Mmene mungamere ndikukula nkhaka "Emerald Flow"

Pofika kumapeto kwa nyengo yokolola m'munda wamaluwa ambiri, funso limabwera, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ndiwo zamasamba. Si zophweka kusankha mwanu mbeu zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimapezeka pamsika. M'nkhaniyi, tidzakambirana mbali zosiyanasiyana za nkhaka yotchedwa "Emerald Flow".

Malingaliro osiyanasiyana

Chomeracho chimakondweretsa ndi zimayambira zamphamvu, ndi sing'anga lamasinkhu, masamba akulu, mazira ochulukirapo ndi zipatso zikukula pamaso panu. Mitundu ya nkhakayi ndi ya parthenocarpic hybrids.

Mukudziwa? Partenocarpia ndi njira ya ovary ndi kukula kwa zipatso popanda mungu. Kutembenuzidwa kwenikweni kuchokera ku Greek kumveka ngati "namwali chipatso".

Mbali iyi ya zosiyanasiyana imaphatikizapo mwayi wa kulima kwake: ndizobwino kwa malo osungirako mafilimu ndi kufesa pamalo otseguka. Zimakhala bwino pansi pa nyengo yovuta komanso nyengo, pamene ntchito ya tizilombo timene timayambitsa mungu ndi yovuta. Mbewu izi sizikusowa nthawi yokolola mbewu, choncho zipatso zake sizikhala zachikasu, panthawi yonse yosamba zimakhala ndi maonekedwe okongola komanso kukoma kwake. Amakhala wosakanizidwa ali ndi chitetezo champhamvu ku matenda, nthawi zambiri amaopseza nkhaka.

Pezani mitundu ya nkhaka yomwe ili yoyenera kuti mubzalidwe poyera.

Zipatso makhalidwe ndi zokolola

Woimira zosiyanasiyanazi angatchedwe chimphona, chifukwa zipatso zake zimakhala zazikulu kukula kwa masamba: kutalika ndi theka la mita, ndi kulemera kwa 250 g. Kuyambira nthawi yobzala mpaka zipatso zoyamba zakudya, zimatenga miyezi 1.5 yokha. Nkhaka "Emerald Flow" ali ndi khungu lochepa thupi lofewa.

Popeza nyemba za mbeu zimakhala mu mthupi, thupi ndi lofiirira, lamadzi wambiri, popanda chizindikiro chochepa chachisoni. Iwo ali oyenera kokha kuti atsitsire ntchito. Ngati malamulo a kulima akuwonetsedwa, masambawa adzasangalala ndi zokolola zambiri, mpaka makilogalamu asanu pa mita imodzi, nthawi yonseyi.

Kusankhidwa kwa mbande

Posankha, musazengereze kufufuza mosamalitsa zomwe zikufunidwa: zabwino 30-masiku nkhaka mbande zikhale ndi phesi lamphamvu, mofanana ndi mdima wobiriwira masamba. Kutalika kwa zomera pa msinkhu uwu ndi 20-25 masentimita, ndipo ayenera kukhala ndi masamba 4-5 enieni ndi masentimita 15-18 masentimita. Mbewu zoterezi zimakhala zabwino kwambiri pobzala m'mabotolo omwe ali kale pakati pa mwezi wa April, kumene amayamba mizu ndikuyamba kubala chipatso. Ngati akuphwanya teknoloji ya kukula mbande kapena pamene mphamvu ya kuwala siidasamalike, zimayambira zidzakhala zochepa, zowonda, ndi masamba ang'onoang'ono zidzakhala zooneka bwino.

Onani zodziwika bwino za kukula kwa mitundu ina ya nkhaka: "Aquarius", "Colonel weniweni", "Herman", "Shosh", "April", "Merengue", "Hector F1".

Mizu ya zomera zathanzi ziyenera kukhala bwino, koma siziyenera kumera muzitsulo zomwe zili muzitsulo. Izi zikutanthauza kuti ndi wamkulu kwambiri kuposa momwe zikuwonekera, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti zidzakhala zovuta kupirira kuika. Musaiwale kuti fungo lazitsulo ndi mizu, ngati fungo losasangalatsa, ndiye kuti zothekazo zimakhudzidwa ndi zowola.

