Rhododendrons si zitsamba zazikulu kwambiri, zomwe zimadziwika ndi kukongola kwakukulu kwa maluwa, amatha kukongoletsa dera lililonse. Amakhala odzikuza, osasamala komanso ozizira. Kuti muchotse kukula ndi kutalika kwa chitsamba choterocho, ndikofunikira kutsatira malamulo osavuta osamalira, kudulira ndi kuvala pamwamba, komanso nthawi zina chomera. Kuika kolondola ndikofunikira, koma osati kovuta kwambiri, ngati mukudziwa zovuta ndi malingaliro onse.
Thirani Rhododendron mu kasupe ndi nthawi yophukira: zomwe zili bwino
Kuthamangitsidwa kwa tchire la Rhododendron kupita kumalo atsopano kapena koyamba kuyimitsidwa kumachitika zonse mu kasupe ndi nthawi yophukira. Inde, ndikofunikira kusunga malamulo osavuta.
Rhododendrons - chosangalatsa chokongoletsa m'mundamo
- Pakatikati, kuphatikizika kwa Rhododendron kumachitika malinga ndi dera lomwe likukula kuyambira Epulo mpaka Meyi. M'malo otentha pang'ono kale (Njira yapakati), komanso m'malo otentha pang'ono (Siberia, Ural, etc.).
- Mu nthawi yophukira, ndibwino kuti ndikasendeza kuyambira Seputembu mpaka pakati pa Okutobala kuti ndikagwire isanafike chisanu choyamba.
- Mitundu yowoneka bwino ya zitsamba ndiyabwino kubzala kapena kuilika kokha mchaka, kuti ikhale ndi nthawi yozika bwino ndi kupulumuka nyengo yozizira.
- M'madera osintha kwamphamvu kutentha ndi kukhalapo kwa kutentha kwambiri, kuyika ndi kubzala ndibwinonso kuchitidwa kasupe, pofuna kusintha nyengo.
Zofunika! Mwatsatanetsatane simungathe kusokoneza chomera nthawi yamaluwa ndi milungu iwiri itatha.
Zomwe mungasankhe malo osinthira
Rhododendrons imakhala ndi mizu yopanda dongosolo komanso samalekerera chinyezi chambiri, choncho ndizosatheka kuwabzala m'malo osasunthika a pansi, m'malo otsika kapena madambo. Ndikofunikanso kuganizira kuti shrub ndiwokonda mthunzi chabe, kotero kuti mbali yakumpoto kapena kummawa kwa malowo ndi malo abwino kubzala, popanda dzuwa mwachindunji kuyambira masana.
Kubzala tchire pansi pa mitengo yayitali kwambiri, koma kokha ndi mizu yakuya, yokhala ndi ndodo, ndi yankho labwino, apo ayi Rhododendron sangakhale ndi thanzi lokwanira. Zomera zabwino zoyandikana ndi ma conifers amtali.
Ku funso loti kodi ndizotheka kubzala ma rhododendrons padzuwa: kusankha kotereku ndizotheka, koma pokhapokha ngati kuwala kwadzuwa sikungagwere pa chomera kuyambira 11 koloko mpaka 4 p.m. Rhododendron imayenererana ndi kuwala kapena shading yowala. Kuphatikiza apo, mitundu yodziwika bwino imakonda kuwala kwadzuwa kwakukulu kuposa kutalika kwamtambo.
Zofunika! Ndikofunikira kusankha malo obzala pomwe kulibe mphepo yamphamvu, apo ayi mbewuyo singakhalepo m'nyengo yozizira.
Malo oyimapo oyipa adzakhala malo otseguka ndi mphepo zomwe zikuwomba, komanso malo omwe ali pafupi ndi nyumba momwe amakhala ndi zojambula pafupipafupi - ngati chomera sichivutika kwambiri ndi chilimwe, ndiye kuti nthawi yozizira imakhala pangozi yozizira kwambiri.
