Kodi ndi chiani, anthu ochepa sakudziwa, komanso zowonjezera phindu lake ndi ntchito zake. Koma kwa iwo omwe akufuna kupanga ziwembu zosasangalatsa, chomera chodabwitsa ichi ku banja la dzungu ndi chofunikira.
Chinsinsi chake sichiri chokongoletsera mofanana ndi chipatso cha chipatso. Amakonza zakudya zokoma ndi masamba achilengedwe. Ndipo mukhoza kuchita zonsezi kunyumba. Tiyeni tiyese kupeza momwe tingamerekere loofah kuchokera ku mbewu, zomwe ziri mu chisamaliro ndi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Kufesa mbewu za mbande
Botanists amaika Luffa (Luffa) kukhala mtundu wa mipesa yobiriwira. M'madera otentha a ku Asia, amatha kufika mamita asanu m'litali, ndipo m'madera otentha a nyengo, kukula kwa zomera kumakhala koletsedwa. Komabe, amadziwika ndi nyengo yowonjezera.
Chifukwa chake, agronomists akulangiza kulima mbewu zosowa kuti apange njira yochezera. Choncho, poyamba, zokolola zambiri zimakhala zenizeni.
Mukudziwa? Malinga ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zosiyanasiyana, zipatso loofah amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuphika komanso m'mayiko osiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, kuchokera ku mafuta, omwe amapezeka kwambiri mu mbewu za masamba, mafuta amapangidwa, zamkati zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga sopo, zimagwiritsidwa ntchito monga mafeletti oyeretsera madzi a mafakitale.
Nthawi yabwino yofesa
Kwa zipatso zoyambirira, kupatsidwa khungu, khungu lolimba pa mbewu, kumera kwa loofah kuyenera kuyamba pakati pa nyengo yozizira. Muli sabata yoyamba ya February, mukhoza kukonzekera mbeu za kufesa, ndipo zitangoyamba kumera, muyenera kumangoyamba kubzala.
Pafupipafupi, nthawiyi sichitha kuposa masabata awiri. Koma ena a "chikwama chokwanira" akugawana zomwe akumana nazo pofesa mbeu mu April. Zoona, mu zochitika izi, zokolola zidzakhala patapita nthawi. Mulimonsemo, konzekerani zonse ntchito mogwirizana ndi kalendala ya mwezi.
Makhalidwe ndi nthaka yobzala
Mlendo wa ku Asia wotchedwa thermophilic amachokera ku dothi ndi kubzala zofunika m'banja. Zili choncho kuti chikhalidwe sichimakonda kwambiri, chimafuna dziko lapansi lopanda kanthu.
Akatswiri amalangiza kuti amere chomera chopanda phindu m'mapopu apulasitiki. Koma powasankha ayenera kulingalira za kuchuluka kwa mbande za m'tsogolo, ndizofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito zida zokhala ndi masentimita 7. 
Ndikofunikira! Luffu sinafesedwa ndi mabedi. Kwa zosowa za banja limodzi, zomera ziwiri ndi zokwanira.Nthaka ya mbande imakonzedwa kuchokera kumtunda wofanana ndi masamba, mchenga wa mtsinje komanso pamwamba pa peat. Koma ambiri ogwira ntchitoyo amaganizira njira imeneyi mosapita nthawi ndipo amalangiza njira yabwino kwambiri yamakono.
Zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito mapiritsi odulidwa kapena mapepala. Kwa luffa, kulima kotereku kumapatsa chakudya chofunikira mpaka patsikulo la mbeu lifike kumalo osatha, pambali pake, ziphuphu ndi mizu sizinavulazidwe.
Kukonzekera Mbewu
Kuti siponji ikule kuchokera ku loofah, mbewu ziyenera kukonzedwa bwino. Ndiponsotu, atapezeka m'madera ovuta, sangathe kupereka mphukira. Chinthu choyamba chimene agronomists akukulangizani ndi kulemerera mbewu masiku angapo.
Pochita izi, gwiritsani ntchito njira yochepa ya potaziyamu permanganate, madzi a aloe kapena madzi ofunda otentha ndi kukula kokondweretsa. Emistim, Kornevin, Ecosil ndi mankhwala ena ali abwino monga chodalira chomaliza. 
