Mazira ndi chakudya chodziwika, chifukwa cha kupezeka kwake ndi kosavuta kukonzekera. Timagula iwo m'sitolo ndi chidutswa, osati kulemera, kuphika maphikidwe amasonyezanso kuchuluka kwabwino (kupatulapo maphikidwe osadziwika ndi zovuta kupanga), chifukwa chake anthu sachita chidwi kwambiri ndi mankhwalawa. Pakalipano, ichi ndi chizindikiro chofunika chomwe chigawo chikudalira, choncho mtengo wa katundu.
Kodi dzira la nkhuku limalemera kangati?
Zogulitsa zoterezi sizimagulitsidwa kulemera, chifukwa:
- Chifukwa chapamwamba kuti iwo ali ndi kachilombo ka salmonella, izi ziyenera kutsegula dipatimenti imene zinthu zina sizikanagulitsidwa, ndipo wogulitsa sangagwire ntchito mofanana ndi dera lapafupi. Izi zingachititse kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa ndalama zogulitsa.
- Chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa chiwerengero chachikulu cha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi chipangizochi chidzawonjezera nkhondo yake komanso mtengo wa sitolo.
Komabe, kulemera kwa mankhwalawa n'kofunika kwa:
- Zophika - mu maphikidwe ena kukoma ndi kapamwamba kwa mbale kumatengera.
- Alimi - mtengo wa mankhwala ndi phindu kuchokera ku kugulitsa kumadalira pa izo.
- Ogula nthawi zonse amafuna kufufuza ngati mtengo wa mankhwalawo ukufanana ndi khalidwe lake.
Kuwonjezera pa mazira, eggshell imathandizanso katundu. Onetsetsani ubwino ndi kuwonongeka kwa zipolopolo za dzira, kaya n'zotheka kudya ndi momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito mankhwala achipatala.
Kukula ndi kulemera kwa mazira a nkhuku kumatsimikizira izi:
- Zaka za nkhuku - wamkulu ndizo, zazikuluzikuluzo.
- Malamulo ake - mbalame yaikulu imatha kukhala ndi zotsatira zowonjezera.
- Chiberekero - nyama imathamanga pang'ono.
- Zomwe zimayambitsa chakudya.
- Ndi nthawi ya chaka - m'nyengo yozizira, kuvala kumachepa.
- Mkhalidwe wa chilengedwe mderalo - nyengo yofunda imathandiza kuwonjezeka kuvala.
- Nthawi ya tsiku
Kudalira kwambiri kulemera pa gulu la dzira
Nkhuku za mazira ndizo mitundu:
- Zakudya - Ichi ndi chipangizo chatsopano chomwe chinawonongeka osati kuposa sabata imodzi yapitayi, chidziwika ndi chilembo D chofiira.
- Zipinda zodyeramo - patatha mlungu umodzi, mankhwala ogulitsa amasintha kalasi yake patebulo limodzi, kuikapo ziyenera kukhala ndi kalata C mu buluu. Sungani iwo kwa miyezi itatu mufiriji ndi mpaka masiku 25 popanda izo.
Ndikofunikira! Pamene mazira amasungidwa, madzi amatha kusanduka, kotero pang'onopang'ono amakhala ophweka. Chombo chomwechi, kuchoka ku zosiyanasiyana "Dietetic" ku zosiyanasiyana "Kudya" kudzakhala kochepa kwambiri.
Malingana ndi kulemera kwao, amagawidwa m'magulu otsatirawa:
- Pamwamba - chizindikiro "B" pafupi ndi makalata D kapena C.
- Kusankha - kutchulidwa "O".
- Yoyamba - ndi kulemba "1".
- Yachiwiri - ndi chizindikiro "2".
- Chachitatu - ndi chizindikiro "3".
Alimi omwe amapezekapo nkhuku amapeza zothandiza kudziwa chifukwa chake nkhuku zimanyamula mazira ang'onoang'ono, choyenera kuchita ngati nkhuku sizigwira bwino, komanso chifukwa chake nkhuku zimapanga mazira ndi zomwe mungachite.
Pali mitundu 4 yokha mu European Union:
- Kwakukulu Kwambiri - kotchulidwa "XL".
- Mkulu - wotchedwa L ".
- Zamkatikati - zolembedwa "M".
- Zing'onozing'ono - zotchulidwa "S".
Dzira lakuda
Mu mawonekedwe ake opangira, mankhwalawa ali ndi misa yotsatirayi:
- Gulu lapamwamba - kuchokera 75 g mu chipolopolo, kuchokera 66 g popanda shell.
- Kusankha - kuchokera 65 g mu chipolopolo, kuchokera 56 g popanda.
- Yoyamba - kuchokera ku 55 g mu chipolopolo, kuchokera ku 47 g popanda izo.
- Yachiŵiri - kuchokera 45 g mu chipolopolo, kuchokera 38 g popanda izo.
- Chachitatu - kuchokera 35 g mu chipolopolo, kuchokera 30 g popanda izo.
Mazira owopsa ndi gwero lapadera la zigawo zothandiza kwambiri. Ganizirani mwatsatanetsatane ubwino ndi zowawa za nkhuku yaiwisi ndi mazira a zinziri.