Kukonzekera dothi ndi akasinja osinthika
Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuganizira mtundu wa dothi la Rhododendron limakonda: zokonda zimaperekedwa ku dothi acidic, ndi pH kuyambira 3 mpaka 4.5. Nthaka ya peat ndiyo njira yabwino yothetsera, koma mutha kukonzanso gawo lapansi. Zofunikira kwambiri ndi kupuma komanso ngalande, chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuonetsetsa kuti nthaka ili yomasuka.
Kutengera mtundu wa dothi patsamba, gawo lapansi limapangidwa m'njira zosiyanasiyana:
- ngati loam, chisakanizo cha peat yamahatchi, humus, singano za paini komanso dothi laudzu bwino ndizoyenera, pomwe gawo la peat liyenera kukhala lalikulupo;
- dothi lamchenga, gawo la loam, peat ndi humus limakulanso.
Chimodzi mwazinthu zabwino kwambiri zosakanikirana ndi ma rhododendrons, osatengera mawonekedwe a dothi lalikulu, ndi peat, humus, singano ndi mchenga pazowerengera 3: 2: 1: 1. Sichosangalatsa kuwonjezera mafuta okwana 40 magalamu a michere ya mchere ndikuphatikiza bwino.
Ndikofunikira kudziwa! Ndowe, utuchi, chernozem, peatots zamtundu ndi masamba sizingawonjezeredwe pazigawo za Rhododendrons.
Zikatero kuti bizinesiyo ichitika osati pamalo otseguka, koma pakufikira, ndikofunikira kusankha kukula kwake kutengera kukula kwa mizu, + 20-30% ya voliyumu. Izi zimakuthandizani kuti mupitirize kukula kwa mizu. Ndikofunika kupereka ngalande zabwino kuti musasungunuke madzi ndikuwonongeka kwa mizu.
Kusankhidwa kwa oyandikana ndi mtunda wophatikizika
Kuti tchire likule komanso kukula bwino, ndikofunikira kusankha malo oyenera ndi "oyandikana" abwino.
Malo oyandikana nawo angakhale akubzala pafupi ndi conifers monga larch, spruce kapena pine. M'mundamo, mitengo ya maapulo, mitengo ya chitumbuwa, mapeyala ndi mitengo yazipatso ndi malo abwino okhala.
Zofunika! Mwapang'onopang'ono ndizosatheka kuyika mbewu pafupi ndi nsapato, malaya, mapu, zikwangwani ndi lindeni.
Mbali ina yofunika kuilingalira mukadzala mtunda pakati pa ma rhododendrons ndi oyandikana nawo. Chifukwa chake, kuchokera ku nyumba ndizofunikira kubwereza osachepera mita imodzi ndi theka, kuchokera pamitengo yayikulu ndi zitsamba - osachepera 2 metres. Pakati pa tchire lokha, mtunda wa 1.5-2 mita uyenera kusamalidwa.
Mapulogalamu Atsatane-tsatane
Momwe mungagwiritsire rhododendron kumalo atsopano
Choyamba, muyenera kukumba dzenje loyenerera la Rhododendron: kuya kwake kuyenera kukhala pafupifupi 30-50 masentimita, kutengera kukula kwa mizu, ndipo m'lifupi muyenera kukhala masentimita 50-80. Wotunga madzi amathira pansi pa dzenjelo, kenako mmera umayesedwa: kuti mizu ya chomera siidzakonkhedwa ndi nthaka, kotero iyenera kukwera 3-5 cm pamwamba pamtunda wa padziko lapansi.
Tisanatulutsire chitsamba cha Rhododendron kupita kwina, ndikofunikira kuti inyowetsa mizu yambiri: ngati mbewa yauma bwino, ndiye kuti iyenera kuyikidwa mumtsuko wamadzi kwa ola limodzi kapena awiri, mpaka thovu lakuyamwa litayimilira kuchokera kumizu.
Dzenje lomalizidwa limathiridwa ndi madzi kuti nthaka isungunuke, kenako chitsamba chimabzalidwa ndikuthira gawo lapansi. Mtengowo umathiriridwa kwambiri pagawo loyandikira - ngati dothi limafota, ndiye gawo lapansi limawonjezeredwa pamlingo wofunikira.
