Mbali za kubzala wakuda radish kutchire ndi wowonjezera kutentha

Black radish ndi wodzichepetsa kusagwirizana ndi chikhalidwe cha mizu mbewu, kupezeka kukula m'madera alionse komanso kusungidwa kwa nthawi yaitali.

Powasamalira bwino, chomeracho chimabala zipatso zazikulu zowononga bwino, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mizu yambiri izigwiritsidwe ntchito pophika zakudya zophika, komanso mankhwala achipatala pofuna kupewa ndi kuchiza matenda ambiri.

Kuwonjezera pa nkhaniyi tidzakambirana za momwe mungabzalitsire masamba abwinowo ndikusamalira bwino, komanso momwe mungatetezere mbewu yanu ku tizirombo.

Zomwe zimagwirira ntchito

• Ndikofunika kuganizira ulamuliro wa kutentha pofesa mbewu. Subzero kutentha kumayambitsa chomeracho.
• Bzalani mbeu zowonongeka kuti mukwaniritse 100% kumera. Mbewu ziyenera kutsatiridwa kale ndi yankho la potaziyamu permanganate kuteteza motsutsana ndi tizirombo.
• Kubzala kungatheke ngati mbeu imodzi, ndi zisa za 3-5 zidutswa.
• Muyenera kutsatira malamulo a kasinthasintha mbewu.
• Mukamabzala, sungani dothi lonyowa.
• Mabedi usiku amakhala ndi zinthu zamdima zoteteza.

Kugwirizana ndi zikhalidwe zina

Black radish akulimbikitsidwa kubzala pambuyo:

1. mbatata;
2. adyo;
3. anyezi;
4. tsabola;
5. mavwende;
6. limodzi;
7. Solanaceae.

Simungakhoze kubzala wakuda radish pamtunda wa cruciferous, chifukwa ali ndi tizirombo ndi matenda. Bzalani black radish pamalo omwewo mu 3-4 zaka.

Analimbikitsa mbewu mbewu zakuda radish:

1. anyezi;
2. mbatata;
3. tomato

Kulima pamodzi kumayambitsa kusagwirizana kwa tizirombo ndi slugs.

Mzere

Malingana ndi kukhwima kwazelu, mitundu yakuda radish imagawidwa mu mitundu iwiri:

1. Zakale zoyambirira, kucha kwa masiku 40-50 - "May". Kufesa kwachitika mu March.

2. Kukula msinkhuKukula mpaka masiku 50-60:
   • "Ladushka";
   • "Sultan".

   Kufesa kumapeto kwa April.

3. Pakati-nyengo, kukula mpaka masiku 75-80:
   • "Zima Black";
   • "Black Round";
   • "Chernavka".

   Kufesa pakatikati pa mwezi wa June kapena kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa July.

4. Mitundu yakucha yakuchaZomera kwa miyezi inayi:
   • "Gaivoronskaya";
   • "Black Black";
   • "Mkazi Wakuda";
   • "Dokotala".

   Kufesa kwachitika pakati pa mwezi wa July.

Posankha zosiyanasiyana muziganizira makhalidwe a dera lanu. Pa gawo lozizira, mitundu yoyambirira iyenera kukondedwa, yomwe idzakhala nayo nthawi yoti izuke ndi kuchapo isanayambe nyengo yozizira. M'katikati mwa Russia ndi kudera lomwe lili ndi nyengo yoziziritsa, mitundu yonse imasankhidwa malinga ndi nthawi yomwe ikukonzekera kukolola.

Kodi mungagule mbewu ndi kuti?

Ku Moscow ndi St. Petersburg, mukhoza kugula mbeu mu mapepala a mapepala a masentimita awiri m'masitolo kwa alimi. Mukhozanso kuwapanga iwo pa intaneti. Mtengo wa thumba umasiyanasiyana kuchoka pa 6 mpaka 16 ma ruble ndi ma 11 ruble osaperekedwe.

Kumene kuli bwino kufesa pamalo otseguka ndi wowonjezera kutentha?

Pofuna kubzala nyemba zakuda pansi, mwachitsanzo, m'dzikoli, muyenera kusankha malo otseguka a dzuwa, monga chomera chofunika. Mabedi usiku ataphimbidwa ndi mdima woteteza zinthu kupewa strelkovaniya. Pamene chodzala wakuda radish mu wowonjezera kutentha zinthu, mukhoza kusankha malo aliwonse wowonjezera kutentha, ndi kupanda kuwala pogwiritsa ntchito nyali za fulorosenti. Mabedi oyandikira usiku siwofunikira.

