Mbali za sayansi ya kukula kwa broilers kunyumba

Nkhono za broilers (kapena mitanda) zimagwirizanitsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nyama, zomwe zimatchuka kwambiri m'mapulaseri ndi m'minda yayikulu. Phindu la kubereketsa broiler limafotokozedwa ndi kulemera kwao: mu miyezi iwiri munthu akufika kupha kulemera kwake.
Kukula ndi kusunga mitanda kumakhala kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa kubereketsa nkhuku zambiri. Chifukwa cha nkhaniyi, tiphunzira kulima broilers kunyumba.

Zizindikiro, kusiyana ndi zovuta za zomwe zili

Nkhumba ndi wosakanizidwa wa nkhuku zodyerako zomwe zimabzalidwa poyenda mitundu ingapo. Miphinjiko imasiyana ndi mbalame zomwe zimakhala zikukula msinkhu. Chifukwa cha kupha koyambirira, ma broilers sakhala ndi moyo mpaka kuyambika kwa dzira.

Mundandanda wa zizindikiro zina, pali:

• kukula kwakukulu (mazira - mpaka 6 kg, nkhuku - 4-5 makilogalamu);
• Mapiko ndi mapazi amfupi;
• kupindula kwakukulu;
• chochita zofooka;
• kufunika kwa chakudya.

THANDIZANI! Mosiyana ndi nkhuku zapakhomo, ma broilers amakula makamaka ali osayenera. Tekesi yamakono ikukula bwino. Kusunthira pang'ono ndi kuwala - zinthu zofunika pa umoyo ndi kukula kwa anthu payekha.

Zovuta zokhudzana ndi zomwe zili m'mabukuwa zimakhala ndi zofuna zapadera pamtanda. Nkhuku ziyenera kusungidwa m'chipinda momwe kutentha kwa mpweya sikumachepera madigiri 30. Kuyambira sabata yachiwiri, chiwerengerochi chacheperachepera 26. M'masiku oyambirira a moyo, nkofunika kuti kuwala mu nkhuku nkhuni nthawi zonse.

Chofunika chokonzekera bwino ndikutulutsa mpweya wabwino komanso ukhondo, popeza kuti mafutawa samasunthira kwambiri, ndipo madontho amadzimadzi amachititsa matenda owopsa.

Mawu ochepa pamiyala

Mosiyana ndi zochitika zowonongeka, broiler si mtundu, koma subspecies. Chaka chilichonse, obereketsa amagwira ntchito yobzala zipatso zatsopano. Kuti muchite izi, sankhani mbalame zazikulu, zosagonjetsa komanso zathanzi. Pa chaka chatha mitundu itatu yapangidwa.

1. COBB-500. Mitanda iyi imakhala ndi kulemera kochepa kwa masabata asanu (akulemera 2-2.5 makilogalamu). Zofunika - khungu lachikasu, matenda osakaniza, kupulumuka kwakukulu. Nkhuku zimakhala ndi paws lalikulu komanso zazikulu.
2. ROSS-308. Mitunduyi imadziwika ndi kukula kwakukulu: kwa tsiku nkhuku ikupeza 40-60 g. Nyama ndi yochepa kwambiri kuposa ya COBB, koma bere ndilophweka.
3. ROSS-708 - mtsogoleri mndandanda wa mitundu yatsopano. Achinyamata m'mwezi woyamba akulemera makilogalamu 2.5. Mtundu wa khungu uli ndi tsitsi lachikasu.

Kodi mungasankhe bwanji mazira abwino?

Chimodzi mwa zigawo zofunika pakukula mitanda - kusankha mazira apamwamba kwambiri. Alimi odziwa ntchito amalangiza kugula mazira pa sing'anga-kakulidwe wosanjikiza.msinkhu wake sayenera kupitirira zaka ziwiri (zaka zabwino kwambiri ndi miyezi 8-10). Dzira losakaniza lili ndi mawonekedwe olondola, mthunzi wunifolomu ndi kulemera kwake. Ndibwino kuti musankhe mazira omwewo - ichi ndi chitsimikiziro cha maonekedwe a nkhuku imodzimodzimodzi.

Kuyika mu chofungatira sungakhoze kutenga mazira akulu - ali ndi chipolopolo chochepa, chomwe chingapangitse ming'alu yaing'ono. Ndipo kupweteka pang'ono mkati mwa dzira (kwa bere) kumalowa mosavuta.

