Nkhuku Zanyamula Mazira Oyera - Ameraukana Breed

Nkhuku za Ameraukana ndi imodzi mwa anthu ochepa omwe amabwera mazira a buluu. Mtundu wochuluka wa mazira, kukoma kwa nyama ndi kukolola kwakukulu kwathandiza chikondi cha mtundu uwu pakati pa alimi a nkhuku ndi ogulitsa padziko lonse lapansi.

Ameraukana (Ameraucana) amachokera ku kusanganikirana kwa mawu a America ndi mayina a mtundu wa nkhuku za Araucan.

Mitunduyi inalembedwa ku United States of America mwa kudutsa ma Araucana omwe amatchulidwa kale komanso nkhuku za m'deralo zaka za m'ma 1900 za m'ma 1900. Cholinga chachikulu cha izi chinali kuwonetsetsa kwa World Fair ku Montreal mu 1967, pamene nkhuku zomwe zisanachitikepo zodzala ndi mazira a buluu, azitsamba ndi azitsamba zinabweretsedwa ku North America. Mwalamulo, American Poultry Association inalandira mtundu wa Ameraukana wokha mu 1984.

Ambiri amakonda Amphaukana Pasaka nkhuku chifukwa cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mazira awo. Zoona zake n'zakuti ku United States amatchedwa nkhuku zonse zomwe zimanyamula mazira achilendo. Mawuwa akukwiyitsidwa ndi akatswiri omwe ali m'munda wa nkhuku, popeza mtundu wa nkhuku za Ameraukan ndi wapadera, uli ndi miyezo yapamwamba ndi zofunikira kuti zikhale kunja kwa anthu, kuphatikizapo mawonekedwe, kulemera kwake, mtundu, makutu, ndi chisa.

Ameraukana

Ameraukana ali ndi mitundu yambiri, lero bungwe la American Poultry Association limadziwika bwino mitundu 8: wakuda, woyera, wofiira, wabuluu, siliva, tirigu, tirigu-buluu, wakuda. Palinso mitundu ina, kuphatikizapo lavender.

Kuwonjezera pa mtundu waukulu, palinso amamera amitundu yosiyanasiyana, okongoletsera Ameraukana - bentam (Bantam).

Maonekedwe a Ameraukana ali ndi zotsatirazi:

• Mbalame zimakhala ndi zowonongeka kwambiri ndipo zimatsika thupi lonse, zimakhala ndi mbali zosiyana ndi ndevu, zomwe zimapanga magulu atatu a nthenga ndi kubisa mutu wawo.
• Miyendo yambiri, yayitali, yayitali, yofiira, yoyera, yabuluu kapena imvi, 4 zala zakutsogolo.
• Maso ali aakulu, amaonetsa mtundu wofiira wofiira.
• Chimake cha mawonekedwe a mtola chikufanana ndi mapiri a mapiri, omwe amayamba kuchokera pamlomo ndipo amatha pamwamba pa mutu. Pakatikati pachitundacho ndi chapamwamba kuposa pambali.
• Mapuloteni ndi ochepa, ovunda, ofiira a mtundu wofiira, mumatumbo mtunduwo umatchulidwa kwambiri kuposa nkhuku.
• Mchirawo ndi wautali wautali, womwe uli pamtunda wa madigiri 45, mu makoko uli ndi mawonekedwe a mphuno yozungulira.
Pa tsamba lathu mukhoza kuona zithunzi zazikulu za nkhuku za Minorcan. Kuti muchite izi, tsatirani chiyanjano pamwambapa.

Koma za momwe mungamere nkhuku za broiler zomwe zafotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane apa: //selo.guru/fermerstvo/soderzhanie/brojleru-v-domashnih-uslovijah.html.

• Mlomowu ndi wamphamvu, wokhota.
• Mapikowa ndi aakulu kwambiri, okonzeka bwino, omwe amalola Ameraukana kuthawa.
• Mtundu wa mazira ndi wosiyana, womwe nthawi zambiri umapezeka mumtundu wa buluu, koma palinso imvi, buluu, yobiriwira, ya bulauni, ya pinki ndi ya azitona.

