. Malo omwe akutsikira ayenera kukhala opepuka komanso owongolera. Ndikusowa kuwala, maluwa amayamba kukhala opanda chidwi. Dothi liyenera kukhala lopepuka komanso chonde chokwanira. Pa dothi lolemera, mtolo umakulirakulira, chifukwa chake asanabzalidwe, dziko lapansi limakumbidwa ndipo miyala yatsopano imayambitsidwa. Dothi la Dolomite kapena laimu loterera limawonjezeranso nthaka yachilengedwe. Mtunda pakati pa tchire la mbande ndi 5-10 cm.
Ndikofunikira kuthirira Aubriete pang'ono. Zomera sizilekerera chilala bwino, komanso zimavutika ndi chinyezi m'nthaka. Chifukwa chake, kuthirira kumakonda kukhala, koma m'malo ochepa. Izi zimachitika bwino ndikumwaza. Mukangobzala, nthaka imathiriridwa mokwanira ndikuyanika ndi mchenga wamtunda mpaka masentimita 2-3. Popeza mchenga umatsukidwa, mulch imasinthidwa masika aliwonse.
Manyowa kumeta kawirikawiri. Ndikokwanira nthawi 1-2 pachaka kuwadyetsa ndi phulusa kapena matabwa a potashi. Mukachulukitsa ndi kuvala pamwamba, mbewuyo imakulitsa msipu wake wobiriwira, koma pachimake padzakhala zoyipa.
Kumapeto kwa Juni, maluwa atamalizidwa, mtambo udulidwapo. Osangokhala ma inflorescence owombera amachotsedwa, komanso gawo la mphukira. Kwa nthawi yozizira, tikulimbikitsidwa kuphimba tchire ndi udzu kapena masamba agwa. Kumayambiriro kasupe, malo ogona amachotsedwa. Popewa mbewu kuti zisaberekeke nthawi yachilimwe, thonje limakumbidwa mozungulira maluwa. Madzi ochokera chipale chofewa amatha kupita kumeneko. Kusamalira koteroko kudzateteza mizu kuti isasefukira.
Aubrieta amakhala ndi chitetezo chokwanira koma amakhala ndi chinyezi komanso kuthilira pafupipafupi kuchokera ku mizu zowola ndi ufa wouma. Teknoloji yolondola yokhayo yomwe ingathandize kuthetsa vutoli. Mwa majeremusi, aphritis nthawi zambiri amatsutsana ndi nsabwe za m'masamba. Pansi pa chivundikiro chobiriwira chobiriwira, slugs amatha kubisala kuchokera kutentha. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timathandizira kuthana ndi tizirombo. Nkhono ndi ulesi zimawopa phulusa ndi kutolera ndi dzanja.
Aubriet m'munda
Papangidwe kamtunda, Sheen amagwiritsidwa ntchito pozungulira komanso patali. Amapanga kapeti wamaluwa wopitilira ndipo angagwiritsidwe ntchito kulima ampel. Osewera ndi maluwa a Euphorbia akhoza kukhala euphorbia, Caucasian rezuha, sopowort, alissum, iris ndi phlox. Aubrieta imabzalidwe m'minda yamiyala, rockeries kapena mixborder. Nthochi zokhala ndi mitundu yambiri nthawi zambiri zimakhala pamtsetse wamiyala, makoma ndi mipanda, yomwe imapangira mtundu wowoneka bwino wobiriwira kapena wofiirira wofiirira.
