Pafupifupi onse wamaluwa amalima kabichi pazawo. Mitundu yake yoyambirira imapangidwira kuti izitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mwatsopano, yabwino pambuyo pake ndiyabwino kuteteza nyengo yachisanu. Ngati mungapangire bwino ma kabatire omwe ali pafupi nawo, amakhalapo mpaka chirimwe chotsatira osataya kukoma, kachulukidwe ndi kakasi. Kusankhidwa kwa mitundu ndi mitundu yophatikiza kabichi yakucha yakucha yaku Russia komanso yakunja kusankhaku ndi kwakukulu. Kuti musankhe, muyenera kuphunzira zabwino ndi zovuta zawo pasadakhale.
Mitundu yabwino kwambiri ya mochedwa kabichi
Nthawi yamasamba kumapeto kwa kabichi ndi masiku 140-180. Zokolola nthawi zambiri zimakololedwa itatha chisanu choyamba, koma izi sizikhudza mtundu wa mitu kabichi. Ubwino waukulu wamitundu mitundu ndi ma hybrids a mochedwa kucha ndi zipatso zambiri, kusunga bwino, komanso kuthekera. Mitu ya kabichi imasungidwa pang'ono mpaka masika, ndipo makamaka mpaka nthawi yokolola yotsatira, osataya mwanjira iliyonse kuwonekera, kupindula ndi kulawa. Monga lamulo, mitundu iyi imakhala ndi chitetezo chokwanira. Ndipo chomwe ndichofunika kwambiri kwa olima ku Russia, mitundu yambiri ya kabichi mochedwa ndiyabwino kutola ndi kukoka.
Pali mitundu yambiri ndi ma hybrids, koma si onse otchuka.
Aggressor F1
Wophatikiza ndi kusankha kwa Dutch. Kalata ya boma la Russian Federation ikulimbikitsidwa kuti ikalimbe m'chigawo chapakati, koma kuchita kumawonetsa kuti zimabweretsa zokolola zabwino ku nyengo za Ural ndi Siberian. Zili m'gulu la anthu akumapeto, kuyambira nthawi yomwe mbande zikutuluka kukolola masiku 130-150.
Kabichi Aggressor F1 imabweretsa chomera mosasamala kanthu momwe chilimwe chimaperekedwera malinga ndi nyengo
Sokosi ndi yamphamvu, idakwezedwa. Masamba si akulu kwambiri, mtsempha wapakati umapangidwa kwambiri, chifukwa cha izi amawerama. Pamwamba pali thovu, m'mphepete mumakhala matumba pang'ono. Alijambulidwa pamthunzi wowoneka bwino wobiriwira komanso utoto wonyezimira, utoto wa siliva wokutira wofanana ndi sera ndi wakhalidwe.
Mitu ya kabichi imakhala yolumikizika, yozungulira, kulemera kwakukulu ndi 2.5-3 kg. Pa odulidwa, kabichi yoyera. Chitsa sichikhala chachikulu. Kukomerako sikuli koyipa, cholinga ndichonse.
Aggressor F1 imayamikiridwa ndi wamaluwa chifukwa cha kukhazikika kwa zipatso (kabichi sikuti samalabadira nyengo), ochepa mitu ya kabichi (osaposa 6-8% ali ndi mawonekedwe osagulitsa), kulawa ndi kukana fusarium. Ichi ndi matenda owopsa omwe amatha kuwononga zokolola zambiri m'mundamo, komanso nthawi yosunga. Komanso, wosakanizidwa amakwanitsa kupweteka mochedwa, "mwendo wakuda". Ma nsabwe za m'masamba ndi utoto wopachikidwa sizibisa chidwi chawo ndi chidwi chawo. Kabichi ndi odzichitira chisamaliro, samatulutsa zowonjezera paubwino ndi chonde cha gawo lapansi, mutu wa kabichi osowa kwambiri.
Kanema: zomwe zimawoneka ngati kabichi Aggressor F1
Mara
Chimodzi mwazochita zabwino kwambiri za obereketsa aku Belarus. Mitu ya kabichi imapangidwa masiku 165-175. Ndiwobiriwira wakuda, wokutidwa ndi utoto wonyezimira wamtambo wamtambo wamtambo, mpaka kufika 4,5,5 kg. Kabichi ndi wandiweyani, koma wowutsa mudyo. Zokolola zonse ndi 8-10 kg / m². Ili ndiye chisankho chabwino kwa iwo omwe amaphika kabichi pawokha.
Mara kabichi ndi yabwino kwambiri mu mawonekedwe
Kusunga mitundu ya Mara ndikwabwino kwambiri, m'malo mwake kumasungidwa mpaka Meyi chaka chamawa. Ubwino wina wosakayikira ndi kukhalapo kwa chitetezo cha mitundu yambiri ya zowola. Mitu ya kabichi sikuti imasokonekera.
Moscow mochedwa
Pali mitundu iwiri yamitundu iyi - Moscow mochedwa-15 ndi Moscow mochedwa-9. Onsewa adaweta kwa nthawi yayitali, woyamba m'ma 40s womaliza, wachiwiri zaka 25 pambuyo pake. Palibe kusiyana kwakukulu, kupatula mawonekedwe omwe akutulutsa. Moscow mochedwa-15 imakhala ndi tsinde lalitali kwambiri; Mtundu wachiwiri, malo ogulitsira, m'malo mwake, ndi ochepa, amawoneka kuti mutu wa kabichi wagona pansi pomwe. Kusamalira iye kumakhala kovuta, koma samakhudzidwa ndi keel.