Pakatikati pa mwezi wa May, pena paliponse pamalo obiriwira, mungathe kubzala mbewu zazing'ono za masiku 20: zimakhala ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 16 mpaka 18, ndipo zimakhala ndi masamba awiri enieni, omwe amakhala aakulu kwambiri, mpaka masentimita 15. Pofuna kubzala m'nthaka kumapeto kwa mwezi wa May, mbande yaing'ono ya Emerald yomwe ili ndi zaka khumi ndi khumi ndi khumi ndi ziwiri (10-12) masiku, ndi tsamba limodzi lokha, linali labwino kwambiri. Amapweteka mizu m'malo atsopanowo, akukula mosamala mofulumira komanso amasangalala ndi zokolola zabwino. Chifukwa cha kubzala kumeneku kwa mbande, mungadzipatse masamba atsopano kuyambira kumapeto kwa May mpaka autumn chisanu.

Ndikofunikira! Nkhaka zimakhala zotengeka ndi kusintha kwa nyengo. Pa kutentha pansipa +10 ° С kukula kwawo kwatha.

Akatswiri amalimbikitsa kumvetsera zitsulo zomwe zimagulitsidwa motere: popeza mizu imakhalabe yopanda ungwiro, ndi bwino kusankha mapiritsi a peat kapena mapeyala a peat kuti asawonongeke.

Fufuzani mosamala masamba kuchokera kunja, makamaka kuchokera mkati mwa zilonda za nsabwe za m'masamba ndi tizirombo tina timayamwa. Chizindikiro chochepa cha "kukhazikitsa" kuchokera mmera ngati chimenechi chiyenera kusiya.

Nthaka ndi feteleza

Musanabereke ndikukula ndiwo zamasamba, munthu ayenera kudziwa momwe chilengedwe chimayendera.

Dothi pa bedi la nkhaka liyenera kukhala lopweteka komanso kudyetsa chinyezi. Zingathe kukhala ndi ndale kapena zochepa zamchere. Kuti mukwaniritse zomwe mukufuna, mungathe kuchita zinthu zina m'dzinja kapena m'chaka:

Panthawi yophukira kukumba nthaka ndi fosholo, tikulimbikitsanso kuonjezera mbeu zowonjezera 5 kg ya manyowa pamtunda uliwonse, 25 g ya phosphorous-feteleza feteleza;
Ngati pali acidity yowonjezereka, onjezerani 250 g wa mandimu ku chigawochi, ngati ofooka, ndiye 100-150 g wa mandimu ndikwanira.

"Nthaŵi yovuta" nthaka ingakonzedwe pochita ntchito zingapo:

Nthaka ya mchenga iyenera "kulemedwa" ndi dongo: kuchokera ku 1 mpaka 3 zidebe zadothi ziyenera kuwonjezeredwa ku mita imodzi ya mchenga wa mchenga. Njirayi idzaonetsetsa kusungidwa kwa nthaka m'nthaka, pokhapokha nkhaka sizidzapereka bwino.
Dothi lakuda limakhala lolimba komanso lopanda mphamvu pamene lothira. Kwa kubzala pa tsamba la nkhaka, palifunika kupanga kuchokera ku 1 mpaka 4 ndowa pa 1 mita imodzi ya mchenga ndi kompositi. Nthaka idzakhala yosasunthika komanso yotsegulidwa, kutuluka kwa chinyezi kumapewa.

Sikuti nthawi zonse nyengo ndi nyengo zosiyanasiyana zimatipangitsa kuti tigwire nawo ntchito yokonzekera malowa m'dzinja. Mungathe kuchita izi kumapeto kwa nyengo. Mukamakumba malo kubzala nkhaka, m'pofunika kuika 3 kg ya humus kapena kompositi ndi 50 g ovuta mchere feteleza pa 1 mita imodzi.

Zomerazi zimakonda kuyatsa madontho a dzuwa. Ngakhale mitsinje ya Emerald yosiyana imakhalanso yokongola kwambiri, izi sizimakhudza zokolola zake. Ndibwino kuti bedi lizitetezedwa ku chimphepo chakumpoto ndi mtundu wina wa pogona, kapangidwe ka mbeu, kapena kulima komwe kumabzala kumpoto kwa malo: nyemba zouma kapena chimanga. Mitengo ya zomera m'munda Monga momwe ziliri zina, kusungidwa kwa ulimi, kusintha kwa mbewu kumalimbikitsidwa.

Pezani zomwe mungathe ndiye mubzala m'munda.