Kodi chipolopolo chimakhala chiani mu dzira limodzi?
Chipolopolocho ndi pafupifupi 12% peresenti ya mankhwala, mwa magalamu, ziwoneka ngati izi:
- Gulu lapamwamba kwambiri - kuchokera 9 g.
- Kusankha - 7-9 g.
- Yoyamba - 6-8 g.
- Yachiŵiri - 5-7 g.
- Chachitatu - 4-5 g.
Mtundu wa chipolopolo sukhudza kukoma, zosiyanasiyana kapena mtundu wa mankhwala, zimadalira mtundu wa nkhuku.
Mukudziwa? Ku US, nkhuku za nkhuku zinamangidwa, zomwe zimatengedwa ndi mazira ndi zobiriwira, zofiira ndi zachikasu, pamene zolemba zawo zimakhala zofanana.
Ngati manyowa ndi nthenga zikuphatikizidwa ku chipolopolo, izi zimasonyeza kusagwirizana ndi malamulo a ukhondo pa famu. Ndi bwino kuti musagule mankhwalawa, ndipo ngati kusokonezeka kumaonekera panyumba, tsambulani bwino kugula ndi madzi ozizira musanagwiritse ntchito. 
Zimadziwika kuti ndi dzira lalitali, zimataya thanzi lawo ndipo zimakhala zoopsa ku thanzi. Phunzirani momwe mungayang'anire mazira atsopano panyumba, makamaka momwe mungayang'anire kutsitsika kwa dzira mwa kuliyika m'madzi.
Kulemera kwa white ndi yolk
Mu chopangira chopanda chipolopolo, choyera ndi yolk ndi 53% ndi 47%. Mu magalamu, ziwoneka ngati izi:
- Gawo lapamwamba ndi mapuloteni ambiri kuchokera 35 g, yolk kuchokera 31 g.
- Kusankha - kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni kuchokera 30 g, yolk - kuchokera 26 g.
- Yoyamba - unyinji wa mapuloteni kuchokera 25 g, yolk - kuchokera 22 g.
- Yachiwiri - mavitamini ochokera 20 g, yolk - kuchokera 18 g.
- Chachitatu - misala ya mapuloteni kuchokera 16 g, yolk - kuchokera 14 g.
Mukudziwa? Nambala yotchuka kwambiri ya yolks mu dzira 1 ndi 9; 2 nkhuku zochokera ku USA ndi USSR zinaziwononga mu 1971.
Mtundu wa lalanje wa yolk ndi wofunikira pazomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pakhomo; pamapulasi a mankhwala awa amaphatikizidwa ku chakudya. 
Yophika
Mu mawonekedwe ophika, mankhwalawa samasintha, chifukwa madziwo samasuntha kupyola mu chipolopolo, zomwe zili mkati sizikumba ndipo sizikutenga chinyezi china. Choncho, mu chipolopolo ndipo popanda, chophikacho chidzalemera kwambiri ngati yaiwisi.
Zing'onozing'ono dzira
Zilonda zazing'ono zimakhala zochepa kusiyana ndi mazira a nkhuku, kulemera kwao ndi 10 mpaka 12 g, ndipo 6-7 g ndi oyera, yolk ndi 3-4 g, chipolopolocho ndi pafupifupi 1 g (ndi wochepa thupi, wothira mdima). 
Chomerachi chimatengedwa ngati zakudya, chifukwa chimakhala ndi mapuloteni ambiri kuposa nkhuku, koma mafuta ochepa komanso zakudya, komanso amakhala ndi magnesiamu, iron ndi mavitamini ambiri.
Ndikofunikira! Zilonda zazing'onoting'ono sizimayambitsa matenda, koma zimakhala ndi kachilombo ka salmonellosis.
Video: Kodi kuchuluka kwa dzira la ng ombe kumalemera bwanji?
Dzira la nthiwatiwa
Mazira aakulu kwambiri amanyamula nthiwatiwa - oposa 2 kg wolemera ndi 18 cm kukula. Poyerekeza ndi nkhuku, mankhwalawa ali ndi mafuta ochepa, cholesterol, amino acid, vitamini, sodium, selenium. Mulu wa yolk ukhoza kufika 0,5 makilogalamu, mapuloteni - 1.5 makilogalamu. Iwo ali ndi chipolopolo cholimba kwambiri kuti atenge zomwe zilipo kuchokera pamenepo, ziyenera kukonzedwa. Aphikeni iwo kwa ola limodzi.
Dzira lalikulu kwambiri la mbalame padziko lapansi lili ndi chakudya chambiri. Werengani zambiri za dzira la nthiwatiwa.
Kulemera kwa dzira kumadalira pa gulu ndi moyo wake wa alumali. Pang'ono ndi theka la misala ndi mapuloteni, chipolopolocho chimachepera pang'ono kuposa 10% ya misala yonse. Cholembedwacho chiri ndi zinthu zambiri zofunika kwa thupi laumunthu, koma zinziri kapena nthiwatiwa zimatengedwa kuti ndi zothandiza (ndi zocheperako).
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