Gulu Kulima

Nkhono za broilers (kapena mitanda) zimagwirizanitsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nyama, zomwe zimatchuka kwambiri m'mapulaseri ndi m'minda yayikulu. Phindu la kubereketsa broiler limafotokozedwa ndi kulemera kwao: mu miyezi iwiri munthu akufika kupha kulemera kwake. Kukula ndi kusunga mitanda kumakhala kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa kubereketsa nkhuku zambiri.

Ng'ombe zoweta kunyumba kwa oyamba kumene ndi bizinesi yopindulitsa, ngati n'zotheka kupereka zopereka kwa banja, ndi zina zotsala kugulitsa ndi kupanga phindu. Kuyambira alimi molakwika aganize kuti ng'ombe zoberekera nyama monga bizinesi ndizovuta komanso zosautsa. Koma ndi bungwe loyenera ndikutsatira zofunikira pa chisamaliro, bizinesi idzakula, kubweretsa ndalama.

Kwa nthawi yaitali, ng'ombe ya ku Russia idatchedwa namwino wonyamwitsa, ndipo chuma cha banja lachilendo chinatsimikiziridwa ndi chiwerengero cha zinyama zodabwitsa izi. Zambiri zasintha kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, koma kubereketsa ng ombe kumakhalabe chitukuko cha ziweto. Ndikofunika kwambiri kuzindikira mtundu wakuda ndi woyera, wapezeka mogawidwa kwambiri m'dziko lathu, ku Ukraine ndi Moldova.

Golshtinsky (Holstein-Friesian) ng'ombe za mkaka - imodzi mwa otchuka komanso yotchuka kwambiri padziko lapansi. Walandira mowonjezereka kwambiri ku USA, Canada, mayiko ena a ku Ulaya, koma tsopano akukula mwakuya kumadera ena a dziko lapansi. Nkhani ya maonekedwe a mtundu wa Holstein Zosangalatsa izi zimakhala ndi mbiri yosangalatsa.

Ng'ombe za Jersey, zomwe zimadziwika kwambiri padziko lapansi, ndizofanana ndi malingaliro a mlimi omwe ali ndi mtundu wabwino komanso wopindulitsa. Mphamvu zake ndizoti ngakhale nyengo yovuta ya ku Russia ingakhale imodzi mwa mafuta abwino kwambiri-mkaka mitundu ya mchere padziko lapansi. Mbiri Yachidule Tsamba lakale limeneli linawonekera pa chilumba cha England cha Jersey mu English Channel, chomwe chinapatsa dzina.

Nkhokwe za Aishirskoy zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuswana kumpoto. Nyama izi sizilola kutentha ndipo zimatha kuchita popanda chakudya cholimba. Amaonedwa ngati okhwima ndi chaka chachiwiri cha moyo. Mbiri ya abambo Kwa nthawi yoyamba mtundu uwu wa ng'ombe unachokera ku Scotland. Chifukwa chake, dzina lake limachokera ku nyumba ya ku Scotland yotchedwa Scottish.

Pestrus ya ku Russia yofanana ndi yochokera ku gulu la mlimi wina wa ku Austria kapena ku Belgium akufotokozedwa kuti makolo amtundu wotchuka ku Russia ndi ku Ulaya amadya pamphepete zonunkhira za Swiss Alps. Mbiri ya mtundu wa mtunduwu Dzina lake "Simmental breed" ndi la ng'ombe zokha zomwe zimayanjanitsidwa ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yomwe imapezeka ndi Oberland yaikulu ya Berneni.

Ngati kukonzekera kwa famu ndiko kupanga mkaka, chisankho chokonzekera ndi kulima ng'ombe yotchedwa Red Steppe breed ng'ombe ndi njira yabwino komanso yothandiza. Kwa zaka zambiri, pafupifupi zaka 200 zomwe zimachitika pa kuswana ndi zootechnical ntchito ndi mtundu zimatsimikizira izi. Mbiri ya mtundu wofiira wotchedwa Red Steppe Kuberekera kumeneku ndi dera lakumwera kwa Ukraine.