Momwe mungabzalidwe: malangizo ndi sitepe

Nthawi

Nthawi komanso momwe mungabwerere wakuda radish zimadalira kutentha kwa masana, zomwe ziyenera kukhala pafupi + madigiri 2-3.

• Mitengo yaying'ono yobala zipatso imabzalidwa pakati pa mwezi wa March.
• Kumayambiriro kwa kucha - kumapeto kwa April kapena kumayambiriro kwa May.
• Pakati-nyengo - pakati pa June.
• Kukoma kochedwa - pakati pa July.

Kukonzekera kwa dothi

Nthaka iyenera kuyamwa bwino ndi kuyaka.anaphimba nthawi zambiri. Loamy ndi nthaka ya mchenga loam amaloledwa, popeza amasunga chinyezi chofunikira. Wosakaniza ndi ofooka kwambiri kapena amchere ofooka, osalowerera ndale ndi opambana. Nkhumba zoyenera ziyenera kuwerengedwa pa mlingo wa 200 magalamu a laimu pa 1 mita imodzi.

Amakumba pansi, kupanga mineral feteleza pogwiritsa ntchito potaziyamu, superphosphate, urea. Nthaka yofooka imaphatikizapo feteleza ndi humus, kompositi, phulusa. Manyowa a radish wakuda savomerezeka, chifukwa izi zingakhudze kukoma kwa chipatso.

Kukonzekera kwazongolera ndi mbewu

1. Black black radish ndi calibrated asanadzalemo - kutsanulira mchere mchere njira pa mlingo wa supuni 1 pa 200 ml madzi.
2. Mbeu zosungunuka zimachotsedwa.
3. Mbeu zowonongeka zakhala zouma ndipo zimadulidwa kupyolera mu sieve kuti zizindikire kukula kwake: Mbeu zomwe sizasulidwa kupyolera mu sieve ziyenera kuchotsedwa.
4. Pambuyo pake, nyembazo zimagwedezeka mumadzi ozizira kuti zizitha kumera.
5. Tsiku lomwe tisanafesedwe, mbewu zimalowetsedwa mu njira yothetsera potassium permanganate (1: 6000), yomwe imawononga mankhwala.

Kusankha malo

• Kubzala pamalo otseguka: Sankhani mabedi ogwiritsidwa bwino, potsata malamulo oyendetsa mbewu, kutali ndi mbewu zakupha.
• Kubzala mu wowonjezera kutentha: Kwa bedi lililonse lakumunda lomwe lidzawoneka bwino tsiku lonse kapena liri ndi nyali za fulorosenti. Taonani zomera zoyandikana nawo.

Sewero ndi zamakono

Analimbikitsa kayendedwe ka malo:

1. Kubzala mu wowonjezera kutentha - makonzedwe okonzedweratu, atayikidwa mu checkerboard chitsanzo. Mu khola limodzi anafesa mbewu imodzi.
2. Pa kama wokhala ndi mamita 0.8-1.0. Pangani mizere 4 kutalika kwa masentimita 20-25 ndi mizere mpaka 1.5-2 masentimita. Mbewu imafesedwa imodzi. Mtunda pakati pa mizere ndi 15 masentimita mochedwa mitundu, osachepera 8 cm kwa oyambirira. Njirayi ikulimbikitsidwa kufesa pamalo otseguka.
3. Kutsetsereka kwa chisa - mbeu 3-5 patsiku. Mtunda pakati pa mabowo kufika masentimita 15. Njira iyi ikulimbikitsidwa kuti mutsegule.

Katswiri wamakono:

1. Pa bedi lomasulidwa ndi lopindika, mbewu zimabzalidwa molingana ndi ndondomeko zomwe tazitchula pamwambapa, zomwe zakhazikika kale pansi;
2. Mbeu zimawazidwa ndi nthaka;
3. mopepuka;
4. kuthira madzi;
5. pambuyo kufesa, kuwaza mabedi ndi phulusa.

Kuwombera kumawonekera mu sabata.

Zosangalatsa

• Kuthirira. Kuthirira kumachitika m'mawa kapena madzulo ngati pamwamba pa nthaka youma. Pamene mbande imatulukira, mabedi amamwe madzi tsiku lililonse. Mitengo ikafika kutalika kwa masentimita 10, imatsitsa zomera: oyambirira mitundu imathiridwa 1-2 pa sabata, mochedwa 1-2 pa mwezi.

