Mdima wobala zipatso umachokera ku Ukraine - kufotokoza mbatata zosiyanasiyana "Darkie"

Smuglyanka ndi imodzi mwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mbatata ya Chiyukireniya kuswana, yomwe ikukula mofulumira pakati pa alimi amalonda ndi wamaluwa omwe amakonda.

Mdima wakuda tubers si zokoma zokha, komanso zothandiza, olemera mavitamini ndi ofunika kufufuza zinthu.

M'nkhani ino mudzapeza tsatanetsatane wa zosiyana siyana, mudzadziŵa makhalidwe ake ndi zenizeni za kulima, fufuzani matenda omwe akukumana nawo.

Chiyambi

Mbatata Smuglyanka inagwidwa ndi Chiyukireniya obereketsa, woyambitsa - NAU Sumy dera. Mwinamwake mukukula kumadera alionse ndi nyengo yozizira kapena yotentha.

Kulima kulimbikitsidwa kumalo ogulitsa mafakitale, mbatata amaloledwa m'minda ndi minda.

Mosiyana ndi mitundu yambiri ya mdima, Smuglyanka amakula kwambiri, akumvera feteleza. Zokongola, ngakhalenso tubers ndizogulitsidwa kapena kugwiritsidwa ntchito mu malo osungirako zakudya.

Mbatata "Smuglyanka": kufotokoza zosiyanasiyana ndi zithunzi

Kujambula kwa Darkie - mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya tebulo yoyambirira. Kukonzekera kuli kokwera, mosamala komanso nyengo yabwino kuchokera ku 1 hekita mukhoza kusonkhanitsa anthu okwana 480.

Poyerekeza zokolola ndi kusunga khalidwe la zosiyanasiyana ndi ena, mungagwiritse ntchito tebulo ili m'munsimu:

Mitengo ya kutalika kwapakati, mtundu wamkati, wowongoka. Nthambi ndi zobiriwira zimapangidwira. Masamba ndi osakanikirana, obiriwira, ndi mapiri pang'ono. Maluwa ndi ofiira kwambiri, omwe amasonkhanitsidwa mu compact corolla.

Zipatso sizimangidwe ndipo zimangogwa mwamsanga. Mizu ili bwino, 10-12 lalikulu mbatata amapangidwa pansi pa chitsamba chilichonse.. Kuchuluka kwa zinthu zopanda phindu ndizosafunikira.

Kudzala mlingo woyang'anira. Mbatata imabzalidwa m'nthaka yotenthedwa bwino, tubers imayikidwa pamtunda wa masentimita 30 kuchokera kwa mzake. Kwa nyengo, tchire 2-3 nthawi yopiringa, zimalimbikitsa dosed kuthirira ndi imodzi yokha kuvala.

Werengani zambiri za momwe mungadyetse mbatata, nthawi komanso momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito feteleza, momwe mungachitire bwino pamene mukudzala, werengani m'nkhani za webusaiti yathu.

Mbewu sizimatha kwa nthawi yayitali, muyenera kusankha mbatata zazikulu, zosasamalidwa zofesa ndi kutchulidwa kuti zimakhala zosiyanasiyana.

Mphamvu ndi zofooka

Zina mwa ubwino waukulu wa zosiyanasiyana:

• kukoma kwake kwa mizu mbewu;
• kucha msanga;
• zokolola zabwino;
• kukana kusokoneza makina;
• kutetezedwa ku matenda akulu;
• bwino kusunga khalidwe;
• zabwino malonda makhalidwe a tubers; mbewu zakuthupi sizingatheke kuwonongeka;
• kukana nyengo;
• kudzichepetsa.

Zovuta za zosiyanasiyana zingaganizidwe kuti zikhoza kuwonongedwa ndi tizirombo. Mbatata imakhala ndi chidwi ndi zakudya zamtundu wa nthaka, posauka imakhala zokolola zambiri.

Zizindikiro

• Tizilombo ting'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono tomwe
• mawonekedwe ozungulira-oval;
• Mitundu ya tubers imakhala yokongola, yopanda makoswe ndi ziphuphu;
• peel wakuda buluu wokhala ndi utoto wofiira, wofiira, wofewa, wofewa;
• maso ali chabe, osaya, ochepa;
• Masamba pa odulidwa ndi oyera kapena kirimu;
• olemera kwambiri, kuyambira 16 mpaka 20%;
• Zakudya zamapuloteni, mavitamini, zamtengo wapatali za amino acid.

Mbatata imakhala ndi kukoma kwabwino: kowala kwambiri, wolemera, koma nthawi imodzi yofatsa. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda sizouma ndipo osati madzi, ataphika, amayamba kusungunuka ndi kusungunuka kwenikweni pakamwa.

Pamene kudula ndi mbatata yotentha musadetse, pamene muli ndi mtundu wokoma. Tizilombo tingathe kuphika, kuziphika, kuziphika, zimapanga mpweya. Pofuna kukonzekera magawo, mafrimu a French si abwino.