Ndikosavuta kusamalira kabichi ya Moscow mochedwa-kabichi 15 - mitu ya kabichi imawoneka kuti yayimirira miyendo yayitali
Mitundu ya kabichi iyi imavomerezedwa ndi State Record kuti ikalime ku Far East, Northwest, ndi Central Region. Amasungidwa mpaka pakati pa chilimwe chotsatira. Popanda kudzipweteketsa kwambiri, kuzizira kumalekeredwa -8-10ºะก.
Late 9 kabichi sakukhudzidwa ndi keel
Masamba ndi akulu, owaza, owongoka, okhala ndi mbali zowongoka pang'ono. Palibe zotengera za sera. Mitu ikuluzika pang'ono, wandiweyani, wachikasu pamtundu wodula, wolemera makilogalamu 3,3-4,5 pafupifupi. Palinso "akatswiri" olemera 8-10 kg. Chiwerengero chaukwati ndi chochepa kwambiri - 3-10%.
Kanema: kabichi waku Moscow
Amager 611
Mtundu wakale wakale wapakatikati wosankhidwa ndi Soviet, udaphatikizidwa mu State Record mu 1943. Palibe choletsa dera lomwe likukula. Nthawi yakucha ya mbewu zimatengera nyengo, nyengo yakubzala ndi masiku 117-148.
Danga lamphamvu kwambiri ndi masentimita 70-80. Masamba amawakweza pang'ono, atha kukhala ozungulira, komanso osangalatsa kwambiri mawonekedwe, amakumbutsa nyimbo zamtundu winawake. Pamwamba pake pali pafupi kusalala, ngakhale makulidwe pang'ono otchulidwa sakhala osowa. Mphepete nalinso lathyathyathya. Masamba adakutidwa ndi chingwe chokulirapo. Pesi ndi yayitali kwambiri, 14-28 cm.
Makhalidwe abwino a kabichi ya Amager 611 sangatchulidwe kuti ndi abwino kwambiri; masamba ake ndi owuma komanso osalala
Kulemera kwapakati kwa mutu wophika wa kabichi ndi 2.6-3.6 kg. Iwo sakusokoneza. Kukomerako sikungatchulidwe kukhala kwapadera, ndipo masamba ake ndiopota, koma kabichi iyi ndiyabwino kwambiri mumchere komanso zipatso. Zochita zikuwonetsa kuti nthawi yosungirako (Amager 611 ikhoza kukhalapo mpaka pakati pa kasupe wotsatira), kukoma kumakhala bwino. Koma kabichi iyi iyenera kukhazikitsa bwino, pokhapokha kukula kwa imvi zowonongeka, necrosis ndiyotheka.
Choyera ngati chipale
Choberekedwa ku USSR, koma tsopano chatchuka ndi wamaluwa. Nyengo yokulira ndi masiku 130-150. Amasiyanitsidwa ndi kudziwikiratu kwake kosamala, sikukhudzidwa ndi matenda a Fusarium, samadwala mucosal bacteriosis panthawi yosungirako. Chinthu chokhacho chomwe samalolera m'magulu awiri ndi gawo lokhazikika.
Kulemera kwa mutu wobiriwira kutalika ndi 2.5-4.2 kg. Kapangidwe kake kanakhala kozungulira kapena pang'ono. Amakhala wandiweyani, koma owutsa mudyo. Kugula ochezeka, atsogoleri a kabichi sakonda kusweka. Kabichi iyi imatha kunyamulidwa, imasungidwa kwa miyezi isanu ndi itatu, koma kutentha nthawi zonse osachepera 8 ° C.
Kabichi Woyera wa Snow sili lokoma kwambiri, komanso labwino kwambiri
Snow White imayamikiridwa makamaka chifukwa cha kukoma kwake kodabwitsa komanso mavitamini, michere yaying'ono komanso zazikulu. Komanso, mapindu ake satayika ndi chotupitsa ndi mchere. Kabichi iyi imalimbikitsidwa kuti iphatikizidwe muzakudya za ana ndi okalamba.
Megaton F1
Wophatikiza wina nthawi zambiri amapezeka m'minda ya anthu aku Russia ochokera ku Netherlands. Pakati mwazipeza imodzi yoyambirira. Nyengo yokulira ndi masiku 136-78.
Kabichi Megaton F1 - imodzi mwazonse zodziwika bwino za Ma Dutch ku Russia
Sokosi ikufalikira, yamphamvu, squat. Masamba ndi akulu, amtundu wobiriwira, pafupifupi wozungulira, womata chifukwa cha mtsempha wapamwamba kwambiri, womata m'mphepete. Pali mawonekedwe a sera wokutira, koma osawoneka kwambiri.
Mutu wa kabichi ndiwotuwa wobiriwira, wandiweyani, chitsa ndi chachifupi. Kulemera kwapakati ndi 3.2-4.1 kg. Kukoma kwake ndi kodabwitsa, zokolola zake zimakhala zokwera nthawi zonse. Zosiyanasiyana zimakhala ndi chitetezo ku Fusarium, sichimakonda kukhudzidwa ndi keel ndi imvi zowola. Tizilombo pa kabichi iyi samalabadiranso.
Kanema: zomwe zimawoneka ngati kabichi Megaton F1
Mwamuna wa gingerbread
Zosiyanasiyana za ku Russia, zopezeka pakati pa 90s m'zaka zapitazi. Palibe choletsa dera laulimi. Nyengo yokulira ndi masiku 145-150.