Zida

Maluso:

• Mbali yofunika kwambiri ya nkhukuzi ndi mazira osiyanasiyana. Ndizowonjezera, chifukwa nkhuku yomweyi ikhoza kunyamula dzira la mitundu iwiri ya buluu ndi ina, kuchokera pa mitundu yomwe ili pamwambapa.
• Nkhuku imayamba kusaka miyezi 5 mpaka 6 atabadwa.
• Ameraukana ali ndi zokolola kwambiri - dzira lawo limapanga mazira 200 mpaka 250 pa chaka. Kukonzekera kumatenga zaka 2.
• Nkhuku ndi zinyama zimapezeka mofulumira kwambiri minofu, nyama imakhala yoyera, imakhala ndi kukoma kwake, imakumbutsa zinziri mulawa ndi fungo.
• Ameraukana ndisavuta kusunga.
• Chifukwa cha nthenga zawo, mbalame ndizolimba kwambiri ndipo zimatha kulimbana ndi chisanu mosavuta. Chabwino kupirira kuzizira konse ndi kutentha.
• Ameraukana ali ndi chidziwitso chokhazikika.

Kuipa:

• Pa zovuta zowonongeka zingadziwike kuti ndizomwe zimakhala zochepa kwambiri za chitukuko cha makulitsidwe.
• Zingakhale zosachitika zosavuta ndi Ameraukan mazira ku mbalame zina, komanso chidani kwa anthu. Ndibwino kuti tipewe nyama zoterezo.

Chokhutira ndi kulima

Ambiri amayesa ngakhale m'minda yaing'ono, kapena akukweza nkhuku. Komanso, chisankhocho chikuyang'ana kwambiri pa Ameraukana, omwe kutchuka kwawo kukukula m'dera lathu.

Kuphweka kwa kukula ndi kusunga Ameraukan kuli chifukwa cha zinthu zingapo:

• Chikhalidwe cha mtundu uwu chimasintha ndi kusamalira bwino.
• Ali ndi umunthu wawo, jaunty, playful, nthawi zambiri amasonyeza ubwenzi ndipo amadziwika ndi eni ambiri monga ziweto.
• Kukula ndi kukula kumakhala kochepa, choncho ndi oyenera kukula m'minda yaing'ono ndi malo otsekedwa.
• Nkhuku zimakula mwamsanga ndipo zimakhala ndi chitetezo champhamvu.
• Kukonzekera kwa nkhukuzi kumathandizanso kuti pasakhale matenda enaake, omwe amakhala vuto lalikulu pakukula mitundu ina.

Chithunzi

Mu gawo ili la nkhani tikukupatsani zithunzi zambiri za mtundu wabwino kwambiri. Pa chithunzi chimene mumawona woimira mtundu woyera:

Ndipo apa mkazi wachizungu akunyada akuyenda yekha:

Amuna wakuda mu khola, yang'anani pa kamera akudodometsedwa:

Ndipo apa inu mukuwona tambala yayikulu:

Iye ndi dongosolo lalikulu chabe. Chithunzi chojambulidwa m'bwalo lachinsinsi:

Malamulo oyambirira a chisamaliro

Nkhuku zakhazikitsidwa mu February - kumayambiriro kwa March zimatengedwa kukhala zothandiza kwambiri.

Kupeza ndi kuyenda

• Nthawi yabwino kwambiri yogula nkhuku ndi osachepera masiku 14.
• Kugula nkhuku sikuyenera kukhala pamsewu, koma kwa alimi a nkhuku, makamaka kumangoyang'ana kumalo. Nkhuku zogulidwa pa msika zitha kukhala zowonongeka komanso zodwala, zidzakuvuta kuti muzisunga moyo wawo masiku oyambirira pamalo atsopano.
• Poyenda, tengani bokosi lofewa mwakulumikiza pansi ndi pepala lolimba. Peŵani kukhala ofewa kwambiri - pamtanda wosasunthika, nkhuku zidzatha kukumana ndi kuvulazana.

