Mu ulimi, ndizosatheka kuchita popanda zipangizo zamakono. N'zoona kuti mukakonza malo ang'onoang'ono, simungafunike, koma ngati mukugwira nawo ntchito zosiyanasiyana zokolola kapena kulera zinyama, zidzakhala zovuta kwambiri popanda mawotchi. M'nkhani ino tikambirana imodzi mwa matrekita otchuka kwambiri apakhomo, amene wakhala akuthandiza alimi kwa zaka zambiri. Inde, tikukamba za tekitala T-150, zomwe zimathandiza kuti alemekezedwe konsekonse.
Talakita T-150: kufotokoza ndi kusinthidwa
Musanapitirize kufotokozera chitsanzo, ziyenera kukumbukira kuti Pali matembenuzidwe awiri a thirakita T-150. Mmodzi wa iwo ali ndi njira yopitilira, ndipo yachiwiri imayenda mothandizidwa ndi galimoto. Zonsezi ndizofala, zomwe makamaka chifukwa cha mphamvu zawo, zodalirika ndi zosavuta kugwira ntchito. Matrekta onsewa ali ndi kayendedwe kamodzi, kamene kali ndi injini ya mphamvu yomweyo (150 hp). Ndipo bokosi la gear lomwe liri ndi magawo ofanana.
Mukudziwa? Choyamba thirakitala T-150 chinatulutsidwa ndi Kharkov Tractor Plant pa November 25, 1983. Mbewu yokhayo inakhazikitsidwa mmbuyo mu 1930, ngakhale lero ili ngati nthano yamoyo ya Soviet (tsopano Chiyukireniya) engineering. Kampaniyo inangopitilizabe kupikisana, koma inakhalanso ndi nyengo yatsopano, yomwe idalola kuti ikhale malo oyenera mu makampani opanga matakitale ku Ulaya.
Zomangamanga zimakhala ndi T-150 ndi T-150 K (gudumu version) zofanana kwambiri, zomwe zikufotokozedwa ndi zigawo zofanana zofanana. Momwemonso, zipangizo zambiri zopangira zosinthika ndi magudumu zimasintha, zomwe zimakhala zogwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito zipangizo mu famu kapena m'mabungwe ogwirira ntchito. Tiyeneranso kukumbukira kuti thirakitala yotayira T-150 K, yomwe imatha kuyenda mofulumira kumadera alionse, yakhala ikufala kwambiri kusiyana ndi yotsatizanayo.
Mu ulimi, nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito monga njira yoyendetsera kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka ntchito. Chida chogwiritsira ntchito T-150 tekitala (kusinthidwa kulikonse) chinapangitsa kukhala wothandizira pa nthaka processing m'madera osiyana kwambiri a Ukraine ndi Russia, ndipo atapatsidwa kusintha kwa magawo, zikanakhala chisankho choyenera kukonzekera famu ndi makina awiriwo.
Zida za thirakitala ya t-T-150
Talakita yothamanga T-150 imabweretsa mavuto ochepa panthaka, zomwe zinapindula chifukwa cha matayala omwe ali nawo ofanana kwambiri a kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo kwa magudumu. Anatenganso malo ake pa ntchito yaulimi pamtunda wa T-150 ngati bulldozer, koma amapezeka mocheperapo kusiyana ndi talakita yomwe imatsatira.
Ngati tilankhula za maonekedwe a matakitale T-150, ndiye maziko a chisilamu chake ndi "kuswa" chimango, chomwe chimatchedwa dzina lake chifukwa chakuti zigawo zikhoza kutembenukira wina ndi mzake mu ndege ziwiri, zomwe zimaperekedwa ndi kukhalapo kwa njira. Kuimitsidwa kwa kutsogolo kwazitsulo kunayambira, ndi kumbuyo kwa balancer. Mankhwala osokoneza bongo amadzimangirira pamabwalo amodzi omwe amatha kusonkhanitsa omwe akukonzekera kuti achepetse mphamvu yododometsa, kutsekemera ndi kugwedezeka pamene tekitala ikuyenda kumalo osagwirizana. Kuwongolera kwakukulu thupi la T-150, lomwe ntchito ya chisiki ikugwirizanitsidwa, ndilo gudumu.