Chokhazikitsidwa chimakwezedwa, kutalika kwa tsinde ndi 30-34 cm, yaying'ono kwambiri (masentimita 45-55). Masamba ndi owola kambiri, wobiriwira. Pamwamba pake paliwosalala, m'mphepete mwake mumakhala mafunde. Dongosolo la utoto wa sera wamtambo wamtambo ndilopyapyala, lowonekera bwino.
Kabichi watsopano Kolobok samakhala wokoma kwambiri, koma panthawi yosungirako zinthu zimakonzedwa
Mutu wa kabichi uli pafupi kuzungulira, pamtunda ndi wobiriwira. Kulemera kwakukulu kuli pafupifupi 5 kg. Kukoma ndikwabwino. Yawonongeka kabichi iyi ndikosowa kwambiri. Mwamuna wa gingerbread amasungidwa mpaka Meyi chaka chamawa. Imakhala ndi chitetezo chokwanira ku matenda oopsa pachikhalidwe - fusarium, mucous ndi bacteriosis ya mtima, mitundu yonse ya zowola. Mwanjira yatsopano, kabichi iyi siimadyedwa konse - mutangoidula imakhala ndi zowawa zomwe zimasowa panthawi yosungirako.
Zisanu 1474
Mitundu ya Soviet idapangidwa mwapadera kuti izisungirako chizindikiro. Ngakhale m'magawo akutali kwambiri, kabichi iyi imakhalapobe mpaka pakati pa dzinja. Ngati yasungidwa molondola, mu Januware-February zimangoyamba kudya. Munthawi imeneyi, kutha kusinthika kwambiri, mitu ya kabichi ngati kuti ikukula. Kulembetsa boma kumayesedwa kuti ukalimbe m'dera la Volga ndi Far East.
Zimovka kabichi osiyanasiyana 1474 idaweta makamaka kuti isungidwe kwakutali
Soketi siyamphamvu makamaka, yowukitsidwa pang'ono. Masamba ndi ovoid, akulu, utoto wa utoto wonyezimira, wokutidwa ndi wokutira wokutira sera. Pamwambapo tsamba limasungunuka bwino, m'mphepete mwake mumakhala matumba.
Kulemera kwakukulu kwa mutu ndi 2-3.6 kg. Amakutidwa pang'ono, koma chitsa. Peresenti ya zinthu zosagulitsa sizaposa 2-8%. Kabichi sichimasweka, samadwala necrosis panthawi yosungirako.
Languedaker
Mitundu yakale yotsimikiziridwa ndi mibadwo yambiri yamaluwa, yowerengeredwa ku Holland. Nyengo yokulira ndi masiku 150-165. Timayamikiridwa chifukwa cha kukoma kwake kwabwino, komwe kumangokhala bwino panthawi yosungirako, kukana matenda omwe amafala kwambiri kabichi (makamaka bacteriosis), kukhazikika komanso kuthekera kwakulolera mayendedwe. Cholinga ndichonse. Kabichi iyi ndi yabwino komanso yatsopano.
Languedaker - kabichi wamitundu yosiyanasiyana samakula, komanso padziko lonse lapansi
Mtundu wobiriwira wakuda, wowonda, komanso owuwira bwino wa kabichi samasweka. Izi zikugwiranso ntchito kwa omwe akhwima kwathunthu, koma sanakololedwe. Kulemera kwapabichi kwambiri ndi makilogalamu 3.5-5. 9-10 makilogalamu amachotsedwa 1 m². Languedaker amalekerera chilala ndi kutentha kwa nthawi yayitali, amatha "kukhululuka" wosamalira mundawo chifukwa chosamwetsa madzi mosayenera.
Turkiz
Zosiyanasiyana zaku Germany kuchokera ku gulu lomaliza. Kukolola pambuyo pa masiku 165 mpaka 555 mbande zazikulu. Mitu ya kabichi imasungidwa kwa miyezi isanu ndi itatu, osasokoneza, ndipo kawirikawiri sangatenge kachilombo. Zomera sizimakonda kudwala panja, zikuwonetsa kukhalapo kwa chitetezo cham'thupi "kupuma, keel, fusarium wilt ndi mitundu yonse ya bacteriosis. Poyerekeza ndi mitundu ina, mitunduyi ndi yolekerera chilala.
Kabichi Turkiz yayamikiridwa chifukwa chololera bwino chilala
Mitu ya sing'anga kukula (makilogalamu awiri ndi atatu), kuzungulira mokhazikika, zobiriwira zakuda. Zokolola zonse ndi 8-10 kg / m². Kununkhira ndikwabwino kwambiri, kotsekemera, kabichi yowutsa mudyo. Sauer ndiabwino kwambiri.
Kharkov yozizira
Zosiyanasiyana, momwe mungathe kumvetsetsa, zimachokera ku Ukraine. Analowa mu State Record mu 1976. Cholinga cha kabichi ndi ponseponse - chimakhala chatsopano, pokonzekera kunyumba, komanso choyenera kusungira (chimakhala mpaka miyezi 6-8). Kucha masiku 160-180.
Kharkov yozizira kabichi nthawi yosungirako sakhala ndi kachilombo ka bacteriosis
Rosette imakwezedwa pang'ono, kufalikira (m'mimba mwake 80-100 cm), masamba ndi opendekera, pafupifupi osalala, kokha m'mphepete pomwe pamakhala mafunde. Wokuta wokutira wa sera ndi mawonekedwe. Mitu yozama, yolemera makilogalamu 3.5-4.2. Kulawa ndikwabwino, mulingo wokanira ndi wotsika (osaposa 9%).