Ndikofunikira! Mbewu zambiri zimapweteka kwambiri ndikupita kumalo osatha. Izi ziri chifukwa kukhala miphika, ziphuphu zimavutika chifukwa cha kusowa kwa zakudya, ndipo pamene zili pa sitepala, chifukwa cha zofooka sizikhoza kusintha zikhalidwe zatsopano.
Poyambira, mbewu zimayikidwa mu nsalu ya gauze kapena ya thonje ndipo imamangirizidwa mu mfundo. Kenaka amaviikidwa mu madzi okonzeka otentha ndipo amasiya pafupi ndi batiri kapena chipangizo china chotentha. Pambuyo masiku 7-14 mbeu idzatha.
Kufesa mbewu
Mukamadzala loofah pa mbande, dziwani nthawi yomwe mbeu imadulidwa. Akakhala okonzeka, mukhoza kuyamba kufesa. Ngati mwapeza mapiritsi a peat pazinthu izi, ziyenera kuyambitsidwa bwino musanakhale kutupa.
Kenaka mubzalani mbewu ku 2 masentimita. Chikho chapamwamba chokhala ndi piritsi yomwe ili ndi mapangidwe ofanana kuti apange wowonjezera kutentha.
Ngati mukukonzekera kudzaza tangi ndi nthaka yokonzekera yokonzeka, kubzala kwachitidwa mofanana ndi momwe zinalili kale. Pambuyo pomaliza ntchito, onetsetsani kuti mukuphimba mphika ndi filimu kapena chivindikiro cha pulasitiki.
Kumera zinthu
Ndikoyenera kuyika "wowonjezera kutentha" pawindo lakumwera, kumene kuli nthawi zonse kutentha komanso kuwala. Pewani zojambula pafupi ndi kutsegula mpweya. Mubwino nyengo, mbande ayenera kuonekera 3-4 masiku.
Ndikofunikira! Ngati simukutsegulira mbewu za loofah tsiku ndi tsiku poyendayenda, nthaka mu chikho idzaphimbidwa ndi nkhungu.
Kusamalira mmera
Luffa mu kubzala ndi kusamalira ali ofanana ndi nkhaka. Dzungu lopanda chitukuko choonjezera likusowa chinyezi. Koma chinthu chachikulu - musachigonjetse.
Mbewu zazing'ono ziyenera kuthiriridwa pokhapokha pamene gawo la pamwamba la gawoli liuma mu chikho. Mulimonsemo simungabweretse ku dera lamadzi.
Kutentha mu chipinda chomwe loofah imakula chiyenera kukhala madigiri 20 osachepera. Liana mwamsanga imapita ku kukula ndi malo am'chipinda amakula mpaka May. 
Mbeu zovuta
Kuphuka kwakukulu kuyenera kuumitsa, mwinamwake muzovuta kwambiri. Kuumitsa koyamba ndi kofunika kuti uchite tsiku lotentha lotentha pambuyo pa 4 koloko madzulo. Panthawi imeneyi, mpweya wakunja umawongolera mokwanira, ndipo mbewuyo sichidzapweteka.
Ndibwino kuti mutenge chomera kunja tsiku ndi tsiku. Ngati mukukonzekera kudzala luffa pa kanyumba, ndikukula mbande mumudzi, muziika miphika pa khonde kapena zenera. Kutseguka, mbande ndi nthawi zingasiyidwe kwa maora asanu ndi asanu ndi awiri. Izi zokha ziyenera kuchitidwa pang'onopang'ono.
Mukudziwa? Mu chipatso ndi masamba a loofah, vitamini A ndi imodzi ndi hafu nthawi zoposa kuposa kaloti.
Kubzala mbande pamalo otseguka
Thermophilic moydodyr munda ndi wovuta kwambiri kusintha kwa nthaka, nyengo ndi chisamaliro. Tiyeni tione zolakwa zazikulu za anthu a m'nyengo ya chilimwe ndikuwonetsetsani momwe mungabzalitsire loofah molondola. 
Nthawi zabwino zokhalapo
Tsamba lachisanu likamafika pa liana, ndi nthawi yokweza mbeu kuti zitsegule pansi. Ndikofunika kulingalira kutentha kwa masana kunja, chifukwa chikhalidwe cha otentha sichitha kusinthidwa mpaka kuzizira.