Masakitala amakono a chitsanzo ichi adagonjetsa chimodzi mwa zolakwa zazikulu zadakonzedweratu - kukula kochepa kwa maziko, zomwe zinayambitsa "yaw" ya galimotoyo. Pa nthawi imodzimodziyo, kuwonjezeka kwa kukula kwa gudumu m'ng'anjo yam'mbuyomo kunathandiza kuchepetsa kupsyinjika kwa misewu pansi ndikupanga kuyenda kwa zipangizozi mosavuta.
Zida zogwiritsira ntchito thirakita T-150 zinali zogwira ntchito Choncho, kuyambira 1983, pafupifupi chilichonse chasintha. Kupachika zigawo zina za thirakitala pamapangidwe a chipangizo chachiwiri chokhala ndi zigawo zitatu. Ndi chithandizo chawo, tekitala ikhoza kuwonjezeredwa ndi magulu aulimi ndi makina apadera (mwachitsanzo, khama, mlimi, mlimi, mchere wambiri, wothira, etc.). Kutenga mphamvu ya chiguduli kumbuyo kwa thirakitala ndi pafupifupi 3,500 kgf.
Tikayerekeza matrekta oyambirira a T-150 opangidwa mu USSR ndi mafakitale amakono, ndiye kuti mwina kusintha kwakukulu kukuwonekera pa maonekedwe a kabati. Inde, mu 1983, opanga zipangizo zosamalidwa pang'ono ndi chitonthozo cha anthu omwe angagwire ntchito, ndipo kuphatikizapo pang'ono pazinthuyi kunkaonedwa kuti ndizabwino. Masiku ano, zinthu zonse zasintha, ndipo nyumba ya tekitala yachizolowezi imakhala kale yosanjikiza pakatikati ndi zomveka, phokoso, hydro ndi kutenthetsa.
Kuwonjezera pamenepo, matakitala amakono amakonzedwa ndi kutentha, mawotchi, zitsulo zam'mbuyo ndi zoyera. Malo onse olamulira a T-150 thirakita (zonse zofufuzidwa ndi mtundu wamakutu) ndi zida zake zogwirira ntchito (kuphatikizapo bokosi la gear) ndizopangidwira bwino kuti dalaivala azigwira bwino ntchito. Mipando iŵiri yomwe ili mu kabichi imasinthidwa kufika pa dalaivala ndipo imakhala ndi kasupe kasupe.
Pokumbukira zonsezi, ndizotheka kunena molimba mtima kuti khalidwe lakumanga ndi chitonthozo cha mtundu watsopano, wamakono wamatologalamu a T-150 akulimbana ndi anthu a ku Ulaya.
Mukudziwa? Chifukwa cha chimodzi mwa zosinthika za tekitala T-150 zosiyana siyana zinamangidwa. Makamaka, malinga ndi izo, gulu la nkhondo la T-154 linatulutsidwa, lomwe nthawi zambiri limagwiritsidwa ntchito pochita ntchito zomangamanga komanso poyendetsa zida zopanda zida, komanso T-156, kuphatikizapo chidebe chothandizira.
Kufotokozera za chikhalidwe cha T-150
Kuti zikhale zosavuta kuti muganizire tekitala T-150, tiyeni timvetse bwino makhalidwe ake akuluakulu. Kutalika kwake ndi 4935 mm, m'lifupi mwake ndilo 1850 mm, ndipo kutalika kwake ndi 2915 mm. Kulemera kwa thirakitala T-150 ndi 6975 makilogalamu (poyerekeza: kuchulukana kwa gulu la nkhondo la T-154 kumayambira pambali ya T-150 ndi makilogalamu 8100).
