Kupanga mbewu

Mapulo a Ginnal: makhalidwe ndi zida za ulimi wamakono

Amene akuyang'ana zomera zochepa zomwe zingabzalidwe ngati khoma kapena kupanga ngodya yamakono, okonza mapulani a malo akulangizidwa kuti amvetsere maple a ginnal. Ichi ndi mtengo wawung'ono womwe uli ndi korona waukulu, womwe ungakuthandizeni kuphimba nyumba yanu yachilimwe kuchokera kumaso, kuwateteza ku ma drafts, kuphimba izo kuchokera ku dzuwa, ndipo kugwa kukukondweretseni ndi maonekedwe okongola a masamba. Mmene mungakulire mtengo ndi momwe umayenera kusamalirira, mudzaphunzira kuchokera m'nkhaniyi.

Kuwoneka ndi malongosoledwe a zomera

Cannon kapena maple maple (Acer ginnala) ndizo dzina lomwelo ndi banja la Sapindovye. Sali wamtali kwambiri shrub kapena mtengo.

Kutalika Kufikira kukula kuchokera 3 mpaka 8 mamita.

Phulusa. Mfupi Amakula m'mimba mwake kuyambira 0,2 mpaka 0,4 mamita.

Korona. Wamtundu, mwa mawonekedwe a hema. Akufika m'mimba mwake kuchokera pa 5 mpaka 7 mamita.

Makungwa Ili ndi kapangidwe kakang'ono kofewa, kofiira mu bulauni ndi imvi. Mitengo yakale ikung'amba.

Nthambi. Osauka, kukula bwino. Chofiira kapena bulauni.

Mizu ya mizu Kunena zoona, wandiweyani.

Masamba. Mosiyana, zosavuta. Pezani kutalika kwa masentimita 4 mpaka 10, m'lifupi - kuyambira 3 mpaka 6 cm. Gawo laling'ono limakhala lochepa. Ndili ndi zaka, kusokonezeka kumakhala kosaoneka. Masamba amakula pa petioles yolunjika ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 3 mpaka 5, omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi pinki. Zimakhala zosalala, zojambula mumdima wobiriwira.

Maluwa Ziwonekere kumapeto kwa nyengo - ndiye, masamba akamasamba. Khala ndi mtundu wobiriwira. Kutalika pakati - kuyambira 0,5 mpaka 0,8 masentimita awiri. Kuphatikizidwa mu inflorescences mu mawonekedwe a brush-panicles. Mukhale ndi fungo labwino. Maluwa amatha masabata awiri mpaka atatu.

Zipatso. Kumapeto kwa chilimwe pali lionfish Kutalika kwake kumachokera ku 0.8 mpaka 1 masentimita ndi m'lifupi kuchokera 3 mpaka 6 masentimita. Choyamba, zipatsozo ndizopaka utoto wofiira, ndiye bulauni.

Chiwerengero cha kukula. Okhazikika. Kukula kwa chaka cha 30 mpaka 50 cm.

Lifespan. Mtengo uwu wautali - pafupifupi, umakhala ndi moyo kwa zaka 100, koma zitsanzo zakale, zomwe zakhala zikukondwerera zaka 250, zinalembedwanso.

Mukudziwa? Tsamba la mapulo akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi anthu a ku Canada monga chizindikiro cha boma kuyambira m'zaka za zana la 18. Ndipo kuchokera mu 1965, iye anagwidwa ku bendera la Canada. Chowonadi ndi chakuti mapulogalamu a shuga ndi ofunika kwambiri a zachuma a boma, amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga nkhuni, kuchotsa shuga, pokonzekera mankhwala abwino a mapulo.

Ali kuti akukula

Malo okhala mapulaneti ameneŵa ndi East Asia, Siberia Kumwera cha Kum'maŵa. Amapezeka kum'mawa kwa madera a Mongolia, ku Korea, Japan, ndi China. Zimakula pamphepete mwa mitsinje, m'mphepete mwa nyanja. Chifukwa cha zochitikazo, ndipo adalandira dzina lake lachiwiri - mtsinje. Ikhozanso kupezeka pamapiri otsetsereka, m'mapiri aatali.

Tanthauzo lachilengedwe

Izi zosiyanasiyana ndizobwino kwambiri chomera uchi. Uchi umene umasonkhanitsidwa kuchokera ku mapuloteni a ginnal uli ndi 2.5% shuga komanso 30% tannins.

Dziwitseni ndi mitundu yambiri ya mapulo: yofiira, Norway, Chitata, Manchu, Japan, ndi mapulusa (American).
Mbalame zimakhala mu korona wakuda kwambiri wa mtengo, mbewu zake zimamangiriza bullfinches. Mitengo ndi nthambi zimakonda kudya agologolo.

Kugwiritsa ntchito popanga malo

Mapulo a mtsinje akhala akukongoletsa nthawi yonse yokula. Iye ali ndi korona wokongola kwambiri, iyo ili yapachiyambi pamene iyo ikuphulika. Pambuyo ottsvetaniya zake zokongoletsa kukhala lionfish. Chimake cha zokongoletsera chimachitika m'miyezi yoyambilira - ndiyeno masambawo amatembenukira chikasu, lalanje ndi moto wofiira.

Mtundu uwu umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu chikhalidwe cha park chifukwa cha XIX atumwi. Gwiritsani ntchito pagulu ndi kumalo osakwatira. Anabzala pamphepete mwa mitsinje, mabwato, curbs. Anthu oyandikana naye kwambiri ndi amtengo wapatali.

M'chikhalidwe, mitundu imeneyi imapezeka kwambiri kumpoto kwa Ulaya ndi kumpoto kwa America. Ku Japan, imagwiritsidwa ntchito muzojambula zokongola za bonsai.

Chifukwa cha maonekedwe ake olemera, mapulo amapatsidwa katundu wambiri wochiritsira. Werengani za kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mapulo kuchipatala.

Mavuto akukula

Mapu a Ginnala - osati chomera chodziletsa kwambiri. Ngakhale zina zofunika pa malo okukula zimapangitsa. Choncho, mtengowo ukhoza kukongola kwambiri pokhapokha ukafika pamalo abwino. Kumeta mdima kumaloledwa.

Ndikofunikira! Ngati mutabzala maple a mchenga mumthunzi, zidzatayika zitsamba zake mu kugwa ngati mawonekedwe ofiira. Mofanana ndi zomera zambiri, zidzakhala zachikasu.
Mitundu iyi iyenera kubzalidwa kudera limene mulibe zogona. Ngati izi sizingatheke, ndiye kuti muyenera kusamalira zida zapamwamba zowonongeka - mu dzenje lakutsetsereka ayenera kuyika miyala ya masentimita 10-20. Ngati dothi ndilo limy, peat iyenera kusakanikirana. Nthaka yosauka ikhoza kuberekedwa mwa kugwiritsa ntchito kugwa pansi pa kukumba humus kapena kompositi (4-8 makilogalamu pa 1 sq. M).

Pogwiritsa ntchito nthaka, mapulowa safuna, akhoza kukhala pa nthaka iliyonse, kupatula zolemera. PH mlingo wokwanira ndi 6-7.5. Ngati pali nthaka yolemetsa pamalowa, ziyenera kuyika mchenga wa mtsinje musanadzalemo mtengo. Chomera sichimalekerera salinization, chimayamba kukhala ndi mavuto. Choncho, ndikofunika kuonetsetsa kuti izi sizichitika.

Kuti mudziwe kuti ndi dothi liti limene lidzapindula kwambiri, werengani momwe mungadziwire okha kukhala acidity m'nthaka.
Kutsimikiza kwa nthaka acidity ndi zipangizo zapadera

Ngakhale kuti mtengo uli ndi mizu yeniyeni, chifukwa chakuti uli wandiweyani ndipo uli ndi nthambi zambiri, nthawi zambiri imanyamula mphepo, choncho sizowopsya ngati malowo sali otetezedwa ku zojambula.

Koma m'nyengo yozizira yovuta, izi zimakhala zolimba kwambiri komanso zotsutsana ndi chisanu, choncho zimakula popanda mavuto kumpoto.

Malamulo obwera

Kubzala kungapangidwe kasupe ndi yophukira. Ndikofunika kukonzekera bwino dzenje. Ndondomekoyi imayamba masabata awiri kapena atatu isanafike mmera. Ikufukula ndi kukula kwa 0.7 mamita mozama ndi 0,5 mamita m'lifupi; humus ndi feteleza zamchere zimaphatikizidwa. Kukumba dzenje lodzala maple

Dothi losakaniza limakonzedwa kuchokera ku zigawo zotsatirazi:

  • humus (peat manyowa) - magawo atatu;
  • Dziko la soda - magawo awiri;
  • Mchenga ndi gawo limodzi.
Ngati zikonzekera kuti mitengo ikhale imodzi, ndiye kuti mtunda wa pakati pa zomera zikhale pafupi ndi 2 mpaka 4 mamita. Mukamabzala mumtunda, mtunda ukhale 1.5-2 m.

Musanadzalemo pansi pa dzenje muyenera kumasulidwa bwino. Kuti muchite izi, mukhoza kuzibaya kangapo ndi mphanda.

Ngati zomera zimabzalidwa mumtambo, m'pofunikanso kukumba ngalande ndikuyimira mtunda wa mamita 1-1.5. Pakadali pano, khosi likhoza kukula pang'ono mpaka 5 cm. Timakumba ngalande chifukwa chodzala maple

Sapling iyenera kusankhidwa mzipinda zapadera. Ndi bwino kutenga kopi ya zaka ziwiri. Ayenera kukhala wathanzi, wopanda zizindikiro zowonongeka, zofooka, kuwonongeka. Ngati mizu ya mmera imatseguka, ndiye kuti muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti zonse zili bwino ndi izo, zakhazikika bwino ndipo sizikhala ndi zilonda zowola kapena matenda ena.

Onetsetsani mosamala mbeuyo mu dzenje lokonzekera lokonzekera ndi kuwongolera mizu. Khosi la mizu panthawi yomweyo liyenera kukhala pamtunda. Kenaka dzenje lamadzaza ndi osakaniza. Pambuyo pang'onopang'ono tamped. Kubzala mapu a Ginnal

Pambuyo mutabzala, chomeracho chidzafunika kukhala ndi madzi okwanira, ndipo nthaka yomwe ili pafupi ndi tsinde idzagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi peat, udzu, lapnik, utuchi. Mulch waikidwa mu wosanjikiza wa masentimita 5-10. Adzalola kusunga chinyezi pamzuzi, kuziwotcha m'nyengo yozizira ndi kupulumutsa kutuluka namsongole.

Ngati mukufuna kuteteza chomeracho ku zovuta zachilengedwe, funsani chifukwa chake mukufunikira dothi losakanikirana, makamaka kugwiritsa ntchito ulimi.

Malangizo Othandizira

Mutabzala, mapulo adzafuna kuyesetsa kochepa, komwe kudzakhala:

  • kuthirira;
  • kuvala,
  • kumasula nthaka;
  • kupalira;
  • kumeta tsitsi.
Padzakhala koyenera kuthira mapulo nthawi zonse - kamodzi pa mwezi, nthawi youma - kamodzi pa sabata, pogwiritsa ntchito malita 15 mpaka 20 pa mbeu. Mutabzala, kuthirira mlungu uliwonse, kupanga magawo awiri a madzi.

Ndikofunikira! Pakuthirira, madzi ayenera kutenthera pansi mamita 0.5 mzama.
Pambuyo ulimi wothirira, kuti tipeŵe kuumitsa kwa dziko lapansi m'katikati mwa bwalo, kudzakhala koyenera kumasula. Kutsegula kumakhala kosasunthika - ndi masentimita 5-7 kuti musamawononge mzuzi.

Kupalira nyemba nthawi zonse kudzafunikanso kuchotsa namsongole omwe amapatsa chinyezi ndi zakudya kuchokera ku mapulo.

Zikakhala kuti palibe feteleza zamchere zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito panthawi yobzala, chaka chodzala mutatha, chaka chiyenera kudyetsedwa. Pachifukwachi, gwiritsani ntchito urea (40 g pa 1 sq. M.), potaziyamu mchere (15-25 g), superphosphate (30-50 g). Urea

M'chilimwe, mukamasula, mukhoza kupanga feteleza. Oyenera "Kemira Universal" (100 g pa 1 sq. M).

Kumeta tsitsi koyamba kumapangidwa chaka chimodzi mutabzala (masika). Kudulira mapulo kudulira kupirira bwino - mwamsanga kubwezeretsedwa. Popeza mphukira zake zimakhala zodziwika kuti zimakhazikika nthawi yaitali, ndipo thunthu limakula mofulumira kwambiri, ndibwino kuti musapitirire kukula kwa masentimita 7-10 masentimita chaka chilichonse pamene mukudulidwa kuti mukwaniritse kutalika kwa mpanda, pomwe mukulemekeza mawonekedwe ake monga mawonekedwe a trapezoid. Pambuyo pazimenezi n'zotheka kupanga tsitsi kumutu.

Pofuna kupititsa mapulo ndikuwongolera kukula kwake, funsani zochitika zonse za kudulira masika, nyengo yachisanu ndi chilimwe.

Pogwiritsa ntchito mapulo ngati malire, nthawi zonse amadulidwa, osasiya kuposa mamita 0.5 m'lifupi.

Ngakhale kuti mapulo a mtsinje amadziwika ndi nyengo yozizira yolimba yozizira, zaka zoyambirira mutabzala mizu yake idzafunikiranso kuziphimba nyengo isanafike. Ndi yabwino nthambi za spruce, masamba owuma. Pamene ikukula, nyengo yozizira idzawonjezeka, ndipo mtengo sudzakhalanso ndi njira iyi.

Mapulo ali ndi chitetezo chabwino, koma osati zana limodzi. Ikhoza kuvutika ndi ma coral, omwe amadziwika ngati mawanga ofiira pa makungwa. Pogonjetsedwa, nthambi zowonongeka zimachotsedwa, malo odulidwa ali ndi phula la munda, ndipo mtengo umapulitsidwa ndi vitriol ya buluu. Coral akuwona

Powdery mildew ndi matenda ena owopsa kwa mitengo ya mapulo. Ngati pali zizindikiro zokhudzana ndi matenda - nyemba yoyera ya mealy pamasamba - chomeracho chiyenera kukhala choyera kwambiri ndi laimu mu chiŵerengero cha 2 mpaka 1.

Werengani momwe mungamere maple a nyumba (abutilon).
Mapulo a mtsinje ali ndi zilakolako zambiri zolakwika mwa mawonekedwe a tizilombo towononga: whitefly, mealybug, weevil. Whitefly ya mapulo ikhoza kugonjetsedwa ndi kupopera mankhwala ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda - "Aktellik", "Aktaroy", "Amofos", ndi zina zotero. Nyongolotsi imawonongedwa ndi Nitrafen, m'chilimwe - pogwiritsa ntchito "Karbofos". "Chlorophos" imathandizira kuchotseratu zitsamba zamadzi.

Mukudziwa? Whiskey wa Jack Daniel umasankhidwa kupyolera mu makala omwe amapangidwa kuchokera ku maple a ku America.
Kotero, mapulo a ginnal ndi abwino kwa iwo amene akufuna kukongoletsa dziko lawo ndi mtengo wokongola, wowala komanso woyambirira. Kusunga kukongola kwake nthawi zonse, makamaka kukongola kwa mapulo mu kugwa - ndizomwe panthawi ino masamba ake amatembenuka kwambiri. M'chilimwe, zidzakhala zofunika pakupanga mthunzi wakuda. Mapulo a mtsinje amakula mosavuta, safuna chisamaliro chapadera ndikukula mofulumira. Ikhoza kukula m'madera ovuta, chifukwa ndi yozizira kwambiri. Ubwino wake umaphatikizapo kukana mphepo, kutentha ndi kumidzi.

Malangizo a kukula kwa mapu a Ginnal

Mapulo a ginnal amapereka kukula kwakukulu. Mbewu ya kukula imakhala yayikulu kwambiri - chaka choyamba, mbande imatha kutalika kwa mamita 0.5 m.

Ili ndi vuto limodzi, lofunika kwa hedgerows - ilo limathera mochedwa ndipo limasiya masamba oyambirira. Koma kawirikawiri, malo osungiramo mitengo amtengo wapatali ndi okongola kwambiri.

Kutalika kwa mpanda kungakhale kulikonse - kuchokera kumakhala makoma okhala ndi kutalika kwa 2-3 mamita ku chilema ndi kutalika kwa mamita 0.5.

Chitsanzo chodzala: Mtunda wa pakati pa zomera ndi mzere wa 0.5-0.8 mamita. Pokhala ndi mizere iwiri, zomera zimayikidwa mu bolodi la checkerboard, mtunda pakati pa mizere ndi 0.4-0.7 m.

Popeza kukula kwake kuli kwakukulu, mudzafunika tsitsi 4-6 pa nyengo. Kwa mazenera otsika ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito kudula kwadothi kuchokera kumbali kuti pansi lisakhale lopanda kanthu.

Zinthu zotsatirazi ndi zofunika kuti zikule: nthaka iyenera kukhala ndi zakudya zambiri, ndipo chinthu chofunika kwambiri ndi chakuti kuzungulira kwa mapuloteni a Ginnal kumataya zokometsera zake mumthunzi, chifukwa choti zomera zimamasulidwa, mwachitsanzo, amafunika kudzala dzuwa.

Mzere wobiriwira
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Ndili ndi Ginnala ... iwo adagula (kapena 2006 kapena 2007, zolemba zenizeni sizinasungidwe) ndi mtengo wawung'ono ... Pambuyo pa nyengo yoyamba yozizira, panali galasi lalikulu pamtengo mpaka pansi. Ndinadwala kwa nthawi yayitali: Ndinaumitsa nthambi ndikugwetsa masamba oyambirira. Pakati pa nyengo, ndimadula (monga momwe ziyenera kukhalira, ndipo sindimakonda zonse) chifukwa cha izi. Amakula kwa chaka akuwombera bwino. Ndikuyesera kudula zonse ku chitsa ... kotero kuti kuchokera pansi (makamaka kuchokera muzu, ndikudzifunsa ngati zingathe?, Kuti athetse chisanu), amawombera kuyamba, koma mwachiwonekere sizowonjezera (ndipo frostbane imapita pansi). Pakali pano zaka zingapo + sizikuwuma chilichonse. M'chaka, kutaya kwa madzi kumayambira kwambiri! Zikuwoneka kwa ine, Talya *, yang'anani momwe zidzasinthira, momwe zidzasinthira ndikukula, ndiyeno ganizirani zoyenera kuchita nazo.

Ps ndi wathu botsad: Ndinawona munda wokongola kumeneko, ndipo nditatha nyengo yozizira ndinali ndi -50% za zomwe zinali (kupatulapo zinali zovuta kwambiri ndi mtengo wa lapnik !!). Mwachidziwitso, ndipo ndinauzidwa pamene ndagula :-D

Alicesp
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Video: momwe mungamere maple a ginnal