Ndi zofunika kuti thermometer ifike pamwamba pa 15 ° C, ndipo nyengo yofunda imakhazikika pabwalo. Gulu lathunthu, yikani kuti musamukepo kale kuposa May.
Kusankha malo oti akule
Ndi bwino kuyang'ana pang'onopang'ono pa malo otsekemera a loofah, ngakhale pamene mbande zimakhuta ndi kutentha pawindo. Ndipo zonse chifukwa padzakhala ntchito yovuta yokonzekera asanaikidwe.
Zomwe zili bwino komanso zotetezedwa ku mphepo zakumpoto ndi dera la drafts zingasangalatse malo otentha a liana. Ndi zofunika kuti panalibe mitengo pafupi, chifukwa, kukwera pa iwo, mpesa umamatira ku chipatso, motero, iwo amavunda pa thunthu.
Ndikofunikira! Luffa sidzala kumadera ndi nyengo yamvula yozizira.
Nthaka imafunika ndi asidi osalowerera, opindulitsa ndi zakudya zowonjezera, mwangwiro, nthaka yosasuntha kapena nthaka yamchenga. Ngati palibe, muyenera kuwongolera dera losankhidwa.Posankha malo opiritsa mbande, ndiyeneranso kulingalira otsogolera ndi kubzala mbewu pafupi. Luffa savomerezedwa kuti muzuke pambuyo pa mavwende ndi maungu - ali ndi chosowa chofanana cha chakudya komanso zomwe zimakhudza tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Malo okonzekera musanadzalemo
Ntchito yonse yokonzekera pa malo osankhidwayo ikuphatikizapo kukumba dothi, kuthira feteleza, ndi, ngati kuli koyenera, kusintha, komanso kumanga chithandizo cha mpesa. Choyamba muyenera kukumba pa tsamba ndikuyang'ana pH zomwe zimachitika.
Pochita izi, mungagwiritse ntchito vinyo wosasa, kuwuwaza pa clod ya padziko kuchokera pansi pa masentimita 20. Nsalu ndi chithovu zimasonyeza malo amchere.
Mavitamini ochepa kwambiri amawasintha ndi ufa wa dolomite, fumbi la simenti kapena laimu wamba. Kuyambira 150 mpaka 300 g ya zinthu zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa mita imodzi.
Mukudziwa? Mafuta ochapa a luffa samtengo wapatali chifukwa cha chirengedwe, komanso kuyeretsa khungu ku maselo wakufa komanso kusamba modzidzimutsa.
Mosasamala kanthu za nthakayi, malo okonzedweratu amamera ndi michere yokhala ndi 1 chidebe cha humus (chingasinthidwe ndi kompositi), 2.5 supuni ya superphosphate ndi supuni imodzi ya urea ndi potassium sulphate. 
Ngati nthaka ndi mchenga, muyenera kuwonjezera humus. Pa dothi lolemera, mchenga wa mtsinje, nkhuni zolimba ndi kompositi zidzafunika. Pamene ntchito yonse itatha, mukhoza kuyamba kukhazikitsa trellis kapena thandizo lina. Izi ndizofunika kuchita tsopano, chifukwa mwamsanga mutatha kuziika chikhalidwe chiyenera kumangirizidwa.
Kubzala mbande: ndondomeko ndi kuya
Mukudziwa kale kuti lyuffa ndi liana ndipo ikukula bwino. Mu nyengo yathu, zimayambira zimatha kufika mamita 7 mu msinkhu.
Choncho, mutabzala, ndikofunika kuyang'ana mtunda wa pakati pa zomera. Agronomists amalangiza kubwerera mpaka 1 mamita.
Kufika kumachitika m'zitsime, kuzama ndi kupingasa kwake kuli kofanana ndi bayonet. Pansi perekani chisakanizo cha gawo limodzi la humus kapena kompositi ndi mbande zozikika. Pa nthawi imodzimodziyo, m'pofunikira kusamala galasi ndikukankhira kunja ndi mpira wouma ndi nyongolosi.
Zimakhala zophweka kwambiri kuchita izi ngati zili ndi mapiritsi a peat. Tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tiike mphukira ku masamba osungunuka.
Ndikofunikira! Popanda kuvala kawirikawiri, mpesa udzataya kukongoletsa kwake. Masamba adzakhala otumbululuka komanso opanda moyo.
Kodi mungasamalire bwanji loofah?