Anansi abwino:

nkhaka zathu zimamva bwino pa nthaka kumene oyambirira ndi kolifulawa, tomato, nandolo, beets, mbatata zimakula;
anyezi ndi adyo monga zowonongeka zimangokhala zabwino, monga momwe zimagwiritsira ntchito mankhwala ndi kulemeretsa nthaka ndi phytoncides;
Malo okhala ndi masamba ndi maluwa osiyanasiyana othandizira amalekerera mwakachetechete

Oyandikana nawo oyipa:

n'zosatheka kudzala nkhaka pambuyo kabichi ya mochedwa mitundu ndi kaloti, kuyesa koteroku kwadzala ndi matenda ndi chitukuko chochedwa;
Kuika nkhaka pafupi ndi mabedi ndi mbatata sikuvomerezeka.

Mavuto akukula

Mbande za zosiyanasiyana zingabzalidwe greenhouses, pansi kutentha ulamuliro.

Ngati wowonjezera kutentha sungapangidwe ndi Kutentha kwina, ndiye kofunikira kuikapo pa mlingo wa Kutentha kwa mpweya ndi nthaka, motero. Pamene chiopsezo cha nyengo yozizira imatha, izi zimakhala kuyambira zaka khumi ndi ziwiri za May, ndipo mpweya wamkati umathamanga kufika madigiri 17, + ndipo nthaka imadutsa kufika madigiri 15 degrees, kenako zomera zowoneka bwino zimakhala bwino.
Ngati wowonjezera kutentha ndikutenthedwa, ndiye kuti sizingatheke kuti mlengalenga zikhale zofunikira, ndipo mbewu zingabzalidwe, ndikuyang'ana kukula kwake. Kuti mukhale ndi nyengo yabwino yokula, mukhoza kusamalira malo, makamaka ngati kuwala kwachilengedwe sikukwanira. Ngakhale kuti nkhakayi ili ndi mthunzi wolekerera, ndipo, ngati mwazifukwa uliwonse kuwala kwawunika kumaphwanyidwa, sikungapweteke kwambiri. Koma ndibwino kuti thanzi ndi kukula kwa mbeu zikhale zolemekezeka.

Kuthira bwino kwa zomera zachinyamata kumayika maziko a zokolola zam'tsogolo mtsogolo. Ndikofunikira kuti muyang'ane muyeso: nthaka pansi pa tchire sayenera kukhala youma, yosweka, kapena yonyowa kwambiri, makamaka ndi madzi ochulukirapo.

Dziŵani zonse zowononga za kukula nkhaka mu wowonjezera kutentha.

Ndizowona ngati ndizotheka kukonza munda wa nkhaka njira yothirira madzi ndi madzi otentha. Ngati izi sizikupezeka, ndiyekwanira kuthirira zomera kuchokera kuthirira ndi kuthira. Popeza mbewuyi imapereka kukula usiku, ndibwino kuti azitha kuthirira madzulo, kutentha kutatha, ndi madzi otentha patsiku.

Ndikofunikira! Malo owuma sangathe kutsanuliridwa mochuluka kamodzi: madontho a chinyezi amatha kupanga mapangidwe a zowola mizu ndi zimayambira, zomwe zomwezo zimatha kutsogolera imfa ya chomeracho.

Pofuna kusankha njira yoyenera kuthirira madzi, munthu ayenera kumvetsera kuti nyengo yotentha imakhala ikuchitika tsiku lililonse, ndipo nyengo yamvula imakhala madzi ngati nthaka imauma.

Pofuna kuteteza mizu ya zomera kuti ikhale yopanda phokoso la nthaka, imayenera kukhala nthawi zonse komanso kumasuka mosamala kwambiri. Ngati ndi kotheka, mukhoza kutsanulira chisakanizo cha nthaka pansi pa tchire. Pofuna kukhazikitsa malo abwino okhala ndi wowonjezera kutentha, nkhalango yaikuluyi imayenera kuzimitsa nthawi zonse kuti chipindacho chisamapangitse kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.

Kukula kuchokera ku mbewu kwa mbande kunyumba

Ngati muli ndi mwayi ndi chikhumbo, ndi bwino kukula mbande za nkhaka zodabwitsa zokha. Pofuna kuti mbeu zamasamba zizitsuka bwino, kuti zithetse matenda ndi zotsatira zoopsa za malo akunja, kupereka mphoto kumapeto kwa ntchito yawo ndi zokolola zochititsa chidwi, nkofunika kukonzekera mbeu ndi malo omwe adzalandirira mbewu.