Zosiyanasiyana zimalekerera kutentha kotsika komanso koyambira (kuchokera -1-2ºº mpaka 35-40ºº), kumadziwika ndi kulolera kwachilala. Mukamasunga, mitu ya kabichi sili ndi kachilombo ka necrosis ndi mucous bacteriosis. Kuyambira 1 m² 10-11 kg zimapezeka. Kabichi yakucha singadulidwe mpaka chisanu choyamba - sichingasweke ndipo sichikuwonongeka.
Mayi F1
Wosakanizidwa wobzalidwa ndi State Record mu dera la Volga. Mitu yamabichi sikuti ndi wandiweyani, koma yosungidwa bwino mpaka miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Nyengo yokulira ndi masiku 150-160.
Amayi a kabichi F1 samasiyana pakachulukidwe ka mitu kabichi, koma izi sizikhudza
Chokhazikikacho chimakwezedwa pang'ono. Masamba amakhala a pakati, kakulidwe kabiriwira, okutira ndi sera. Pamwamba pake pali pafupi kusalala, pang'ono pang'onopang'ono, m'mphepete ngakhale. Mitu imayalidwa pang'ono, pamtundu wodulidwa wobiriwira, wowongoka (pafupifupi kulemera - 2,5-2.7 makilogalamu). Mulingo wokana uli wotsika - mpaka 9%.
Valentine F1
Mtundu wosakanizidwa unabadwa posachedwa, posachedwa udapeza chikondi chamaluwa aku Russia. Nyengo yokulira ndi masiku 140-180. Kukanani ndi fusarium wilt. Pali mitu yocheperako yotsatsira malonda, osapitirira 10%. Moyo wa alumali - miyezi 7 kapena kupitilira apo.
Kabichi Valentine F1 - zomwe apeza zaposachedwa kwambiri za obereketsa, koma wamaluwa adathokoza
Malowo ndi amphamvu kwambiri, koma masamba ndi ang'ono-kakulidwe, amtundu wobiriwira. Pamwamba pake pali pafupifupi yosalala, yokutidwa ndi wokutira wokutira wa sera wamtambo.
Mitu ya sing'anga wamkulu wolemera makilogalamu 3,3,3,8, ovate, wobiriwira woyera pamtundu wodulidwa. Wachuluka kwambiri komanso chitsa chochepa kwambiri. Kukoma kwake ndikabwino kwambiri, kabichi ndi crispy, shuga. Kusankha kwakukulu kwa nayonso mphamvu.
Mutu wa shuga
Zosiyanasiyana zimavomerezedwa ndi State Record kuti ikulime ku Western Siberia; imasiyanitsidwa ndi kuphatikiza kwake kogwiritsidwa ntchito. Moyo wa alumali - miyezi isanu ndi itatu. Nyengo yokulira ndi masiku 160-165.
Sokosi idakwezedwa, yamphamvu. Masamba ndi akulu, wobiriwira wakuda ndi utoto wotuwa, utoto wa sera suwoneka kwambiri. Pamwamba pake pali pafupifupi lathyathyathya, lodziwika ndi "kuwaza" pang'ono komanso kupindika m'mphepete.
Sipuni ya Sugarloaf ilibe ngakhale pang'ono zowawa za kuwawa
Mitu ndi yoyera, yoyera-kubiriwira pamtunda. Chitsa chake ndi chachifupi kwambiri. Kulemera kwakukulu ndi 2.2-2.8 kg. Samasiyana pakachulukidwe kapadera, koma izi sizikhudza kuuma kwamtundu uliwonse. Peresenti ya zinthu zomwe zimagulitsidwa ndi 93%. Zosiyanasiyana zimakhala zopanda mtengo chifukwa cha kukoma kwake kwabwino komanso kusakhalapo kowawa. Mwa zina zake zosakayikitsa - kukana keel, fusarium wilt ndi bacteriosis.
Orion F1
Kulembetsera boma kumalimbikitsa kukulitsa mtunduwu ku North Caucasus. Zimatenga masiku 165-170 kuti akhazikitse mitu.
Pulogalamuyo ndi yowongoka, yotsika (35-40 cm), m'malo mwake ndi yaying'ono (masentimita 68-70). Masamba pafupifupi ozungulira, okhala ndi petioles lalifupi kwambiri. Tsinde ndi lokwanira masentimita 18-20. Mitu yayitali, yopingasa, yolemera pafupifupi 2.3 kg. Pamalo, kabichi ndi yoyera. Kukoma sikoyipa, komanso kusunga bwino. Mpaka Meyi chaka chamawa, 78-80% ya atsogoleri a kabichi amakhalabe.
Kabichi Orion F1 ndi kakulidwe kakang'ono, koma kokhazikika kwambiri
Wosakanizidwa umalimbana bwino ndi bacteriosis, pomwe imakhala yoipa kwambiri - kuti fusarium. Mbewuyo imabweretsa khola, mosasamala kanthu kuti wolima mundawo amakhala bwanji ndi nyengo yotentha. Mitu ya kabichi sikuti imasokonekera, kukhwima palimodzi.
Lennox F1
Wosakanizidwa ndi wochokera ku Holland. Malingaliro pamadera olimidwa ndi boma la State satakhazikitsidwa. Kabichi ndi wabwino komanso watsopano, ndipo nditatha kusungirako kwa nthawi yayitali. Mitu ya zipse masiku 167- 174. Moyo wa alumali - mpaka miyezi isanu ndi itatu. Kabichi iyi chifukwa cha mizu yamphamvu imalekerera chilala bwino.