Siponji wamaluwa, ngati nkhaka, imakhala ndi chinyezi chokwanira, kutentha kwambiri, kudyetsa nthawi zonse, chithandizo chodalirika ndi kukonzanso chitsamba. Tidzamvetsetsa zonse mu dongosolo.
Ndizosangalatsa kuphunzira za kulima kwachilendo kunyumba: medlar, strelitzia, okra, zizifus, ufiti wouluka.
Kuthirira
Luffa amakonda mpweya wambiri ndi nthaka. Choncho, ndi zofunika kuulirira kumunda wamaluwa kapena kumangidwe kwa mvula. Chiwerengero cha madzi a zomera chimadalira maonekedwe a nthaka ndi nyengo. Nkofunika kuti dothi la pamwamba likhale lonyowa pang'ono, koma osati loweta. Mwamsanga mutatha kuziika, mbande zingamwe madzi kamodzi pa sabata, ndipo pamene mpesa umamasula, madzi amachiritso amakula.
M'tsogolomu, onetsetsani kuti pali zitsime zapistvolny. Zomwe zinachitikira alimi alimi amalangiza kuthirira baka katatu mlungu uliwonse kuyambira June mpaka zaka khumi zachiwiri za September. Kenaka kuthirira ndi kuchepetsa kuchepetsa nyengo yokula. Malingana ndi akatswiri, chinyengo chimenechi chimapangitsa kuti zipatso zifulumidwe.
Thirani madzi ambiri sikofunikira. Mzu wa exot uli pamtunda, monga sikwashi, kotero zikwanira kuti zilowerere 15-20 masentimita. 
Ndikofunikira! Pamene kutentha kwa usiku kumadutsa kufika madigiri 5 Celsius, zipatso zonse ku loofah zimafunika kuchotsedwa. Apo ayi, chifukwa chogonjetsedwa, amayamba kukhala osayenera kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito.
Kudyetsa
Pakati pa nyengo chomeracho chikusowa pafupifupi feteleza asanu. Amathera mwezi uliwonse ndifupipafupi kawiri. Monga ulamuliro, iwo amagwiritsa ntchito mizu njira, kuthirira baka kusungunuka mu 1 lita imodzi ya madzi 1 makilogalamu a mullein ndi 250 g nkhuni phulusa.
Mwinanso, mungagwiritse ntchito kulowetsedwa kwa udzu wobiriwira kapena manyowa a nkhuku, okonzedwa mu chiŵerengero cha 10: 1. Komanso mchere wokhala ndi nitrogeni woyenera wa tiyipiketi awiri a urea ndi ndowa.
Kusinthanitsa ndi kumanga chitsamba
Luffa imafuna kuchitapo kanthu nthawi zonse pokonzekera. Kuti zipatso zikhale mofanana, zimalimbikitsa kuchotsa mbali zamkati ndikuphwanya mphukira yapakati pa mamita 4.
Komanso, kuyambira m'ma June, ovary owonjezera ayenera kuchotsedwa. Akatswiri amalangiza kuti asiye 5-8 Zelentsov, kuti ena asatope. 
Garter ku chithandizo
Ngati zipatsozo zili zofooka ndikuyamba kuwonongeka pa mpesa, samverani zomwe zimakulirakulira. Choyamba, zibonga zokula zikuyenera kumangirizidwa nthawi zonse kuti zithandize. Chachiwiri, ndikofunika kuwongolera mpesa kuti ovary atsekerere ku trellis. Pomwepo ndiwo zamasamba zidzakhala zazikulu komanso.
Mukudziwa? Zipatso loofah akhoza kusungidwa kwa zaka zingapo.
Kukolola
Zomera zazing'ono zophika zimachotsedwa ku mipesa, popanda kuyembekezera kukula kwawo. Ndiye nsongazo mu chipatso ndi zofewa komanso zosangalatsa kwa kukoma. Ngati mwaphonya nthawi yoyeretsa, musayese mbale kuchokera ku loofah. Akazi ogwira ntchito amadziŵa kupanga masitonkeni ozizira m'nyengo yozizira.
Ngati mukufuna kukonza zovala, chotsani ndiwo zamasamba zokhwima. Pamwamba pawo khungu lofiirira kwambiri. M'kupita kwa nthawi, imatha kuuma ndipo imachoka mosavuta, imasiya zouma. Mukhoza kuthira masamba mumadzi otentha kwa mphindi 20 kuti muthamangitse makungwa. Mkatimo amatsukidwa m'madzi otentha ndi zouma.