Kukonzekera Mbewu

M'masitolo apadera angapereke mankhwala osiyanasiyana ndi madontho osakaniza kuti azitha kulandira mbewu ndi nthaka. Pogwiritsira ntchito, zolinga zikuluzikulu ziwiri zikutsatiridwa: kuteteza thupi ndi kuteteza thupi. Ma potassium permanganate ndi hydrogen peroxide amathetsedwa. Mbeu za Emerald Flow, mosasamala za zozizwitsa zawo, sizidzabweretsa mavuto ena panthawi yokonzekera. Kufufuza mosamala za zokolola zimasonyeza ngati pali filimu yapadziko lapansi kapena ayi. Ngati yankho lanu ndilo inde, ndiye kuti simungayambe kukoka mbewu. Ngati palibe kufotokozera, ndiye kuti opaleshoni imeneyi sitingapewe. Maola atatu ndi okwanira kuti awasunge njira yotsatirayi: pakuti 100 ml ya madzi yikani supuni 1 ya hydrogen peroxide.

Madzi odzaza ndi mpweya wambiri amachititsa kumera kwa mbewu ndikupanga zina zowonjezera mavitamini. Pambuyo pa chithandizochi, kufesa kwa mbeu kumayidwa kuti ikhale yosakanikirana, ngati idzafesedwa pamtunda patapita nthawi. Ngati kufesa kumachitika pa mbande, ndibwino kuti tichite mwamsanga mutangoyamba. Mbeu zosakanizidwa ndi chizindikiro cha F1 zimagulitsidwa kale ndikuchiritsidwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, choncho muyenera kukhala osamala kwambiri pokonzekera nthaka.

Zokhudzana ndi malo

Nthaka kusakaniza kubzala nkhaka mbewu zikhale zochepa, zowonongeka, zowonjezera. Ngati sizingatheke kugula malo omwe asanakhalepo mu sitolo yapadera yomwe imakwaniritsa zonsezi, ndiye kuti muyenera kukonzekera nokha. Kuchita izi, kwanira kusakaniza magawo awiri a peat ndi humus ndi 1 gawo la zowonongeka. Mafuta 10 a osakaniza awa ayenera kuwonjezeredwa ku 1 chikho cha phulusa ndi supuni 1 ya urea, superphosphate ndi potaziyamu sulphate.

Pofuna kukonzanso kayendedwe ka madzi, mpweya umatha kuwonjezeredwa kuti ukhale wothandizana ndi mbewu za nthaka - agroperlite kapena vermiculite, wothira dongo kapena chithovu chophwanyika. Vermiculite ya mbande Koma mulimonsemo, musanafesa mbewu zokonzedwa bwino, ndikulimbikitsanso kuthirira nthaka kusakaniza ndi njira yofooka ya potaziyamu permanganate kapena kuchepetsedwa ndi magawo atatu a hydrogen peroxide mu 10 malita a madzi. Mwa njira iyi, chiyero cha nthaka chikutsimikiziridwa, motero chitetezero cha mbande zamtsogolo kuchokera ku tizirombo ndi matenda okhumudwitsa.

Pofuna kupewa kuvulala kwa nkhaka zing'onozing'ono panthawi yomwe amawotchera kapena kutseguka, ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito mapeyala kapena mapiritsi kuti mukhale ndi "emerald" mbande: zomera zimabzalidwa popanda zotsatira zosasangalatsa, komanso kulandira zakudya zowonjezera zowonongeka peat pansi.

Kuti mbande zikula ndikukula, muyenera kusamalira mphamvu yoyenera. Tikukulangizani kuti mupeze ngati mukukula mbande mu mapiritsi a peat.

Njira yobzala mbewu

Chifukwa cha kusamba ndi kuyanika, mbewu za Emerald Mtsinje zimayamba kumera.
Pofuna kuwononga mphukira, imbani mbeu imodzi mumbewu yokonzeka ndi nthaka yonyowa kwa 1.5-2 masentimita, kuwaza ndi thanzi losakaniza.

Mpaka nthawi yomwe imamera pamwamba, zimalimbikitsidwa kukhalabe ndi kutentha kwa madigiri oposa 25. Pofuna kutentha, mukhoza kuphimba miphika ndi magalasi kapena matumba apulasitiki.
Nkhumba zikangowoneka, matanki ayenera kutsegulidwa ndipo kutentha kwa mbande kuyenera kuchepetsedwa kufika madigiri +19.

Mukudziwa? Chuma chofunika kwambiri cha nkhaka ndizosiyana kwambiri ndi asidi tartronic acid. Acidi iyi imalepheretsa zotsatira za chakudya chomwe chimalowa m'thupi mwathu panthawi ya chakudya, motero zimalepheretsa maonekedwe a mafuta. N'chifukwa chake kugwiritsa ntchito nkhaka ndikoyenera kudya.