Talakita ili ndi kutumiza mawotchi: magalimoto anayi patsogolo ndi magalimoto atatu ambuyo. Injini ya T-150 imakula makamaka 150-170 malita. pp., ngakhale kuti mphamvu za matrekita atsopano a T-150 nthawi zambiri zimadutsa miyezo imeneyi ndikufikira 180 malita. c. (pa 2100 mphindi). Magudumu ake ali ndi tchire (620 / 75Р26) ndipo amaphatikizidwa ndi matayala otsika kwambiri a ulimi, omwe nthawi zambiri amaikidwa pa matrekta osiyanasiyana (T-150 sichimodzimodzi). Kuchokera mu mtundu wa teknoloji zambiri zokonzedwa kuchita ntchito zokhudzana ndi dzikolo, ndiye liwiro lalikulu la T-150 ndiloling'ono, 31 km / h okha.
Zonsezi ndizofunikira kwambiri zomwe zimayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zilizonse, komabe mafuta omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi thirakita ndi ofunika kwambiri. Choncho, mafuta enieni pa T-150 ndi 220 g / kWh, omwe ali okhudzana ndi lingaliro la kupezeka pokhudzana ndi zipangizo zoterezi.
Kugwiritsira ntchito thirakitala mu ulimi, kufufuza mwayi wa T-150
Trakitala yotsatirayi T-150 Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pomanga maofesi a ulimi. Choncho, nthawi zambiri zidazi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito makina opangira zomangamanga, komanso kuyendetsa malowa, kupanga misewu yopita kumalo kapena kupanga zida zapakhomo m'nyumba. Matakitala amphamvu ndi odalirika T-150 amagwiritsidwanso ntchito kumangidwe kwa zinthu zachuma.
Kuwongolera kwa thirakitala, kuphatikizapo kuyenda kwakukulu kwa kayendetsedwe ka galimoto komanso kugwiritsira ntchito pendulum njira yotengeramo zinthu zina, zimalola kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zofesa, kulima, kukonza ndi kukolola. Komanso, mawonekedwe omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochita ntchito yokolola kumalo odyetserako ziweto, makamaka pakupanga kapena kudzaza maenje a silage.
Zochita ndi zomangamanga za thirakita T-150
Posankha njira yogwiritsira ntchito pa webusaiti yanu, nthawi zambiri timayenera kuyerekeza zosankha zosiyanasiyana, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimakhala zofanana. Kotero, nthawizina ngakhale zovuta ngati kukula ndi maonekedwe a gudumu zingathe kugwira ntchito yofunikira pa nkhani yosankha, ndipo apa muyenera kulingalira: kugula, mwachitsanzo, T-150 kapena T-150 K. Zina mwa ubwino wa chitsanzo chofotokozedwa ziyenera kufotokozedwa:
- kuchepa kwa nthaka (makamaka chifukwa cha mbozi zambiri), motero kuchepetsa kuvulaza padziko lapansi kawiri;
- katatu kuchepetsa zokopa komanso malo ambiri;
- Kuchepetsa 10% mu mafuta oyerekeza poyerekeza ndi mawonekedwe a gudumu;
- kuwonjezeka kwakukulu pa ntchito ya sayansi;
- kuwonjezeka kwa chitetezo cha anthu;
- Kutsika kwa mafuta komanso kuchepetsa kuteteza thirakitala.
Ziribe kanthu kuchuluka kwa tekitala T-150, ndipo ikulemera kwambiri, mulimonsemo padzakhala kuwonjezeka kuvala pamtunda, zomwe zili zosokoneza njirayi.
Kawirikawiri, thirakitala ya T-150 yakhazikitsidwa yokha ngati wothandizira wodalirika pakuchita ntchito zaulimi ndi zomangamanga, motero sizingakhale zosasangalatsa pa famuyo.