Nsalu yotsukayi idzakhala yosatha kwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Kukolola mbewu, masamba obiriwira amafunikanso. Amasonkhanitsidwa mu October. Chizindikiro cha mbewu yakucha ndikumveka kodabwitsa mkati. 
Mitundu ya loofah
Asayansi amasiyanitsa zokha makumi asanu zokha za loofah, koma kuchokera ku mitundu yosiyanasiyana yokha ya ostrorebristaya ndi mitundu yachitsulo imayambika mu chikhalidwe, chifukwa mitundu ina ndi yaing'ono kwambiri.
Luffa akuthwa (Luffa acutangula) ndi liana yobiriwira yomwe ili ndi zipatso zazing'ono mpaka mamita 35 m'litali. Zomera zimasiyana ndi mawonekedwe a khunyu ndi khungu loyera komanso khungu lokonzeka. Kulichotsa ilo ndizosatheka. Mitunduyi imalimidwa makamaka kuzipatala, ndi masamba ochepa okha akufika ku khitchini. 
Mukudziwa? Kwa zaka zambiri, zisanafike, zipangizo za loofah zinagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mafuta ndi mpweya.
Chidziwikiritso cha mipesa iyi ndikuti imatha pachimake usiku, motero, ndipo imawombera usiku. Agronomists amavomereza kuti mitunduyi ndi yopanda ulemu, imasinthika mosavuta ku nthaka iliyonse ndipo imakhala yovuta kwambiri ndi tizilombo tozilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Luffa yachitsulo Amalimidwa makamaka pokonzekera nsalu zamasamba. Mu moyo wa tsiku ndi tsiku, umatchedwa "uterine". Zosiyanasiyana zimakhala ndi zipatso zazikulu ndi kutalika kwa masentimita makumi asanu ndi awiri ndi masentimita makumi asanu ndi awiri (70 cm) ndi chikopa chofewa, chokongola ndi khungu lofewa. 
Ntchito ndi ntchito
Mungathe kuyankhula za ubwino wa luffa kwa nthawi yayitali, chifukwa asayansi lero sadziwa kanthu za makhalidwe oipa a zomera.
Koma zatsimikiziridwa kale kuti nsalu zamasamba zopangidwa kuchokera ku ulusi wa masamba obiriwira zimayambitsa magazi, sizimayambitsa matenda okhudzidwa ndi khungu, zimakhala ndi mpweya wothamanga ndipo zimathandiza kuthetsa mavuto a cellulite ndi otambasula.
Mukudziwa? China, Thailand, Japan, America, Central Asia, Indonesia, India ndi omwe amapanga ofa kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi.
Ophika, ojambula ndi madokotala amalankhula bwino za masamba osangalatsa. Mwachitsanzo, oyamba adaphunzira kuphika zosaoneka bwino zochokera ku thupi, maluwa ndi masamba.Otsindikawo amanena kuti kuthekera kwa mbewu kumaloko kumadzinyidwanso. Kuchokera ku nsonga za chipatso, mukhoza kupanga makapu apadera, nyali za miyala, mabala a maluwa, zojambula, komanso mipando.
Kwa anthu omwe amadziwa zambiri zokongoletsera, luffa ndi chirengedwe chenicheni cha amayi. Iye, ngati mpesa, m'manja opambana a ambuye angasanduke chinthu chosayembekezereka, koma chosadziwika.
Madokotala amalankhula za machiritso a chikhalidwe. Madzi ake angagwiritsidwe ntchito pochiza conjunctivitis, vuto la khungu, kuchepa magazi m'thupi, matenda a nasopharyngeal ndi mapapo. Komanso amadziwika kuti antipyretic, tonic ndi immunostimulating zotsatira za loofah. 
Amishonale amalankhulanso za ubwino wa zomera. Pogulitsa mungapeze mankhwala ambiri pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ochotsera ndi olema.
Mwachionekere, iwo adzakamba za luffa. Padakali pano, tiyeni tisamaone ngati chilengedwe chimatipatsa kukongola, chisangalalo chauzimu ndi thupi. Kuwona zonse zomwe tatchulazi, mudzalandira zokolola zabwino kwambiri ndikuonetsetsa kuti ndizosiyana.