Kabichi ya Lennox F1 ndiyodziwika bwino pakulekerera kwake chilala
Chotengera chiri chaching'ono. Masamba ndiakulu, ovoid, obiriwira obiriwira okhala ndi buluu wa lilac, womata m'mphepete mwa chapakati. Pamtunda pali pabwino, m'mbali mulinso. Kukhalapo kwa wokutira kwa sera wokutira ndi khalidwe. Mutu ndi wozungulira, wolemera makilogalamu 1.6-2.4, wandiweyani. Zokolola zonse ndi 9-10 kg / m². Zophatikiza zimayamikiridwa chifukwa cha shuga, zimakhala ndi vitamini C wambiri.
Kanema: Zambiri za Mitundu Yotchuka Kwabichi
Malangizo a kulima
Kusamalira kabichi mochedwa sikusiyana kwambiri ndi kukulira mitundu ina. Mitengo yayikulu yomwe imagwirizanitsidwa ndi nthawi yayitali. Mitu ya kabichi okhwima motalika, amafunikira michere yambiri.
Kayendedwe kakang'ono ndikukonzekera
Popeza mitundu yambiri ya kabichi yomwe yachedwa kucha imatenga miyezi isanu kapena isanu ndi umodzi kuchokera pomwe mbande zimamera mpaka mitu ya mbewu itakhwima, mu nyengo yotentha iwo amakula yekha ndi mbande. Mwachindunji mu dothi, mbeu ku Russia zitha kubzalidwe kum'mwera zigawo ndi nyengo yotentha.
Mitundu yamakono ndi ma hybrids amakhala ndi chitetezo chokwanira, koma kabichi nthawi zambiri imawonongeka ndi bowa wa pathogenic. Kuti mupewe izi, mbewu zimaphunzitsidwa mwapadera musanabzalidwe. Kuti asafe ndi matendawa, amizidwa m'madzi otentha (45-50ºº) kwa kotala la ola, ndiye kwenikweni kwa mphindi zochepa m'madzi ozizira. Njira ina ndikumangiriza kwa fangayi yoyambira (Alirin-B, Maxim, Planriz, Ridomil-Golide) kapena njira yowala ya pinki ya potaziyamu permanganate. Kuchulukitsa kumera, gwiritsani ntchito biostimulants iliyonse (potaziyamu humate, Epin, Emistim-M, Zircon). Njira yothetsera vutoli imakonzedwa molingana ndi malangizo a wopanga, mbewu zimamizidwa mmenemo kwa maola 10-12.
Njira yothetsera wa potaziyamu permanganate - imodzi mwa mankhwala ophera tizilombo, akutsetsa mbewu za kabichi mkati mwake - chitetezo chokwanira cha matenda a fungus
Nthawi yoyenera kubzala mochedwa kabichi pa mbande ndiko kutha kwa Marichi kapena kuyamba kwa Epulo. Mbande zimasunthidwa m'nthaka zoyambirira za Meyi; zokolola zimakololedwa mu Okutobala. M'madera akumwera, masiku onsewa adalembedwa masiku 12 mpaka 15 apitawo. Mitundu ndi ma hybrids awa saopa chisanu chotentha, kutentha kosasokoneza sikukhudza kusunga bwino.
Kabichi aliyense amalekerera kupandukira ndikusankha bwino kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, amadzala nthawi yomweyo m'miphika yaying'ono. Dothi - chisakanizo cha humus, nthaka yachonde ndi mchenga pafupifupi zofanana. Pofuna kupewa matenda a fungal, onjezani choko chocheperako kapena phulusa la nkhuni. Musanabzale, gawo lapansi limakhala lothithirika. Mbewu zimayikidwa ndi masentimita 1-2, ndikuwazidwa ndi dothi loonda pamtunda wabwino.
Kabichi wobzalidwa mumphika wa peat ukhoza kusamutsidwira pabedi osachotsa mu thankiyo
Mpaka mphukira utawonekera, zotengera zimasungidwa m'malo otentha kwambiri pansi pa filimu kapena galasi. Monga lamulo, mbewu zimamera pambuyo masiku 7-10. Mbande zimafunikira kupangira masana maola 10-12. Kutentha m'masiku oyambira 5-7 kumatsitsidwa mpaka 12-14 ° C, kenako kumakweza ku 16-18 ° C. Gawo lapansi limasungidwa nthawi zonse m'malo opanda chonyowa, koma osatsanulidwa (uwu ndiwotupa ndi kukula kwa "mwendo wakuda").
Kuti mbewu yoyambira kabichi ikhazikike, pamafunika kutentha kochepa kwambiri
Mu gawo la tsamba lenileni, kabichi amadyetsedwa ndi feteleza wa nayitrogeni (2-3 g pa lita imodzi yamadzi). Patatha sabata limodzi, amathiriridwa ndi yankho la njira zovuta za mbande (Rostock, Rastvorin, Kristalin, Kemira-Lux). Pafupifupi sabata imodzi asanalowe pansi, kabichi imayamba kuumitsidwa, ndikupangitsa kuti isavutike kuzolowera nyengo yatsopano. Wokonzeka kubzala mbande ukufika kutalika kwa 17-20 cm ndipo masamba 4-6 owona.
Osazengereza kubzala mbande za pansi: mutakula chomera chake, chikafika chovuta pamizu yatsopano
Video: Kukula mbande za kabichi
Bedi limakonzedweratu, kusankha malo otseguka. Penumbra wopepuka sayenera chikhalidwe. Chifukwa chazama kwambiri chinyezi komanso dothi, madambo aliwonse sapezeka. Musaiwale za kasinthasintha wa mbeu. Kabichi imamera bwino pambuyo pa beets, zitsamba, nyemba ndi Solanaceae. Achibale a banja la Cruciface monga otsogola ndi osafunikira.