Kusamalira mmera

Pofuna kuonetsetsa kuti chikhalidwe chikukula bwino, m'pofunika kuchiyika pafupi ndi zenera kuti muwone bwino. Ngati simungathe kugwiritsa ntchito mawindo a zenera kapena mulibe malo ozungulira iwo, ndiye kuti muyenela kuyika zowonjezera kuunikira kwa mbande. Nthaŵi zambiri kuthirira kumadalira mlingo wa kuyanika kwa nthaka m'miphika. Kwa mbande, zonse zowonjezereka ndi zowonjezera ziri zoopsa, chifukwa mizu yake idakali yopanda ungwiro ndipo imafooka kupirira zowonongeka kotero, kuthirira kumakhala koyenera komanso nthawi yake. Pofuna kukonzekera mbande chifukwa chodzala mu wowonjezera kutentha, kapena kumalo otseguka, akatswiri amalangiza masiku 10 asanayambe ntchito kuti ayambe kuuma. Kuti muchite izi, ndizofunikira maola angapo kunyamula zitsulo ndi zipangizo zodyera mumsewu kapena kumalo okhudzidwa. Ndikofunika kuti magawo oyambirira awonedwe mu nyengo yamtendere, yotentha. Ngati nyengo siili ndi mwayi, ndiye kuti mukhoza kumanga malo amtendere kuchokera ku mphepo kapena mvula. Pa khonde kapena pamtunda wa nyumba, nkhaniyi imathetsedwa mosavuta: pali malo ogona, komanso kupeza mpweya wa "msewu" komanso kutentha.

Kuwaza mbande pansi

Kuti chomera chobzala pa mbande chikhale mizu pamalo osasunthika mwamsanga komanso mopanda kupweteka, sikuvomerezeka kuthamangira kukalowa popanda kuyembekezera nthaka kutentha mpaka 8% + madigiri 10 ndi mpweya kufika madigiri 15. Ngati nkhaka yabzalidwa pamtunda, ndiye kuti muyenera kuganizira nthawi yomwe maholide a May amatha, pamene kuopsezedwa kwachisanu cha chisanu kumatha. Ngati izi zikuchitika mu wowonjezera kutentha, ndipo ngakhale mukutenthedwa, ndiye kuti kukakamiza nyengo ndizovuta.

Ndikofunikira! Ndizosatheka kusunga mbande mu miphika kwa masiku osapitirira 30, chifukwa patatha nthawi izi zidzakhala zovuta kuchitapo kanthu mosiyana ndi zovuta kusintha kuti zikhale ndi moyo watsopano.

Muzitsulo zopangidwira, kupanga mizere mothandizidwa ndi chingwe chotambasula, zing'onozing'ono zimakonzedwa, ndi kuya kwa msinkhu wa tchire kapena peyala pamtunda. Popeza kuti haibridiyi imakhala ngati sing'anga, mtunda wa pakati pa mabowo suyenera kukhala oposa 30-35 masentimita, ndipo pakati pa mizere ya zomera ndi masamba akulu - osachepera theka la mita.
Pamene zitsime zikukonzekera, ziyenera kutsanulidwa ndi madzi, ndizotheka ndi kuwonjezera kwa hydrogen peroxide, ngati njirayi isanafike nthawi yayitali, pamtunda wa 0,8 l muzitsulo iliyonse.
Kenaka mphika kapena dothi ladothi lokhala ndi mphukira liikidwa apo, kotero kuti mapiri awo apansi azigwirizana ndi chitsime, ndi kuwaza ndi dothi lokonzedwa.
Mutabzala, nkhaka iyenera kutsanulidwa mochuluka ndi firiji madzi pa mlingo wa 2 malita iliyonse chitsamba.
Pofuna kupewa kuyanika kwa nthaka ndi chitetezo kwa namsongole, ndibwino kuti muzitsinthanitsa ndi singano zapaini, kapena utuchi, kapena black agrofibre.
Poyamba 3-4 masiku mutabzala, mbande ziyenera kuthiriridwa mochuluka. Ndibwino kuti tichite zimenezi madzulo, kupewa madzi ena pamasamba, omwe angapangitse kuti zikhale zosautsa pakapita patsogolo.