  Kuyanika kwa nthaka sikuloledwa, mwinamwake zipatso zidzakhala zowawa ndi zowawa. Kusamba madzi: 10 malita a madzi pa 1 mita imodzi. Kupaka ulimi wothirira kumaloledwa.

• Nthaka imamasula. Zimapangidwira kupeŵa mawonekedwe a magetsi pamgedi mutatha kuthirira. Izi zidzatetezanso kuchitika kwa namsongole.
• Feteleza. Zovala zapamwamba zimalowa mpaka katatu pa nthawi yokula. Pamene masamba akuonekera, akudyetsa koyamba ndi makina a nayitrojeni kuti akweze kukula. Manyowa aubwezeretsedwe amaperekedwa mu sabata. Kuvala kachitatu kumachitika mwezi umodzi ndi potaziyamu, phosphate feteleza (superphosphate, urea).

  Mwezi umodzi usanafike kukolola kotheka, kudyetsa kwaimitsidwa. Organic feteleza amakonda kompositi, humus, zitsamba zamitengo, phulusa.

• Mulching ndi hilling. Kuphatikizana kwa mabedi kumapangidwa ndi peat kapena utoto wokometsera bwino pomwe pangoyamba kutuluka mphukira, zomwe zidzasunga microclimate ya bedi, chinyezi ndi kufufuza zinthu za nthaka. Hilling imachitika kawiri pambuyo popatulira.
• Kupopera. Pamene mphukira ikuwonekera, nthawi yomweyo chotsani ofooka kwambiri mphukira. Kupatulira kachiwiri kumachitika pamene mbande idzakhala ndi masamba enieni 3-4. Kutayika mpaka pamtunda wa masentimita asanu pakati pa mphukira. Kupatulira kwachitatu kumachitika mwezi umodzi, kuchoka mpaka masentimita 15 pakati pa mizu mbewu.

Chitetezo cha tizilombo

Black radish ali ndi tizirombo zotsatirazi:

1. mphukira ya cruciferous;
2. ntchentche ntchentche;
3. mvula;
4. slugs;
5. kachilomboka kakang'ono ka kabichi;
6. maluwa okometsetsa;
7. powdery mildew.

Zotsatira zoletsa

Kuchiza mmera:

• mankhwala "Confidor";
• sopo;
• kulowetsedwa kwa celandine;
• chitsulo chosakaniza;
• fodya;
• njira yofooka ya viniga;
• mankhwala "Intravir", "Fitoverm", "Lipocid".

Mavuto ndi zovuta

1. Kubzala mbewu zouma.

   Pa nthawi yomweyi, mbewu zimamera mochepa. Njira zothandizira: nthaka yothandizira mu nthaka yamvula, chivundikiro cha bedi ndi zinthu zoteteza.

2. Kubzala Mbewu Zosasamalidwe - kumayambitsa matenda a mbande ndi tizirombo.

   Pamene zizindikiro zoyamba za matendawa zikuwonekera, zomera zimatengedwa ndi 1% yankho la boric acid, bordeaux madzi, mkuwa sulphate.

3. Zipatso zazing'ono.

   Kulima mbewu kumafuna kugwedeza pang'ono kwa mizu, yomwe imathandiza kuteteza chitukuko cha mphukira zowonongeka kwa mizu, zomwe zimapangitsa chipatso chimakula chachikulu ndi wandiweyani.

4. Kuwombera.

   Radishi imatha kupanga mapangidwe osasamala okwanira, chifukwa chachikulu chimakhala chozizira. Pofuna kupewa izi, m'pofunika kuti nthawi zonse mukhale ndi dothi mumadzi ozizira, onetsetsani mabedi ndi filimu kuti muteteze mabedi (kuchepetsa nthawi zonse).

5. Kuzukula mizu mbewu.

   Amakhala akuphwanya ulimi wothirira, nthaka ikadali youma kwa nthawi yaitali. Pofuna kupeŵa kudumpha nthaka nthawi zonse imakhala yosungunuka.

6. Kuyamba pachimake.

   Kuperewera kochepa kumathandiza kuti chikhale chitukuko, ndiye gawo la nthaka limayamba kuwonjezeka. Kupewa - kupatulira koyenera kampangidwe kodziwika bwino.

Black radish ndi ozizira zosagwira ndi olemera amphamvu mizu, amene mwakula yotseguka nthaka ndi wowonjezera kutentha ndi osamalidwa zosamalira. Kudzichepetsa kwa chomera kumakupatsani inu mbeu yaikulu yosungidwa ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito kuphika, kulera ndi mankhwala kwa chaka chonse.