Ampel petunia - kukula mu cache-poto ndi kudzikongoletsa

Maluwa odabwitsa a petunias sangasiye aliyense wokonda maluwa. Mutha kukumana ndi zitsamba zonunkhira pafupifupi kulikonse. Ubwino waukulu wa udzu osakhalitsa ndi wamtunda wautali wamaluwa komanso wosazindikira. Ziphuphu sizimayambitsa kusokonekera, zimakhala zokongoletsera zenizeni za maluwa.

Zomwe zimachitika polima ndi kusamalira ma petuni ambiri

Kuti tikule zochulukitsa za petunia kuchokera kumbewu, ndikofunikira kusankha zinthu zabwino kwambiri zobzala zomwe zimapangidwa ndi wopanga akunja. Ndikwabwino kuchita nawo pofesa mbewu m'chaka. Asanafike maluwa amitundu yaying'ono, masabata 10 ayenera kudutsa. Zomera zazikulu maluwa zimayamba kuphuka patadutsa milungu 12 mutabzala.

Ampelic Petunia

Dothi lodzala liyenera kukhala lotayirira, lopatsa thanzi komanso lopukutidwa bwino. Asanabzale, nthangala zimanyowetsedwa kwa mphindi 30 mpaka 40. yankho la potaziyamu permanganate.

Njira zatsiku ndi tsiku:

1. Pamwamba pansi pa thankiyo kuti mubzale, pangani mabowo omwe madzi othawa amatha kuthawa.
2. Pansi pa chidebe, gawo laling'ono la miyala yamtengo wapatali kapena dongo lokulitsa limayikidwa. Makulidwe osanjikiza sayenera kupitilira 2 cm.
3. Mbewu zimamwazidwa panthaka yomwe idathiridwa. Chombocho chimakutidwa ndi zinthu za polyethylene.
4. Kuwaza nyemba ndi dothi sikofunikira. Mphika umayikidwa pawindo, woyatsa bwino ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa. Ultraviolet imathandizira kuyambitsa ndi kulimbikitsa kukula kwa mbewu. Kuti mbewu imere, ndikofunikira kusunga kutentha kwa 23-25 ​​° C mchipindacho.
5. Tsiku lililonse, polyethylene kuchokera mumphika amachotsedwa kwa mphindi zingapo kuti mpweya wabwino ufike.
6. Pambuyo pa masiku 6-7, mbande zoyambirira zimatuluka, zomwe zimafunikira kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa tsiku lililonse. Pambuyo kumera kwa mbewu, kutentha kwa chipinda kumachepa ndi madigiri angapo.
7. Mtengo woyamba utawonekera, mbande zimakhala m'malo osiyanasiyana. Mutha kuyamba kutola panthawi yomwe tsamba lachisanu limaonekera.
8. Pambuyo kukanikiza, petunia amathanso kubzyala panthaka.
9. Pakakulitsa mbande, ndikofunikira kuti nyowetsani nthaka m'nthawi yake. Mabasi amafa chifukwa chowuma kwambiri pamtunda, ndipo chinyezi chochulukirapo chimayambitsa matenda omwe ali ndi matenda oyamba ndi fungus. Kutsirira koyenera kwa petunias ndizochepa komanso mwadongosolo.

M'masabata oyamba, mbande za herbaceous perennials zimayamba pang'onopang'ono. Komabe, musadandaule, nthawi imeneyi chomera chimayang'ana kumanga mizu. Kukula kwa petunias patatha masiku 14 kudzayamba kugwira ntchito. Pakadutsa milungu inayi iliyonse, ndikofunikira kuthira feteleza wapadera m'nthaka kuti athandize maluwa kuzika mizu.

Ampelic petunia, kulima komwe sikumayambitsa zovuta, kudzakhala kukongoletsa kwenikweni kwa malowa.

Petunias: chisamaliro ndikulimidwa mumphika wamphaka

Musanayambe ntchito yobzala yosatha, ndikofunikira kuti muzidziwa bwino kukula ndi kusamalira bwino petunia. Mukamasankha mphika wa kache, ndikofunikira kuganizira mtundu wa mbewu yomwe ibzalidwe kunyumba. Zophatikiza ndi ma lita asanu ndizabwino kubzala zipatso zapamwamba. Kwa pererynials, phala-cache ndi yokwanira, voliyumu yake ndi malita atatu. Mutha kuyika tchire zingapo za petunia wamkulu kuti maukongoletsedwewo akhale ndi mawonekedwe. Tchuthi zitatu za petunia zokulirapo zingabzalidwe nthawi yomweyo mumtsuko woyezera 40X18X15 cm.

Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuganizira kufunikira kwa madzi akumwa. M'pofunika kuyala chigawo chaching'ono cha thovu pamwamba pa poto-poto, chomwe chimamwa chinyezi chambiri.

Kubzala Ampel petunia

Pofuna kuti dothi lisaphwe mumphika, akatswiri amalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito hydrogel kapena vermiculite. Ma hydrogel amayenera kuyamba kunyowa m'madzi. M'malo mwa madzi a hydrogel, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito njira yothira maluwa. Vermiculite imasakanikirana ndi dothi pakukonzekera kosakaniza kwa dothi. Ndikofunika kuwonjezera pang'onopang'ono feteleza wosungunuka pang'onopang'ono ndi dothi losakaniza.