Agrotechnics ikukula mbewu zowonekera

Nkhaka zosiyanasiyana "Emerald kutuluka" angatchedwe kuti ndi mitundu yonse mwa njira ya kulima kwawo. Ndipo mbande, ndikufesa mbewu pansi, pakulemekeza zosamalidwa, zatsimikiziridwa kuti zikulimbana ndi matenda, kukula kwakukulu ndi zokolola zambiri. Ngati pamwambapa tafotokoza rassadny njira sivomerezeka pa chifukwa chilichonse, ndiye kuti alimi akuyenera kusakwiya. Zomerazi zimakhala ndi pafupifupi zana limodzi peresenti kumera kwa mbeu zikafesedwa poyera.

Zochitika kunja

Ngakhale kuoneka kosasangalatsa kwa mtundu uwu, sikutanthauza kanthu kalikonse kakang'ono kokonzekera kubzala, chitukuko ndi kukonza. Ngakhalenso bwino, nkhaka izi zimakula ndi kubala chipatso m'mabotchi ndi kumunda. Chofunikira chachikulu chokonzekera kwawo kunja kwa malo osungirako amakhala ndi kutentha kwa mpweya ndi dziko lapansi. Kawirikawiri, mbewu za mbewuzi zimabzalidwa pamene, masiku awiri, kutentha kwa usiku kuli osachepera + madigiri 12, ndipo mpweya masana ndi, madigiri 2020.

Ndikofunika kudziwa chifukwa chake nkhaka zimafunikira ayodini komanso momwe zingagwiritsire ntchito mankhwalawa kunja ndi kutentha.

Ngati, mutabzala zomera mu greenhouses, nkotheka kuti musayanjane ndi nyengo, makamaka ngati pali kutenthedwa kwina, ndiye kuti chitukuko chawo ndi kukula kwachilengedwe kumadalira kwathunthu kutentha kwa tsiku ndi tsiku komanso kukula kwa nthaka. Nkhaka zimakonda malo abwino, koma izi zimakhala zotetezeka komanso zimatha kukula.

Njira yobzala mbewu pansi

Kufesa kawirikawiri kumachitika mu theka lachiwiri la mwezi wa April kapena kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa May.

Mu nthaka yonyowa, koma osati nthaka yowonongeka, grooves imapanga 3 masentimita akuya, mbewu zimakhala patalika masentimita 15-20 ndipo mosamala, kuti zisamawononge mphukira, zimadzala ndi zakudya zosakaniza. Kudula kwake sikofunika. Mtunda pakati pa mizere umakhala mkati mwa 70 cm.
Pofuna kupewa kuyanika kwa dothi komanso kuteteza chitsimikizo kuchokera ku chimbalangondo ndikulimbikitsanso kuti mulch bedi ndi singano zapaini kapena utuchi. Pofuna kuti zinthu zikhale bwino kwambiri, malo ofesedwa akhoza kuwonetsedwa ndi filimuyo. Mwanjira iyi, ndizotheka kuteteza mbewu kuchokera ku kusintha kwapadera kosasinthika kapena kutentha kwachisanu.

VIDEO: NKHONDO ZA MBEWU ZONSE Mitunduyi ndi ya mitundu yambiri ya saladi ndipo nthawi zambiri zitsamba 2-3 zimapatsa mabanja awiri zipatso zabwino komanso zokoma nyengo yonseyi. Choncho ngati simukufuna kuti mugulitse zipatso pamsika, muyenera kuganizira za kufunika kofesa malo amodzi ndi izi.

Kuthirira

Kuthirira moyenera nthawi zambiri kumawonjezera mwayi wokolola kwambiri. Mbeu itabzalidwa kumapeto kwa nyengo, zimatha kuzimwa kamodzi pamlungu ndi madzi kutentha. Ndibwino kuti tichite zimenezi kuchokera pa madzi okwanira kapena payipi yomwe ili ndi utsi popanda kupanikizika kolimba. Musayesetse kudzaza bedi ndi ndowa. Kutentha kwambiri kumabweretsa kuyanjana kwa nthaka ndipo kungayambitse mavuto a fungal. Ngakhale kulimbana kwa matendawa, matendawa angasokoneze chitukuko chawo.

Nthawi zina miyezi yamasika imadziwika ndi kutentha kwambiri. Ndizotheka kupewa kuyanika nthaka ndi ulimi wothirira ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zamakono. Njira yabwino yothirira ulimi wothirira. Ngati simungathe kugula mafakitale, mungathe kudzipanga nokha, pogwiritsa ntchito mabotolo apulasitiki.