Nyama yokonzedwanso nthawizonse yakhala yamtengo wapatali kuposa yogulitsidwa, makamaka chifukwa cha khalidwe lake lapamwamba ndi limene linatchulidwa phindu la thanzi laumunthu. Alimi omwe amapanga bizinesi yawo yokonza ng'ombe, amasankha kuti azisankha zoweta zamtunduwu, zomwe zimadziwika ndi kusintha kwakukulu kwa nyengo zosiyanasiyana komanso zokolola zabwino.

Ng'ombe za mtundu wa Yaroslavl zimasiyana ndi mtundu wawo wakuda. Mkaka wawo uli ndi mafuta okwera kwambiri, kalori yapamwamba. Kuchita mafakitale, mkaka wapamwamba wamakono wapangidwa kuchokera ku mkaka wa ng'ombe za Yaroslavl mtundu: kanyumba tchizi, kirimu wowawasa, tchizi ... Mbiri ya mtunduwu Mitundu ya Yaroslavl ya ng'ombe inamera m'zaka za zana la 19.

Pa liwu lakuti "ng'ombe", ambiri a ife timalingalira kukongola koyera ndi koyera kokhala ndi ubweya wofewa kwambiri. Umu ndi momwe mapiri a mapiri - oimira mtunduwo, mmodzi mwa atatu otchuka kwambiri ku Russia, akuwoneka ngati. Ng'ombe za kholmogory zimayendetsedwa bwino ndi nyengo yoziziritsa, ndipo mkaka wawo uli ndi mafuta okwera kwambiri komanso abwino kwambiri.

Mbuzi za Zaanensky mwachindunji zimatenga malo oyamba pakati pa mitundu ya mkaka bwino komanso zokolola zabwino. Malo amtundu umenewu ndi malo ochepa otchedwa Zaanen, omwe ali ku Bernese Alps ku Switzerland. Mtundu umenewu unaperekedwa ku Exhibition ya Paris World mu 1856. Chakumapeto kwa 1905, mbuzi zaanensky zinabweretsedwa ku Russia.

Nkhuku zinyama zosakaniza - broilers - zimasiyana ndi mbalame zachizoloŵezi zowonjezera zowonjezera mphamvu ndi chakudya chochepa mtengo pa 1 makilogalamu a phindu. Kukula nkhuku za broiler m'munda ndizopindulitsa. Amaphedwa chifukwa cha nyama atasungidwa kwa miyezi 2.5. Poyang'anira bwino, kulemera kwa nkhuku panthawiyi ndi 1.4-1.6 kg.

Nthawi ndi nthawi ya moyo wa akalulu zimadalira kwambiri zikhalidwe za nyama ndi mtundu wa chakudya. Koma izi sizingowonjezereka. Mtundu uliwonse uli ndi ziwerengero zake zokhazokha. Zotsatira za mtundu wa moyo wa akalulu Mwachilengedwe, akalulu amakhala mocheperapo kusiyana ndi anzawo okongoletsera.

Ng'ombe ziri ndi phindu lapadera, ndipo izi zikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa nyama ya mbalame zazing'ono ndi mazira awo ang'anga. Zikuoneka kuti kukulitsa iwo kunyumba n'kosavuta, koma choyamba tikusowa khola, lomwe tiyesa kufotokoza. Malo osungiramo zinziri angapangidwe, opangidwa ndi plywood komanso pulasitiki, kotero kuti kusankha malo a zinziri ayenera kunyalanyazidwa mosamala, makamaka pogwiritsa ntchito zamoyo zabwino za mbalamezi.

Nchifukwa chiyani kubereka zinziri chaka chilichonse kumakhala kotchuka kwambiri? Chifukwa cha mtengo wotsika wa mazira a zinziri ndi kuthamanga mofulumira kwa anthu akuluakulu, iyi ndi imodzi mwa malo opindulitsa kwambiri pa ulimi wa nkhuku zapakhomo. Tidzakambirana za momwe tingagulire, kukula ndikusunga bwino oimira abalewa omwe ali ndi nthenga.