Cache-mphika mu buluu ndi zoyera

Ma peuni awiri okhala ndi maluwa opakidwa utoto wabuluu obzalidwa mumiphika. Pakati pa tchire ziwiri, alissum imabzalidwa ndikufundidwa ndi filimu yowonekera. Pakapita masiku angapo, mbewuzo zimayamba kumera. Zinthu zakanema zimatha kuchotsedwa.

Pakutha maluwa, mawonekedwe ofanana ndi mtambo onunkhira wa oyera oyera okhala ndi maluwa abuluu a petunias kumapeto amapezeka. Pankhani yodzala mbande za maluwa kumapeto kwa masika, miphika imatha kutengedwera kunja. Komabe, sabata yoyamba ndikwabwino kugwira maluwa m'malo otetezeka. Izi zikuthandizira njira yosinthira kuzinthu zatsopano ndikupangitsa kuti azikula.

Mapangidwe apamwamba a petunia

Mitundu ya petunia yopambana idapangidwa kuti ipange zitsamba zobiriwira. Anthu achikulire osamba safunika kusinthika. Komabe, akuyenera kuchotsa masamba ndi bokosi la mbewu. Kugwirizana ndi izi kumapangitsa kuti petunia ibweretsenso mphamvu zake pakupanga masamba ena omwe amatha kutulutsa ndi kusangalatsa mwiniwake.

Kuti muchite nawo chidwi chakukula kwa mphukira yakhazikikidwe komanso kupangika kolondola kwa petunia, kudina pakati mwa mphukira sikuyenera kunyalanyazidwa. Mungachite bwanji:

1. Njira yopanga mmera imayamba m'mawa kwambiri. Kutsina kumachitika panthawi yomwe tsamba lachisanu limawonekera patchire.
2. Mbali yam'munsi ya tsinde imachotsedwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kukula kwa kugona kwapafupika pa tsinde.
3. Chifukwa cha kupanikizika, zitsamba zatsopano zimayamba kupanga pachitsamba, kumakula mpaka m'mbali ndi kumtunda.
4. Nthawi zina, njirayi imatha kuchitika mobwerezabwereza, zomwe zimathandiza kukwaniritsa zitsamba kwambiri. Kudumphanso pakati kumachitika ndi masiku 30. Kuti muthane ndi kutha kwa phesi, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mpeni wakuthwa kapena lumo. Ma secateurs amagwiritsidwa ntchito kudulira anthu akuluakulu akuluakulu.
5. Pambuyo pakupanga chitsamba cha ampel, udzu wobiriwira umayamba kukula mwachangu. Pakadina, alimi odziwa maluwa amalimbikitsa kuphatikiza umuna.
6. Pa njira iliyonse, kudina pang'ono kumachotsedwa gawo limodzi lokha lachitatu la herbaceous osatha. Kuchotsa gawo lalikulu la zitsamba nthawi kungachititse kuti chitsamba chife.

Amp Petunia Kukonkha

Ampoule Petunia Kusamalira Maluwa Ochulukirapo

Kusamalidwa bwino kwa petunia kumakupatsani mwayi wopeza mbewu yobiriwira komanso yayitali. Pansipa pali zinthu zofunika kwambiri pa chisamaliro chomera zomwe zimakupatsani mwayi kuti mumere chitsamba chabwino ndikukhala ndi maluwa ambiri, kukana matenda. Ampoule petunia, chisamaliro chomwe ndichopepuka, chidzakhala chokongoletsera chenicheni cha bedi la maluwa.

Mavalidwe apamwamba

Kudyetsa masamba a udzu kumayenera kukhala pafupipafupi. Umuna woyamba umagwiritsidwa ntchito patsiku la 14 mutabzala mbewu. Kubwerezanso kuyenera kuchitika pambuyo masiku 10.

Ndikofunika kupatsa mbewuyo ndi chitsulo. Ndi vuto la chinthu chofunikira ichi, petunias amayamba kudwala chlorosis, zomwe ndi masamba achikasu. Kuti mupewe matenda otere, ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zake. Mothandizidwa ndi kukonzekera kwamadzimadzi, kupewa kapena kuchiritsa zitsamba kumachitika sabata limodzi.

Mavalidwe a humic and organic top, kulowetsedwa kwa mullein amapatsidwa mphamvu zambiri. Chitsamba chachikulire chimatha kudyetsedwa kamodzi pa sabata. Poterepa, muzu wamtunduwu ndi osakhala muzu ayenera kusintha. Kuti tikwaniritse maluwa ambiri m'chipindacho, chomwe wofesayo amakula mumphika, mpofunika kukhazikitsa michere yambiri yomwe ndi gawo limodzi la feteleza wovuta.