Tikukulimbikitsani kuphunzira momwe mungapangire madzi okwanira ndi manja anu kuchokera mabotolo apulasitiki.

Kuwaza ulimi wothirira Nkhaka bwino madzi madzulokotero kuti madontho a chinyezi pamasamba asasinthidwe mothandizidwa ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa mpaka m'mapiritsi ndipo samatsogolere kutentha kwa mtundu wobiriwira. Mu nyengo yozizira, kuteteza kutenthetsa kwa zomera, ndibwino kuwamwa ndi kuwaza. Njira yomweyi imalepheretsa kuwonongeka kwa nthaka pansi pa tchire. Mukhozanso kupanga pulawu pakati pa mizera ndikusiya madzi kuti asamavulaze mizu ndi masamba. Ngati nyengo imvula, chiwerengero cha madzi amachepetsedwa kangapo: maulendo awo amangodalira mkhalidwe wa nthaka. Kuthamanga kwakukulu kwa wetting ayenera kukhala osachepera 10 cm.

Ndikofunikira! Dziko lopindika kwambiri limatsogolera ku imfa ya mitsempha yowonongeka. Izi zimafooketsa chomera ndipo zimachititsa kuchepetsa kukula, komanso kukula kwa matenda osiyanasiyana.

Nthaka imamasula ndi kupalira

M'nyengo yotentha kapena yotentha, kutumphuka kouma mwamsanga pamtunda wa nthaka. Zimasokoneza mpweya wabwino, ndipo mizu ya nkhaka imasowa mpweya. Choncho, m'pofunika kuchita nthawi zonse nthaka kumasula pa nkhaka. Mzuwu uli pafupi kwambiri ndi pamwamba, kotero ndibwino kuti muzitha kudziletsa ndi kusuntha kwa kuwala kuti musamavulaze. Sitiyenera kumeta pa nthaka yonyowa pokonza, chifukwa zidzatsogolera kupanga mapangidwe, ndi kuyika mizu. Pa nthawi yomwe asakhale pakhomo, atatha kuthirira ndi kumasula nthaka, dera lanu lingakhale ndi ufa ndi nthaka youma kapena zakudya zosakaniza. Izi zidzateteza kuyanika mwamsanga kwa nthaka.

Panthawi imodzimodzimodzi ndi zovuta zamsongole zikuwonongedwa. Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito agrofibre kapena chophimba chochepetsera namsongole kukula m'munda. Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo sikuvomerezeka.

Masking

Kuonjezera chipatso cha mitundu yosiyanasiyanayi, ndikofunikira kuyambitsa mapangidwe a shrub kukhala tsinde limodzi ndi nthawi zina.

Pambuyo pa tsamba lachisanu ndi chimodzi lachiwonadi, mazira onse ndi ana opeza, omwe amakula mu tsamba axils, amachotsedwa.
Kenaka, musiyeni ovary imodzi, ndikuvulaza ana opeza.
Pambuyo pa masamba 2-3 mutuluke pa ovary ndi mwana wamwamuna wobadwa, womwe umatsamira pa tsamba loyamba, ndikuzisiya pa ovary.

Popeza izi ndi mbali yochenocarpic zosiyanasiyana, mazirawa amapangidwa m'magulu, ndipo nthawi zambiri zomera sizikhala ndi mphamvu zokwanira kuzidyetsa. Choncho, kuti asasunge yellowing ndi kukhetsa wa ovary, m'pofunika nthawi zonse kuchita ake mwachisawawa kuchotsedwa. Pochita chidwi ndi kukula kwa mphukira, zimatha kuwonjezera kukula kwa mbewu ndi mawu a fruiting.

Belt girter

Nkhaka za mitundu yosiyanasiyanayi ndi za sing'anga zazikulu ndipo zimayenera kumangirizidwa. Kawirikawiri amafesedwa pamphepete mwa mchenga wothandizira, womwe umawathandiza. Ndikofunikira kuti adziwe mliriwo kudzera m'maselo ake kapena kuwamangira.

Pa mabedi kapena mu greenhouses ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito khola trellis. Pofuna kuti asawononge chomera, ndi bwino kukhazikitsa trellis oyambirira, mwachitsanzo, pambuyo pa mawonekedwe 2-3 woona masamba. Zidzakhala zodalirika zazitsamba, kuteteza chipatso kuwonetsetsa ndi kusokoneza.

Mwinamwake mudzakhala ndi chidwi chodziwa zomwe ziri phindu la galasi trellis ya nkhaka ndi momwe mungayikiremo molondola.