Zofunika! Gawo lomaliza ndi mulingo wokwanira dothi kuchokera pa singano za paini, peat kapena masamba okhala ndi wosanjikiza mpaka masentimita 6. Chomera chongokulidwa kumene chimasungidwa kwa masiku 7 mpaka 14, ndipo ngati chimphepo chimathandizira mphepo.
Kusamutsa kwachiwiri kupita kumalo kosatha
Rhododendrons kulekerera zimzake bwino, mu zaka zoyambirira za moyo, monga mu msinkhu okhwima. Nthawi zambiri, mutamera tchire laling'ono kunyumba, mbewuzo zimabzalidwa pa kakhalidwe kakang'ono kuti zikule ndikupeza mphamvu, ndipo kwa zaka 3-4 za moyo zimabzalidwa pamalo okhazikika okula.
Mosasamala kuchuluka kwa zosunthira, zofunikira pazomwezo ndizofanana, kotero kusintha kulikonse kumachitika molingana ndi algorithm wamba.
Momwe mungadyetse mbewu
Rhododendron ikasinthidwa, feteleza wocheperako amamuwonjezera kale panthaka. Chovala chotsatira chapamwamba chimachitika masabata 3-4 mutabzala, pomwe chomera chimayamba kuzika.
Chapakatikati, maluwa asanadutse, mbewu zimagwidwa ndi manyowa osakanikirana - chakudya chamafuta, manyowa owola theka kapena ng'ombe yamphongo. Mutha kukakamira manyowa kwa masiku 3-4 m'madzi, kenako kuthilira nthaka mozungulira tchire ndi kuperewera, koma yambani kunyowetsa nthaka ndi madzi osavuta.
Ma feteleza achilengedwe omwe mulibe chlorine - superphosphates, nitric, phosphoric, ndi zinthu zina za sodium monga potaziyamu, calcium, ammonium, ndi magnesium - amathandizira pakukula komanso kukula kwa zitsamba.
Zofunika! M'chilimwe, kuyambira pakati pa Juni mpaka Seputembala, kudya sikuchitika.
Kubwezeretsa kolondola ndiye chinsinsi cha kukula bwino, kutulutsa ndi maluwa kuthengo
Zovuta ndi zovuta
Ndi njira yabwino, palibe zovuta zomwe zingachitike, makamaka ngati mumaganizira nthawi yomwe mungasungire Rhododendron kuchokera kumalo amodzi kupita kumalo ena, komanso komwe kuli tchire.
Zofunika! Limodzi mwa malangizowa omwe angathandize kupewetsa mavuto ndi kusamala kwa kayendedwe ka mkati mwazomera: mukamakuzungulirani, muyenera kuganizira momwe chithunzicho chimayendera pang'onopang'ono ndikuziyika m'malo mwatsopano m'malo omwewo - izi zimachepetsa kupsinjika ndikukulolani kuti muzolowere mwachangu.
Vutoli limakhala lofanana kwambiri ndi lamaluwa nthawi zambiri kukumba chitsamba kuchokera pamalo omwe muli, kotero ndibwino kutsatira malangizo osavuta:
- nyowetsani nthaka m'nthaka musakakumbe mbewuyo;
- kumasula pansi ndi pitchfork mosamala kapena kukhazikika kuchokera pansi pa chitsamba mpaka 80 cm;
- gwiritsani ntchito chingwe chokumbira kuti muzungulire dothi lozungulira 100 cm kuchokera khosalo ndikufika 30-30 cm.
Mtunduwu umatengedwa kuti usawononge padziko lapansi komanso mizu yofalikira ya chitsamba. Kenako chitsamba chimatha kuchotsedwa bwino ndikuchotsedwera kumalo atsopano. Ngati pali mizu youma - amatha kuduladula, koma chinthu chachikulu sikukulepheretsa mizu yafota wamba.
Kodi ndingasunthire liti Rhododendron kupita kwina? Ngati yakula kwambiri kapena ikufunika malo abwino, kapena mungathe momwe mungafunire. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya maodindo a Rhododendrons ndi amodzi amodzi - saopa kusinthika, ndipo mukatsata ukadaulo wosavuta, mbewuzo zimakhalabe zoyamika ndipo zimakondwera ndi maluwa obiriwira kwanthawi yayitali.