Pa kulima kabichi sankhani malo otseguka bwino ndi dzuwa
Kabichi wa dothi amafunikira zopepuka, koma zopatsa thanzi. Sililekerera acidic ndi saline gawo lapansi. Mukakumba m'nthaka, manyowa kapena manyowa owola, ufa wa dolomite, phosphorous ndi feteleza wa potaziyamu ziyenera kuyambitsidwa (zitha m'malo mwa phulusa la nkhuni). Chapakatikati, masiku 10-15 asanabzalidwe, bedi limamasulidwa bwino ndipo feteleza wa nayitrogeni amawonjezeredwa.
Humus - chida chothandiza kuwonjezera chonde
Zitsime musanadzalemo kabichi wabwino wokhetsedwa. Onetsetsani kuti mukutsatira ndondomeko yobzala (osachepera 60 cm pakati pa mbeu ndi 60-70 masentimita pakati pa mizere), kuti mutu uliwonse wa kabichi ukhale ndi malo okwanira chakudya. Mbande zimasinthidwa m'malo osatha ndi mphika. Pansi pa dzenjelo tengani humus pang'ono, supuni ya superphosphate ndi anyezi zolembera kuti mupewe tizirombo. Kabichi imayikidwa m'maso masamba awiri, kuthiriridwa madzi ambiri, mulched. Mpaka pomwe imayamba kukula, chinsalu chovala chophimba choyera chimamangidwa pam kama. Kapena mmera uliwonse umakutidwa mosiyana ndi mitengo yamafuta, zipewa zamapepala.
Mbande za kabichi zimabzalidwa m'mabowo am'madzi otayika, pafupifupi "matope"
Mbewu kabichi mochedwa zibzalidwe lotseguka kumapeto kwa Epulo kapena koyambirira kwa Meyi. Nthaka pakuya kwa masentimita 10 iyenera kutenthetsa mpaka 10ºº. Mukabzala, samalani chiwembu, mbewu 3-4 zimayikidwa mu chitsime chilichonse. Kuwaza pamwamba paiwo ndi peat crumb kapena humus (wosanjikiza 2-3 cm).
Kabichi (mbewu zonse ndi mbande) zibzalidwe pansi, ndikupatsa mbewu malo abwino kudya
Mbewu isanachitike, kama wake umatsekedwa ndi pulasitiki. Kenako - limbitsani ndi zofunda pazovala. Pakatha mwezi umodzi, pogona amatha kuchotsedwa kwa tsiku limodzi, pakatha milungu 1.5-2 - kuchotsedwa kwathunthu. Mu gawo la tsamba lenileni, kukanidwa kumachitika, ndikusiya mmera umodzi pachitsime chilichonse. Zosafunikira "zimadulidwa ndi lumo kapena zopindika pansi.
Mbewu za kabichi mochedwa zimabzalidwa pokhapokha ngati nyengo ilola
Thirirani mbande pang'ono. Madzi wamba amatha kusinthidwa ndi yankho la pinki la potaziyamu permanganate. Kuteteza ku matenda oyamba ndi fungus, kabichi imakhala ndi ufa ndi choko chophwanyika kapena sulufule ya colloidal. Nthaka yomwe ili m'mundamo imakonkhedwa ndi phulusa, tchipisi cha fodya ndi tsabola wapansi. Izi zikuthandizira kuwopsya tizirombo tambiri.
Chisamaliro chinanso
Kabichi wamapeto, monga mitundu yake ina, amasulidwa pafupipafupi, mundawo udzu udzu. Ndi kumasula, muyenera kusamala kwambiri kuti musapite mwakuya kuposa 10 cm. Pafupifupi milungu itatu mutabzala, imayala kuti ipangitse kukula kwakukulu kwa mizu yowonjezera. Njirayi imabwerezedwanso pakatha masiku ena 10 ndi 12 masamba asanatsekedwe mu carpet mosadukiza. Kufupikitsa tsinde, nthawi zambiri mumafunikira kuti mukure mbewu.
Zabwino, bedi la kabichi liyenera kumasulidwa mutathilira aliyense - izi zimathandizira kuti mizu yake ikhale yolimba, osalola kuti chinyezi chisamire pansi
Chofunikira kwambiri pa chisamaliro cha kabichi ndi kuthirira koyenera. Amasowa chinyezi kwambiri mu Ogasiti, nthawi yopanga mitu ya kabichi. Mbande zomwe zangobzalidwa kumene zimathiridwa madzi masiku onse awiri, zimadya malita 7-8 a madzi pa mita imodzi. Pambuyo pa masabata awiri ndi awiri, magawo azinthu pakati pa njira amawonjezeredwa, ndipo mawonekedwewo amafikira ku 13 l / m². Nthaka iyenera kunyowa kuti ikhale yakuya pafupifupi 8 cm. Zowonadi, kuchuluka kwa kuthirira kumadalira kwambiri nyengo. Kutentha, kabichi imamwetsedwa tsiku ndi tsiku kapena ngakhale kawiri patsiku, m'mawa kwambiri ndi madzulo. Muthanso kuthira masamba ndi mitu ya kabichi.
Kabichi ndi chikhalidwe chokonda chinyontho, izi zimagwiranso ntchito kwa mbande zatsopano zobzalidwa, ndi mbewu zachikale
Kuthira madzi mwachindunji pansi pa mizu ndikosayenera. Zimapezeka pafupi ndi kabichi pafupi kwambiri ndi nthaka, zimavumbuluka mwachangu ndikuuma. Ndikwabwino kuthirira madzi mothandizidwa ndi ma grooves mumanjira. Ngati pali kuthekera kwaukadaulo, iwo amapanga kukonkha (kabichi yake imamukonda kwambiri) ndikuthirira kuthirira. Njirazi zimakuthandizani kuti muunyowetse nthaka.