Kupaka pamwamba

Mwa maonekedwe a chomeracho, mungathe kudziwa zomwe zimakhala ndi zakudya zomwe zimakhalabe:

Ngati zimayambira ndi masamba ali otumbululuka, otsika, akufa mwamsanga, ndipo zipatso sizikugwirizana ndi kukula kwake kuyembekezera, ndiye palibe nitrogen wokwanira m'nthaka.
Ngati zipatsozo zili zofanana, ndipo masamba apansi amakhala ofiira ndi owuma, ndiye palibe potaziyamu wokwanira. Kupanga mankhwala oyenera kumathetsa vutoli.

Pofuna kuonetsetsa kukula kwachangu, chitukuko chabwino ndi zokolola zochuluka, Emerald Flow imafuna feteleza zina ndi feteleza. Izi zikhoza kukhala humus, manyowa anyezi otsekemera kapena mankhusu, yankho lochokera ku kulowetsedwa kwa manyowa a nkhuku. Ayenera kuchitidwa katatu pa nyengo:

pambuyo pakuwoneka kwa pepala loyamba;
pambuyo pa masiku 21;
isanayambe kusonkhana.

Pofuna kudya kwambiri, ndi bwino kugwiritsira ntchito madzulo, pogwiritsa ntchito madzi ofunda osungunuka, kupeŵa kukhudzana ndi njira zowonjezera.

Tizilombo, matenda ndi kupewa

Zosakanizidwa zowonongeka zimagonjetsedwa ndi matenda monga powdery mildew ndi cladosporiosis omwe amapezeka pakati pa nkhaka. Koma zithandizidwe:

Onetsetsani kayendedwe ka kutentha ndi ulimi wothirira, kumasula nthaka nthawi, chotsani namsongole, kutsanulira udzu wosawoneka pansi.
Mabedi ayenera kutetezedwa ku chimbalangondo, nyerere. Kumalo otseguka kuti awopsyeze tizilombo, mukhoza kudzala marigolds ndi calendula, munda wokhala pafupi ndi masamba.
Yang'anani nthawi zonse masamba ndi zimayambira, kuchokera kunja ndi mkati, panthawi yozindikira kuti nkhuku za m'mimba zimakhala zoopsa.
Pofuna kuchiza ndi kupewa matenda a fungaleni, perekani masamba ndi njira yothetsera supuni 1 ya hydrogen peroxide ndi madontho 40 a ayodini pa 10 malita a madzi. Kuteteza chitetezo cha mbewu kumalimba, kupuma kwa oxygen komanso kuwonongeka kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kumachitika.

Kukolola ndi kusungirako

Zipatso za hybrid iyi ziyenera kukololedwa pamene zikukula. Sikoyenera kuyembekezera kukula kwake kwa mamita 0.5 Mkhaka wokoma kwambiri, owopsa komanso owopsa omwe afika pa 25-30 masentimita. Sali oyenerera kusungirako nthawi yaitali, amachedwa kukhala ofewa. Mitengoyi ndi yoyenera kwa saladi. Mukhoza kuigwira masiku 2-3, ngati kuli kotheka, mufiriji mu thumba. Sambani mwamsanga musanagwiritse ntchito.

Mukudziwa? Napoleon inali nkhaka yolemekezeka kwambiri yomwe inalengeza mphotho kwa iwo omwe angadzabwere ndi njira yosunga masambawa posachedwa. Chimodzimodzi ndi mphotoyi chinali $ 250,000, koma, mwatsoka, sanalandire konse.

Mavuto ndi malingaliro

Nthawi zina vuto limabuka pamene masamba ndi zipatso zimatembenuka chikasu ndikugwa popanda chifukwa chomveka. Zifukwa zazikuluzikuluzi zimakhala:

kuphwanya kutentha, mawonekedwe owala;
kusowa kapena kupitirira kwa chinyezi;
kusowa zakudya zamchere;
zokolola zambiri za zosiyanasiyana.

Pofuna kupeŵa mavuto ngati amenewa, m'pofunika kuti muwonetsetse luso lamakono la nkhaka "Emerald Flow".

Ngati mukufuna kukwaniritsa zotsatira zogwirizana ndi zokolola za masamba, ndiye kuti muyenera kumvetsetsa zidziwitso zonse, ndikuphunzira zomwe zinachitikira alimi ena, ndi gawo lokonzekera, ndi njira yabwino yosamalidwa mbewu kapena kusankha mbande. Khama lanu lidzapindula ndi zokolola zambiri.