Kagulu kakang'ono

• Mukabweretsa nkhuku m'nyumba, ziikeni mu khola lalikulu, lomwe lidzakula kwambiri kuyambira masiku oyambirira.
• Samalani kwambiri kwa mbalame zakumwa - ndi bwino kugula izo mu sitolo yapadera. Ndi bwino kumamwa madzi mowa wotere, koma sikumangoyenda pansi. Pansi panthaka ndizofunika kusunga nkhuku. Gwiritsani ntchito utuchi woyeretsawu, nthawi zonse muwone kuti iwo akuwonongeka - anapiye adzakhala ofunda ndi owuma. Ngati mulibe utuchi, mukhoza kuika peti youma.
• Alimi ena a nkhuku amagwiritsa ntchito mipando kuti amere nkhuku za Ameraukana. Pali ubwino ndi zovuta. Mafinyawo ndi opunduka pang'ono, palibe vuto la madzi pansi, koma chakudya chomwe chimachokera kwa wodyetsa chimatuluka mu khola.
• Amapiri a Ameraukana amafunika kutentha ndi malo, choncho khola ndi aviary ziyenera kukonzekera pasadakhale, kuti danga lizitha. Kutentha kwakwanira kumafunika malo ogona, wodyetsa ndi nkhokwe ayenera kuikidwa padera, ndi kutenga theka la malo pansi pa paddock.
• Sungani magetsi maola 24 pa tsiku kuti anapiye akule mofulumira. Mu mwezi mudzatha kuyamba kuwaphunzitsa usiku, kutseka magetsi nthawi ya 9 koloko madzulo komanso kuphatikizapo 6 koloko m'mawa. Koma malinga ngati ali aang'ono komanso ofooka, amafunika kutentha nthawi zonse.

Tsarskoye Selo mtundu wa nkhuku ndi mmodzi mwa wamng'ono kwambiri ku Russia. Zambiri za ziyambi zomwe zimawerengedwa pa webusaiti yathu.

Sikuti aliyense amadziwika ndi chipangizo chotsekera choyenera m'nyumba. Koma amene awerenga nkhaniyi akudziwa ndithu.

Mphamvu

• Chakudya chabwino cha Ameraukana chidzakhala chakudya choyambira, ngakhale mutha kukonzekera chakudya. Pochita izi, sakanizani mapira, balere, tirigu, chimanga, mkate wa mpendadzuwa. Ngati premix simungathe kugula, mukhoza kuyimitsa ndi nsomba zowonongeka bwino monga sprat.
• Chakudya chiyenera kusungidwa mu ndalama zochepa. Mwamsanga pamene anapiye adya chirichonse, onjezerani zambiri. Chinthu chachikulu ndichoti mabwinja mu nkhokwe sagwidwa.

Kumwa

Kudyetsa nkhuku ziyenera kukhala madzi otukuka. Osati kutsanulira madzi mwachindunji kuchokera kumsampha wamadzi kupita ku khola lakumwa, mugwiritsire ntchito madzi oyeretsedwa kapena mosamala kuteteza madzi a pompopu.

Makhalidwe abwino

Ndi kosavuta kumvetsetsa ngati nkhuku zanu zili bwino. Ngati iwo ali chete, chirichonse chiri bwino. Ngati iwo ali gulu, kuzizira. Chakudya - njala. Ngati mutachoka kutentha - zikutanthauza kuti kutentha kumakhala kochepa, kuchepetsa kutuluka kwake.

Chofunika kwambiri m'miyoyo ya nkhuku awo masabata 10 oyambirira, omwe amapanga mafupa ndi minofu. Pambuyo pake, kulemera kwake kwa mbalame kudzawonjezeredwa mwamphamvu, chakudya chambiri chidzawonjezeka ndi masabata 15 a moyo. Panthawi imeneyi, nkofunika kuyendetsa chiyanjano cha kulemera kwa ziweto zonse, kufufuza momwe nkhuku iliyonse ikufikirira kumadyetsa ndi kumvetsera kwambiri za ubwino wa chakudya.

Ngati mwasamba Ameraukana mowirikiza ndipo chiwerengero cha anapiye amaposa zana, ndizomveka kukonzanso nkhukuzo, kuzigawa m'magulu awiri - akulu ndi anthu ang'onoang'ono.