Mukabzala, ndikofunikira kuthira mbewu ndi succinic acid, yomwe imathandizira kuyang'anira microflora m'nthaka komanso kukula kwa petunia. Aspino acid momwe mbewuzo zimathandizidwira zimapangitsa kuti herbaceous osatha azitha kuthana ndi matenda aliwonse komanso kupilira nthawi yopuma. Ngakhale mankhwala ochulukirapo a feteleza sangapweteke.

Popewa kukula kwa matendawa, mwendo wakuda, ndikofunikira kuwonjezera peat pang'ono pazosakaniza zadothi. Kugwirizana ndi malingaliro oterewa kumapewa kupewa chinyezi.

Kudyetsa ziweto

Kuthirira

Chilala chambiri nthawi zambiri chimatha kupha zitsamba zapamwamba za petunia. Masamba a chomera akuyamba kuphukira, maluwa amafanana ndi ziphuphu. Ngati dothi limakhala louma kwakanthawi, ndiye kuti osatha akhoza kupulumutsidwa. Izi zimatenga masiku angapo kudzaza tchire ndi madzi ambiri. Kuyanika dothi pafupipafupi kumabweretsa:

• kuyanika kwa unyinji wobiriwira;
• masamba achikasu;
• kufota maluwa;
• kuchepa chitetezo chokwanira;
• kutaya mawonekedwe.

Chapakatikati, ndikokwanira kuthirira maluwa kamodzi patsiku. M'chilimwe, pafupipafupi kuthirira mbewuyo kumachuluka mpaka kawiri pa tsiku. Ndikofunika kuti muzinyowetsa nthaka m'mawa ndi nthawi yamadzulo. Zikakhala kuti sikotheka kupereka madzi okwanira, alimi odziwa bwino amalimbikitsa kuti abweretse gawo laling'ono la hydrogel mu dothi losakaniza. Komanso chifukwa chaichi, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito kontena yopangira ceramic, yomwe imakupatsani mwayi wothira dothi mokwanira.

Kuthirira mafuta ochulukirapo ayenera kukhala ochulukirapo. Madzi akuyenera kuchotsedwa mu dzenje la madziwo. Iyi ndiye njira yokhayo yotsimikizirira kukhathamiritsa lokwanira kwa zadothi m'mphika.

Mukanyowetsa malo otseguka ndi petunia wobzalidwa kumapeto kwa masika, ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti mumdima, kutentha kwa mpweya kumakhala kotsika kwambiri kwa osatha. Chifukwa chake, kuthirira pambuyo pa 18:00 ndikosavomerezeka. Kutsatira izi ndikuthandizira kupewa hypothermia ya mizu. Zomera zomwe zimamera pabalaza, sizikugwira ntchito.

M'miyezi yopanda chilimwe, alimi odziwa bwino amalimbikitsa kuwonjezera kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi madzi ofunda kuchokera mfuti yolusa. Malangizowa ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yopewera kuukira kwa akangaude ndi njira yabwino yonyowa yamadzi. Kuti muchiritse ndikulimbitsa mbewu, muyenera kupopera tchire madzulo aliwonse. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuchitira njira zonyowetsa dzuwa litalowa. Kupanda kutero, kuwala kwa dzuwa kudzadutsa m'malovu amadzi omwe agwera pa masamba ndikupangitsa kutentha kwa pepalalo.

Ampelic petunias

Matenda ndi Tizilombo

Ampelic petunia sili m'gulu lazomera zopanda pake, komabe, tizirombo tina titha kuononga.

Chochulukitsa chomwe chimayambitsa chitsamba ndi powdery mildew. Mithunzi yoyera ndi fungo la bowa mitundu kuchokera pansi pa chobiriwira chobiriwira. Udzu umasanduka wachikasu ndipo umataya turgor, utapachikidwa ndi chigamba chopanda moyo pach chitsamba. Kuti muthane ndi vuto losasangalatsa, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala oletsa kuteteza thupi:

• maziko;
• emarodi;
• topazi.

Nthawi zambiri, olima maluwa amadandaula za kuchuluka kwa midges pafupi ndi tchire losatha. Kuti muthane ndi vuto la kufiyira kwa nthomba, zomwe zimatha kuzungulira chomera, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala atizilombo:

• Actars
• Actellika
• phytoerm.

Mankhwala omwewo angagwiritsidwe ntchito kuthana ndi akangaude - tizilombo toyambitsa matenda omwe amafala kwambiri omwe amakhudza petunia wamphamvu. Arachnids, yomwe ili pansi pa msipu wobiriwira, amayamwa timadziti ndikuyambitsa imfa ya osatha.

Tizilombo ta Petunia

Ampelic petunia ndi herbaceous osatha, chifukwa kulima komwe ndikofunikira kuti mudziwe bwino zomwe zimachitika posamalira. Kuperewera kwa chidziwitso choyenera sikulola wopanga mbewu pang'ono kuti akwaniritse maluwa ambiri. Ofuna kuphunzira za ampulu petunia akhoza kumera mmera uliwonse wamtunda ndikusangalala ndi maluwa ambiri pamtchire ndi kununkhira kwa osatha. Mukakusamalirani bwino, mutha kumera chomera chokongola modabwitsa.