Palibe kovuta kusintha nthawi yayitali chilala ndi madzi okwanira, ochulukirapo. Ichi ndiye chifukwa chachikulu chakumenya mitu.
Pafupifupi mwezi umodzi tisanakolole, kuthirira kumachepetsedwa kukhala kofunikira. Kabichi pankhaniyi amakhala juicier, kupeza shuga zomwe zimapezeka mwanjira zosiyanasiyana.
Nthawi yamasamba kabichi mochedwa ndiyatalika, motero, imafunikira kuthira manyowa ambiri nthawi imodzi kuposa mitundu yakuyamba ndi yapakatikati yakucha. Amayamba kupanga feteleza nthawi imodzi ndi hilling yoyamba. Zina zilizonse zokhala ndi nayitrogeni ndizoyenera - ammonium sulfate, urea, ammonium nitrate. Amamizidwa munthaka pamlingo wa 10-15 g / m² kapena kuti atilowetsa mu malita 10 amadzi. Pakatha mwezi umodzi, njirayi imabwerezedwa.
Urea, monga feteleza wina wokhala ndi nayitrogeni, imalimbitsa kabichi kuti igwire ntchito yomanga msipu wobiriwira
Kabichi ndimabwino kwambiri feteleza aliyense wachilengedwe. Chovala chabwino kwambiri ndi kulowetsa manyowa atsopano, ndowe za mbalame, masamba a nettle, ndi masamba a dandelion. Amamwetsa kabichi kawiri mpaka katatu nthawi yachilimwe ndikutalika kwa mwezi. Musanagwiritse ntchito, kulowetsaku kuyenera kusefedwa ndi kuchepetsedwa ndi madzi muyezo wa 1:15 (ngati kuli zinyalala) kapena 1:10 mukamagwiritsa ntchito zinthu zina zilizonse. Ma feteleza ophatikizana sakhala oipirapo - Multiflor, Blank sheet, Gaspadar, Agricola, Zdorov.
Kulowetsedwa kwa nettle - feteleza wothandiza kwambiri komanso wachilengedwe
Kabichi amafunikira nayitrogeni, koma pokhapokha hafu yoyamba yazaka. Nthawi yomweyo, mulingo woyenera uyenera kuyang'aniridwa mosamalitsa. Kuchulukitsitsa kwake kumakhudza chitetezo chazomera, kumapangitsa kudzikundikira kwa nitrate m'masamba.
Mutu wa kabichi ukayamba kupanga, amasinthana ndi feteleza wa potashi ndi phosphorous. Asanakolole, kabichi mochedwa amathiriridwa madzi nthawi 1-2 ndi yankho la superphosphate ndi potaziyamu sodium (25-30 g pa 10 l yamadzi). Kapenanso mutha kuwaza phulusa lamatabwa kumapeto kwa masabata 1.5-2. Wokonza kulowetsedwa (theka lita imodzi ya malita atatu a madzi otentha).
Phulusa la nkhuni ndi gwero la potaziyamu ndi phosphorous, makamaka lofunikira kabichi mochedwa panthawi yakucha kwamitu ya kabichi
Musaiwale za mavalidwe apamwamba apamwamba. Kabichi imakhudzidwa makamaka kufooka m'nthaka ya boron ndi molybdenum. Nyengo, imalapidwa nthawi 2-3 ndi yankho la zinthu - 1-2 g ya potaziyamu permanganate, zinc sulfate, mkuwa wa sodium, boric acid, ammonium molybdenum acid pa lita imodzi yamadzi.
Kanema: samalirani kabichi mochedwa mutabzala pansi
Kukololedwa pokhapokha kukhwima kwathunthu. Mitundu yosakhwima ya kabichi imasungidwa moyipitsitsa. Mitundu yambiri ndi ma hybrids amalolera kutentha pang'ono osadzisankhira iwo, chifukwa chake ndibwino kudikira ndi zokolola. Nthawi zambiri, mochedwa kabichi zipsa theka loyamba la Okutobala, nthawi zambiri - kumapeto kwa Seputembala.
Alimi odziwa zamaluwa patadutsa milungu itatu asanakolole, amalangizidwa kuti azidula tsinde, kudula ndi gawo lachitatu, ndikumasula chomera m'nthaka. Mitu ya kabichi idzaleka kuperekedwa ndi michere, kuchulukana kukula ndipo mosakayikira sichingaswe.
Kabichi iyenera kutulutsidwa ndi mizu. Mutha kuyisunganso mwanjira iyi, "ndikuyika" mu bokosi lonyowa kapena mchenga. Koma pankhaniyi, zimatenga malo ambiri.
Mitu yotsogola kuti isungidwe kwa nthawi yayitali isanthule mosamala, kutaya iwo omwe kuwonongeka kochepa kwambiri kumadziwika. Chitsa chimadulidwa ndi mpeni wakuthwa, woyera, ndikusiya masentimita 4-5. Ma sheet awiri kapena atatu nawonso safunikira kuchotsedwa. Zigawo zonse zimakonzedwa, ndikuwazidwa ndi mpweya wa activated kaboni, sulufule wa colloidal, sinamoni.
Kabichi yophikidwa kuti isungidwe kwakutali imasankhidwa mosamala
Cellar kapena cellar musanayike kabichi iyenera kuti itetezedwe tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, ndikupukuta pamalo onse ndi zotayirira laimu. Mitu ya kabichi mumtambo umodzi imayikidwa mashelufu yokutidwa ndi zokutira, utuchi, udzu, mchenga, zidutswa za mapepala kuti asakhudzane. Popewa kukula kwa matenda oyamba ndi fungal, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti muwafafaniza ndi choko chophwanyika kapena phulusa.
Kuti tisunge malo, mitu ya matebulo amamangiriridwa awiriawiri ndi kumangirira pa waya kapena chingwe cholungidwa pansi pa denga. Pankhaniyi, ndikofunikanso kuti asakhudzane.
Njira yachilendo yosungirako kabichi imasungira malo m'chipinda chapansi pa nyumba
Ngakhale mitundu yabwino kwambiri ndi ma hybrids a mochedwa kabichi sanganame kwa nthawi yayitali, ngati simupereka zinthu zoyenera. Kabichi amasungidwa pamalo amdima komanso mpweya wabwino wabwino pa kutentha kwa 2-4ºº komanso chinyezi cha 65-75%.
Vidiyo: Kukolola kabichi ndikusunga
Ndemanga zamaluwa
Mutu wamwala - kabichi mochedwa, umayima mu tchubu pamaso pa chisanu popanda mavuto, ngati chimachotsedwa mpaka chisanu - chimasungidwa bwino kwambiri m'chipinda chapansi pa nyumba, chimawuma kupesa, kukoma kwake ndi kosangalatsa, kopanda pake, kopanda pake. Ndimadzala Languedaker inemwini, wokhazikika komanso wofiyira. Siliphulika, limakhala lonenepa, limakhala lokoma, ndipo limakhala bwino.
Advmaster21//dacha.wcb.ru/index.php?showtopic=49975
Ndidasankha kabichi Kolobok. Zosakhazikika, zing'onozing'ono, mitu yowonda kwambiri ya kabichi, yosungidwa bwino. Ndipo sauerkraut ndi wabwino, komanso watsopano. Ngati ma marigold abzalidwe kumanja ndi kumanzere, palibe mabatani. Zonse zabwino komanso zothandiza.
Nikola 1//dacha.wcb.ru/index.php?showtopic=49975
Ndimakonda kwambiri zosiyanasiyana kabichi Valentine. Zowona, sitinayesere kuchiritsa, koma chimasungidwa bwino - mpaka Marichi-Epulo osachepera, pomwe kununkhira ndi kununkhira sizikuwononga konse. Chapakatikati, mukadula mutu wa kabichi, zimangokhala ngati mumangoidula m'munda. Posachedwa, ndidangobzala pa mbande zanga, mbewu za Langedeaker ndi Zimovka zomwe sizinachitike chaka chimodzi.
Penzyak//dacha.wcb.ru/index.php?showtopic=49975
Kuyambira kumapeto, tidakulitsa nthawi yayitali mitundu ya Moscow Late-15. Ndimakonda mfundo yoti mchere umakhala wamitundu yambiri komanso kuti nkosavuta kuusamalira. Ali pa mwendo wokwera, kuluka ndikutuluka kumakhala bwino. Koma Moscow Late-9 ndi yosiyana: ndi squat, imaphimba dothi lozungulira lokha, koma imagwirizana kwambiri ndi keel. Posungidwa kwanthawi yayitali, tidzakhala ndi haibridi ya Valentine.
Liarosa//dacha.wcb.ru/index.php?showtopic=49975
Amager - osati chokoma kwambiri kabichi, mitundu yakale kwambiri. Kolobok adzakhala bwino. Msungwana wanga amalemekeza Megaton F1 - ndipo amasungidwa kwanthawi yayitali, ndipo mutha kupesa.
Esme//forum.prihoz.ru/viewtopic.php?t=2699&start=15
Kwa nthawi yayitali ndimalimbikitsa kabichi ya Valentine. Inde, imagona bwino komanso kwa nthawi yayitali. Chifukwa cha mchere, ndimakonda Ulemerero.
HDD//www.forumhouse.ru/threads/122577/
Nthawi zambiri ndimayika Late ya Moscow Late ndi Shuga Mkwatibwi mu cellar. Mitu ya kabichi imatha kukula, kuyambira 6 kg. Mutu wa kabichi ndi wandiweyani, umasungidwa bwino. Msuzi wa Shuga ndiwotsekemera.
Gost385147//www.forumhouse.ru/threads/122577/
Kharkov yozizira ndi gawo labwino. Imasungidwa kwanthawi yayitali;
Irishka//greenforum.com.ua/showthread.php?t=11&page=3
Ndili ndi kabichi. Aggressor agona mpaka masika, awa ndi osakanizidwa.
Nataliya Alex//greenforum.com.ua/showthread.php?t=11&page=4
Ndakhala ndikubzala kabichi ya Valentine kwa zaka zitatu. Imasungidwa bwino, mitu ya kabichi imakhala yofanana komanso yoyenera kuthamangitsidwa.
Mwana wamkazi wa Forester//www.nn.ru/community/dom/dacha/posovetuyte_sort_kapusty.html
Kututa mochedwa kabichi kuyenera kuyembekezera nthawi yayitali, koma kumalipira chifukwa chokhazikika pamitu ya kabichi. Kusamalira mbewu kumakhala ndi mfundo zake zomwe zimafunika kuphunzira pasadakhale, koma palibe chovuta pakukula mitundu yakucha-yakucha ndi ma hybrids. Nthawi zambiri kusankha kumakhala kovuta kwambiri kwa wolima dimba. Kupatula apo, dera lamtunda ndilochepa, ndipo pali mitundu yambiri ya zikhalidwe. Ndipo iliyonse ili ndi zoyenereza zake zosatsutsika.