Sungani mazira asanayike mu chofungatira sichikhoza kukhala masiku oposa atatu. Nthawi yayitali imayambitsa chiopsezo chokhala ndi zosiyana zosiyanasiyana mu thanzi la achinyamata. Ndi bwino kuti alimi a nkhuku asagule mazira, koma anapiye akale - izi zidzasunga nthawi, ndalama ndi mphamvu zowonongeka.

Mphamvu

Kukula anthu kuti adye nyama kumafuna kusamalidwa bwino ndi chakudya, kudya zakudya zoyenera komanso kutsatira maola masana. Panthawi yolemera, mitanda imayenera kudya zakudya zabwino. Kutsupa kumafunika kuyambira masiku oyambirira a moyo wa nkhuku. Mazira ndi mazira owiritsa angaperekedwe kwa achinyamata, kuyambira tsiku lachinayi la moyo, amadyera ndi phala ayenera kuwonetsedwa. Nkhuku zambiri zimadyetsedwa chakudya, zowonongeka, mchere.

Kusamalira nkhuku

Posankha nkhuku, ndibwino kuti musankhe kusankha kwa anthu omwe ali kale masiku khumi. Mitanda ya tsiku ndi tsiku ndi yovuta kulekerera kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka zinthu komanso kuyendetsa nthawi yatsopano.

Zaka kuchokera ku zero masiku

Chinthu choyamba chomwe chimakoka chiyenera kutuluka pambuyo pake ndizochepa zopuma za madzi okoma. Mu 1 lita imodzi ya madzi ofunda ayenera kuchepetsedwa 1 tsp. shuga ndi madzi nkhuku. Ndiye muyenera kuwapatsa gawo la dzira yophika. Maziko a zakudya mu masiku asanu oyambirira ndi kanyumba kakang'ono kamene katsamba, zakudya zosakaniza ndi mazira. Makina a potassium permanganate ayenera kuwonjezeredwa ku madzi akumwa. Mosiyana, kawiri pa nthawiyi, anapiye ayenera kupatsidwa mankhwala amadzimadzi a shuga.

Masiku 10-20

Chakudya choyamba choyamba chakudya. Perekani kwa anapiye mu mawonekedwe ouma ndi kuwonjezera masamba, buttermilk kapena yogurt (anyezi chiŵerengero ndi kudyetsa 1:20). Chives ali ndi antiparasitic pamatumbo. Pakapita nthawi, chiwerengero cha zobiriwira zomwe zimadya chiyenera kufika 10.

Mukhozanso kusakaniza zipolopolo zowonongeka, kaloti wothira mu chakudya. Kuyambira masiku khumi muyenera kuteteza katemera odwala matenda opatsirana. Pofuna kupewa matenda a coccidosis tsiku la 14, baycox amalowetsedwa m'thupi (1 g pa 2 malita a madzi).

Pakati pa masiku 10 mpaka 14, mwayi wokhoza misala ndi wapamwamba. Kuti mumve mankhwalawa, m'pofunika kugwiritsa ntchito maantibayotiki masiku 4. Madzi akumwa ayenera kuwonjezera mazira amodzi a ayodini. Pambuyo pomaliza ma antibiotic, muyenera kupuma kwa masiku atatu, ndiyeno perekani makina a multivitamin kwa munthu aliyense.

Nkhuku za mwezi uliwonse

Pa msinkhu uno, nyama zinyama zimasamalidwa ku chakudya cha granulated (mumapangidwe ake, tirigu, mapuloteni, amino acid). Mbewu sizimachotsedwa ku zakudya.

Njira yowonjezereka yopangira chakudya - kukonzekera mosakaniza:

1. Njere zosweka (tirigu, balere, nandolo mofanana);
2. nsomba mafuta;
3. nsomba kapena fupa;
4. madontho ochepa a whey kuti asungunuke.

Onetsetsani zosakaniza mpaka zosalala. Kenaka yikani akanadulidwa amadyera (anyezi, kabichi, letesi) kwa osakaniza. Kutentha kwabwino m'nyumbayo kwa anapiye mwezi uliwonse ndi madigiri 23, kutalika kwa masana ndi maora 14.

Tsiku la 45-50

Makamaka tirigu wonse amadyetsamonga chakudya chophatikizana chikuwonetsa molakwika kukoma kwa nyama. Thirani tirigu mu nkhoswe yofunikira pamodzi ndi zipolopolo, choko. Pakapita masiku angapo, ndibwino kuphika phala kuchokera ku nsomba zing'onozing'ono, zitsamba, tirigu (zigawo zolimbikira mpaka maola atatu). Kuchokera masiku makumi asanu ndi limodzi (45) sikuletsedwa kupereka mankhwala othandizira mankhwala.

Achikulire achikulire omwe amafika kunyumba

N'zotheka kukula anthu akuluakulu m'njira zambiri, zomwe zimakhala ndi maonekedwe awo. Kukonzekera kwa broilers nthawi zambiri kumagwiritsidwa ntchito osungirako kapena zolembera zapadera.

Ma makilogalamu

Njirayi ndi yabwino yokwanira yopereka mitanda m'madera ochepa (m'dziko, pabwalo). Mabililers ali ndi chikhalidwe cha phlegmatic ndipo nthawi zambiri amamva mu malo olimba. Zomwe munthu mmodzi ali mu khola sizingapindule kuchokera ku zoyenera ndi zaukhondo (ngati munthu wina akudwala, matendawa amafalikira kwa gulu lonse).

Kuchuluka kwa kubzala broilers mu khola ayenera kukhala motere:

• nkhuku - anthu 18 pa 1 sq. m;
• mbalame zazikulu - mitu 9 pa 1 sq.m.

Ndikoyenera kupanga maselo kuti asunge 3-5 mitanda mkati mwawo. Mu khola limodzi simungasunge mitu yoposa 10. Mbalame ziyenera kukhala ndi mwayi wopeza panthawi imodzi. Lembani izo ku khoma la kutsogolo, botolo la madzi liyenera kuikidwa pamwamba pa wodyetsa. Onetsetsani kuti muwachotse iwo kuti athe kuloleza. Maselo amaloledwa kubwereranso, koma musanayambe kuyika kachilombo katsopano ndikofunika kuti muwagwiritse ntchito ndi kuwasakaniza.

Mu khola

Katsamba kamodzi kokha ndi koyenera njira imeneyi, yomwe mbali ina ya deralo imakhala ndi khoka lopangidwa bwino. Anthu osaposa 10 ayenera kuikidwa mu khola limodzi. Ngati zinyama zikuluzikulu, pa khumi iliyonse gawo limodzi limapangidwa. M'kati mwa cholembera muli ndi oledzera ndi feeders. Pansi tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tiphimbidwe ndi chisakanizo cha utuchi, chips ndi peat. Sikofunika kugwiritsa ntchito udzu, chifukwa ukhoza kuyambitsa kuphulika kwa aspergillosis.

Malangizo Oyamba

Sizomveka kusungira broiler kwa miyezi iwiri, pamene kukula kumachepetsanso, ndipo kusowa kwa chakudya kumapitirira. Nyama imadya chakudya chambiri, nyama yake imakhala yosauka komanso yovuta kwambiri pa nthawi.

Kukula kwa miyezi isanu ndi iŵiri kumaperekedwa kwa ana okha. Pazinthu izi, anthu omwe ali ndi thanzi labwino (omwe ali ndi akazi awiri ndi awiri) ayenera kusungidwa.

Ndi chiyaninso china chofunikira kuti Newbie adziwe:

1. Chofunika pa chipinda - kutentha, kuuma, kuyala pabedi pansi.
2. Nthawi zonse kukonza nyumbayo. Khoma ndi zitsulo ziyenera kuchitidwa ndi mandimu kapena mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
3. Zakudya zabwino ndi tsiku la regimen.
4. Katemera wa panthawi yake.

Kudyetsa Zambiri

Kunyumba kuswana mbalame imadyetsedwa chakudya, popeza lili ndi zinthu zofunika kuti zikule bwino. Mabililers amadya bwino chonyowa ndi shuga, osokoneza. Miphambano imasiyanitsidwa ndi kudya mosasamala: ikhoza kudyetsa zonyansa. Chikhalidwe chofunika ndi chakudya chatsopano (chakudya sayenera kukhala chowawa mu wodyetsa).

N'zotheka kulimbikitsa kukula mothandizidwa ndi yisiti yosakaniza - njere imasakaniza yisiti yowuma ndipo imaphatikizapo maola 7. Kuwonjezera kalori ayenera kuwonjezeredwa dzungu, mbatata.

Pa mndandanda wa mankhwala oletsedwa ku mayiko ena, otsatirawa amasiyanitsa:

• mchenga;
• chakudya chotha msinkhu;
• mkate watsopano;
• mbatata yophika mwapadera.

THANDIZANI! Kuti nyama ya broiler ikhale yachikasu, kuyambira masabata atatu a moyo wawo, chimanga chiyenera kuyambitsidwa kudya (35% mwa chakudya chonse).

Kudyetsa mbalame mumafuna madzi abwino ndi osasinthika (madigiri 20-22), kupezeka kwakumwa kuchokera kwa munthu aliyense kumakhala kosalekeza. Pakuti mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda amatha kuwonjezeredwa ku makina osakaniza a potaziyamu permanganate.

Matenda

Chifukwa cha chitetezo chofooka, mitanda imakhala yotenga matenda osiyanasiyana. Pofuna kupewa kutayika kwa ziweto, nkofunika kupanga katemera, kuyang'anira ukhondo wa nkhuku, ndikudzipatula anthu osasunthika komanso osadulidwa panthaŵi yake.

Ndi matenda ati omwe ali pangozi:

1. Arthritis. Kulemera kofulumira kumayambitsa vuto limodzi. Chifukwa china cha chitukuko ndi zofooketsa zamagetsi. Chizindikiro - "kugwa pazanja zake." Mukhoza kuchiza matendawa ndi ampicillin.
2. Hetericosis Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda - m'mimba. Mungathe kuwachotsa mothandizidwa ndi Piperazin.
3. Ascites - kuchuluka kwa minofu m'mimba. Chifukwa cha chitukuko ndi zakudya zosayenera. Kupewa matenda ndikowonjezera kuchuluka kwa masamba atsopano mu chakudya.
4. Matenda a chideru (kapena pseudotum). Matenda opatsirana omwe angathe kupha gulu lonse m'masiku angapo. Ma specimens amaoneka kuchokera kumtomo, kutentha kumatuluka, nthenga zimakhala ndi maonekedwe osokonezeka. Matendawa samachiritsidwa, chiwerengero chopewa - katemera wokha.
5. Matenda a Marek. Pali kugonjetsedwa kwapakatikati. Miphambano kugwirizanitsa kumasokonezeka, pali kusokonezeka. M'gulu la anthu omwe ali ndi chiopsezo kuyambira masabata atatu mpaka miyezi isanu. Kupewa - katemera (mphamvu ya njira 95%).

Monga bizinesi: phindu ndi phindu

Mabililers akhoza kuphedwa kwa masiku makumi asanu (pa msinkhu uwu kulemera kwake kwa mbalame ndi makilogalamu 4-5). Nkhuku ya nkhuku idzakhala yopindulitsa pamaso pa atsogoleri 300, koma ngakhale mtengo wa famu yaing'ono ikhoza kubweza chaka. Chikhalidwe chachikulu ndi kufufuza kwazitsulo zogulitsa komanso zizindikiro zapamwamba.

Mtengo wa gulu la zinyama 100 zikuwoneka ngati izi:

• Kuwombera mlandu - ruble 15,000;
• zipangizo za nkhuku - 50,000;
• ziweto zimagula - mpaka 70,000.

Kuyambitsa malonda mu bizinesi kudzakhala osachepera 150,000 rubles. Mtengo wa mtembo umodzi pamsika uli ndi makoswe 200, ndipo chombocho chingagulitsidwe kwa 150. Pogulitsa mitu 100, mutha kupeza 16,000 pa mwezi. Kuchotsa ndalama ndi misonkho, khoka lopindula kwa mwezi umodzi ndi 8,000-12,000 rubles. Boma lalikulu ndi phindu lalikulu ndizotheka ndi gulu la 600 kapena kuposa.

Mitsinje - malo apadera a nkhuku, omwe amadziwika ndi kukula. Kukula ndi kutenthetsa mafuta kumakhala bizinesi yovuta, koma yopindulitsa. Mukamatsatira zofunikira ndi malamulo, misala idzakhala gwero la ndalama zokhazikika. Phindu lidzabweretsa chakudya chokoma komanso chodyera.