Kukonzekera kumeneku kudzakuthandizani kukwaniritsa zofanana pakukula nkhuku, magulu adzasungidwa ndi kudyedwa mosiyana. Popeza Ameraukana nthawi zina amasonyeza chikhalidwe chosangalatsa, pangakhale atsogoleri angapo mu gulu lalikulu. Adzatenga chakudya kuchokera ku nkhuku zofooka, motero kuchepetsa kulemera kwake kwa ng'ombe. Mukawauza gulu lalikulu, mutulukamo mudzatenga nkhuku zolemera zofanana.

Ndikofunika kudyetsa akuluakulu a Ameraukan kawiri pa tsiku - m'mawa ndi madzulo, ndi maola 7-8. Mukasankha chakudya, perekani chakudya chophatikizana pamodzi ndi kuwonjezera kwa nkhuku kapena nsomba - ndibwino kuti nkhuku ndi nkhuku zikuluzikulu zikhale zabwino.

Kawirikawiri, ngati muli ndi chidziwitso choweta nkhuku, kusunga Ameraukana sikungakupatseni vuto losafunikira, sikokusankha ndipo sikufuna kudandaula kwambiri.

Zizindikiro

Kulemera kwa moyo:

• Tambala wamkulu - 3 - 3.5 makilogalamu.
• Nkhuku wamkulu - 2 - 2.5 makilogalamu.
• Chotupa cha Bantam - 850-950 g.
• Chicken Bentham - 750-800 g.

Kulemera kwa mazira:

• Nkhuku wamkulu - 60-64 g.
• Bentham - 40-43 g.

Kuchita:
Mazira 200-250 pachaka.

Kuyimira mphete:

• Kwa tambala ndi nkhuku - 20/18 mm.
• Bentham - 14/12 mm.

Kodi ndingagule kuti ku Russia?

Mpaka pano, kulima Ameraukana ku Russia sikunayambe kufalikirapo ndipo pakalipano pakapezeka alimi a nkhuku zapadera komanso m'minda ya kumudzi.

Mitundu yowonjezereka ndi zofanana

Ameraukana ndi imodzi mwa nkhuku zomwe zimanyamula mazira a buluu. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, ndi nkhuku zobala Legbar ndi Araucana.

Araucana iwo amasiyanitsidwa ndi "ndevu" zodabwitsa - mabulu omwe amachoka m'makutu, komanso kusowa kwa mchira. Mbalamezi ndi pafupifupi omnivorous, zomwe zimapangitsa kukhala kosavuta kusunga.

Nkhuku yachitatu ya nkhuku zanyamula mazira a buluu - Legbar. Alimi a nkhuku amawakonda kuti azikhala osamala komanso amasangalala. Nkhuku zimakhala bwino kwambiri kuika nkhuku za mazira akuluakulu. Kuchokera ku nkhuku imodzi pachaka mukhoza kukwera mpaka 240. Zolemera zamoyo za Legbar ndi 3.2 - 3.4 kg, nkhuku - 2.2 - 2.7 kg. Chibadwa cha kugwilitsa ntchito sichikuyenda bwino.

Nkhuku za Easter zomwe zimanyamula mazira amitundu imatchedwanso nkhuku za Maran. Koma mazira a Maran si a buluu, koma chokoleti. Nkhukuzi ndi zazikulu komanso zopindulitsa, chifukwa zimakonda kwambiri alimi a nkhuku. Mazira a mazira ndi 160-200 mazira pachaka. Kulemera kwa miyendo ya Maran ndi 3-4 makilogalamu, nkhuku 2.5-3 makilogalamu.

Pakati pa dzira ndi mitundu ya nyama zatsimikizira okha nkhuku Bielefelder. Makhalidwe awo ali ofewa, amalekerera nyengo yozizira kwambiri. Mazira a mazira ndi mazira 180-230 pachaka. Kulemera kwa miyendo ya Bielefelder ndi 3-4 makilogalamu, nkhuku 2.5-3.5 makilogalamu.

Tikukhulupirira kuti nkhani yathu idzakhala yothandiza kwa inu, kukuthandizani kupanga chisankho chabwino ndikubweretsa bwino muzochita zanu!