Gulu Nkhaka

Woyimira wa dzungu wamakutu amakhala ndi mbiri yakale kwambiri. Inayamba kukula zaka 6000 zapitazo. Mdziko la masamba awa, lomwe ndi chipatso cha sayansi, limaonedwa kuti ndi India. Koma, ngakhale izi, malo olima ndi kugwiritsira ntchito mankhwalawa ndi ochuluka kwambiri. Ngakhale kale, anthu ochokera ku Africa, Greece, Ufumu wa Roma adadzikuza ndi masamba awa, omwe dzina lawo linachokera ku Chigiriki chakale "aguros", kutanthauza "chosapsa ndi chosapsa."

Momordica, kapena momwe imatchedwanso Indian makangaza, ntchentche yakuwawa, nkhaka zakuda kapena zachi Indian, vwende la China, ndi mpesa wobiriwira wa banja la dzungu. Mdziko lino ndi India ndi China. Pali mitundu yambiri yosatha komanso yosatha. Pafupifupi, pali mitundu 20 ya momordica.

Chaka chilichonse, alimi ndi alimi akudandaula za tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, zomwe zimachepetsa chitetezo cha mbeu ndikuchiwononga. Kawirikawiri, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda amayesa kuwononga kotheratu musanazindikire ndipo ayamba kuphulika. Ndikoyenera kuchitapo kanthu pa nthawi yake kwa tizilombo tosiyanasiyana, tizirombo ndi mphutsi, zomwe simungathe kuziwonongera zomwe zimapweteketsa mbewu kapena kupatsira mbewuzo ndi matenda.

Nkhuka zambiri - ndi zitsamba za pachaka za banja la Dzungu. Zikuwoneka mu chikhalidwe zaka 6,000 zapitazo, India imaonedwa ngati malo obadwira. Mu ulimi wamakono wamakono, pali njira zingapo zowonjezera nkhaka: pa matepi, mu mbiya, pansi pa filimu, mu matumba ndi matumba, ndikugwiritsa ntchito hydroponics, yomwe tsopano ili yowonongeka.

Mitundu yambiri ya nkhaka yapangidwa, yomwe imasiyana mofanana ndi kukula, mawonekedwe, kukula, mtundu, zokolola, kukana tizirombo ndi matenda. Mu wakunja kwatawuni m'madera ndi masamba minda makamaka wamkulu nkhaka oval, cylindrical. Komabe, ochepa amadziwa kuti pali mitundu yambiri ya nkhaka, zipatso zomwe zimatha kuzungulira ndi kuzungulira.

Mosakayika, aphid amadziwika kuti ndi imodzi mwa tizirombo toopsa komanso wamba. Mitundu yake yambiri imapezeka m'munda wamaluwa ndi munda wamaluwa. Makamaka nsabwe za m'masamba ngati kubzala nkhaka ndi mavwende. Kawirikawiri pali aphid pa nkhaka mu wowonjezera kutentha, ngakhale kutetezedwa. Pofuna kuchotsa tizilombo, muyenera kuwononga nsabwe za m'masamba popanda kuwononga zomera.

Kulima nkhaka kumaphatikizapo kupereka masamba a chikhalidwe cha kutentha, kuwala ndi chinyezi. Koma zimakhala zokhumudwitsa bwanji pamene palibe zokolola. Pali maluwa ambiri pa namsongole, koma amakhala opanda kanthu. Ndipo zimachitika chifukwa cha zokolola zambewu zosauka ndi zolakwika mu teknoloji yaulimi. Tiyeni tiyesetse kupeza zomwe tingachite ngati pali maluwa ambiri opanda kanthu pa nkhaka, ndipo tidzakambirana mwatsatanetsatane zifukwa za maonekedwe awo.

Tonsefe timazoloŵera zosavuta komanso zotsika mtengo masamba monga nkhaka. Nkhaka ndi alendo nthawi zonse pa tebulo chaka chonse: mwatsopano m'chilimwe, m'nyengo yozizira mu mawonekedwe pickles. Ndipo kawirikawiri amakumana ndi munda wotere, yemwe m'munda sangapeze masamba awa. Zikuwoneka ngati zingakhale zovuta bwanji nkhaka? Koma ndi osiyana: mu mawonekedwe, kukula, mtundu, potsiriza, kulawa.

Nkhaka zakhala chimodzi mwa masamba akuluakulu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa chakudya cha tsiku ndi tsiku kwa anthu anzathu. Pamodzi ndi mbatata ndi tomato, amakula pafupifupi munda uliwonse wa ndiwo zamasamba. Nkhaniyi idzafotokoza za Finger, kufotokozera nkhaka za mitundu yosiyana siyana, zomwe zimapangidwa ndi kusamalira mbewu ndi kubzala. Kulongosola kwa mitundu yosiyana Izi zosiyana zinalengedwa ndi Russian breeder Shefatov V.