Mu tebulo ili m'munsimu mukhoza kuona wowonjezera mitundu yambiri:

Mutha kuona zipatso za mbatata "Smuglyanka" mu chithunzi:

Zizindikiro za kukula

Pakuti chodzala kusankha lalikulu mokwanira mbatata ndi wotchedwa varietal makhalidwe. Kusankhidwa kotero kumatsimikizira zokolola zabwino, tubers zidzakhala zowala komanso zazikulu. Ndibwino kuti tilembere tchire zomwe zingakhale zogwiritsira ntchito mbeu ngakhale pa kulima, ndi kusunga mbatata zomwe zimasonkhanitsidwa padera.

Tubers ndi kuzifota, kukonzedwa ndi kukula stimulator, zouma. Izi zimatsatiridwa ndi kumera mu kuwala kapena muzitsamba zamadzi. Kudula tubers musanadzalemo sikovomerezeka.

Mitundu ina ya Darkie imasankha dothi lopanda mchenga kapena dothi lakuda. Nthaka iyenera kumasulidwa mosamala, sankhanipo zotsalira za zomera ndi zina extraneous inclusions. Ndi bwino kubzala mbatata m'minda yomwe imakhala ndi nyemba, kaloti, kabichi, radish. Zambiri zimasintha zaka 2-3. Njira yotereyi ndi njira yabwino yothetsera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, matenda ndi kutaya kwa tubers.

Mbeu zabwino zimabzalidwa m'zitsime, zomwe zili pamtunda wa masentimita 30-35 kuchokera mzake. Kuzama - osapitirira 10 masentimita, amayenera mipata yambiri. Phulusa la nkhuni kapena humus limatambasuka kupyola mumabowo. Pa nyengo yodzala muyenera kutsuka nthawi ziwirikupanga mawonekedwe a tchire. Kupuma mobwerezabwereza kapena kupaka ndi udzu kukulimbikitsidwa.

Mukakhala chilimwe chilimwe, mbatata imayenera kuthiriridwa, kupopera madzi kapena kuwaza akulimbikitsidwa. Kuonjezera zokololazo zidzakuthandizani kuyambitsa zitsulo zonse zamchere kapena zofunikira.

Nkofunikira: Kudyetsa feteleza sikuyenera kupitirira 2 nthawi, kupitirira kovala pamwamba kumayambitsa kusungunuka kwa nitrates mu mizu.

Zokolola zouma pamphepete kapena pansi pa denga, zosankhidwa, ndiyeno zimachotsedwa kuti zisungidwe. Tubers omwe amagulitsidwa kugulitsidwa akhoza kunyamulidwa mwachindunji kumunda.

Pa webusaiti yathu mudzapeza zambiri zokhudzana ndi kusungirako mbatata: nthawi, kutentha, zovuta. Komanso momwe mungasungire mizu m'nyengo yozizira, pa khonde, mu zowonjezera, mufiriji, mu mawonekedwe ofiira.

Matenda ndi tizirombo

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imagonjetsedwa ndi matenda ambiri a Solanaceae: kansa ya mbatata, golide yopanga nematode, wamba wamba, mavairasi osiyanasiyana: Fusarium, Alternaria, Verticillus.

Pansi pa zovuta, ndi kotheka kuti phytophtorosis ikhale ndi kachilombo ka tubers kapena masamba. Pofuna kuchepetsa vuto lochedwa, kubzala kumapangidwa mobwerezabwereza ndi zokonzekera zamkuwa. Kuchokera muzu zowola kapena blackleg, tchire lidzapulumutsidwa posakaniza nthaka ndi udzu wokha.

Mofanana ndi mitundu ina yamdima yobiriwira, Smuglyanka imakoka tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Malo oterewa amaopsezedwa ndi mabomba a Colorado, aworworms, ndi Medvedki. Kupopera mankhwala ndi tizilombo, kudyetsa nthaka ndi tubers musanabzala thandizo.

Polimbana ndi kachilomboka ka Colorado mbatata kamathandizira mankhwala: Aktara, Corado, Regent, Commander, Prestige, Lightning, Tanrek, Apache, Taboo.

Pamene mukukula mbatata, mankhwala ena amagwiritsidwa ntchito popititsa patsogolo zokolola kapena zowononga tizilombo.

Werengani zonse za ubwino ndi zoopsa za fungicides, mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi tizilombo m'nkhani zothandiza pa tsamba lathu.

Mbatata "Darkie" - Achinyamata, koma odalirika kwambiri, omwe amawoneka kuti ndi nyenyezi ya Chiyukireniya kusankha. Ndili patsogolo pa mpikisano mogwirizana ndi zokolola, kulawa, kukana matenda, malonda a tubers. Mbatata ingabzalidwe m'makampani ogulitsa kapena m'minda yamunthu, izo ziridi zonse.

Pali njira zambiri zowonjezera mbatata - kuchokera muyezo mpaka zovuta kwambiri. Timabweretserako nkhani zokhudzana ndi teknoloji ya Dutch, momwe mungamere mbatata kuchokera ku mbewu, pansi pa udzu, m'matumba ndi mbiya, mabokosi kapena mabokosi opanda pansi.

Timakupatsanso inu mitundu ina ya mbatata ndi mawu osiyana: