Rhododendron ndi chomera cha shrub cha banja la Heather, chodziwika ndi maluwa akulu ndi masamba owala. Duwa limakhala ngati chomera chokongoletsera. Mwa alimi, omwe amadziwika kuti "Alpine Rose". Mitundu ya Rhododendron ndi yochulukirapo: imaphatikizapo zitsamba zobiriwira nthawi zonse komanso zowoneka bwino, komanso mitengo yaying'ono. Nthenga zimadziwika chifukwa cha kuthekera "kwalamulira" zamatenda ndi tizilombo: amasintha mtundu wamasamba. Rhododendron ikasanduka chikasu, si aliyense amadziwa choti achite. Akatswiri amalangizidwa kuyambira pakukhazikitsa chifukwa. Izi zikuthandizani kudziwa mankhwalawo.
Zomwe zimayambitsa chikasu cha rhododendron
Rhododendron, monga mbewu zambiri m'munda, nthawi zina zimatembenuka mwadzidzidzi, motero ndikofunikira kudziwa zoyenera kuchita mukatero. Nthawi zambiri, izi zimachitika chifukwa kuphwanya malamulo a chisamaliro, matenda ndi tizilombo.
Mu wathanzi masamba a Rhododendron ndi emarodi obiriwira
Kusagwirizana ndi malamulo a ulimi wothirira
Chimodzi mwazifukwa zomwe masamba a Rhododendron amatembenukira chikasu ndikuphwanya "ukadaulo" wa kuthirira. Alpine rose ndi hygrophilous. Madzi osowa amadzaza ndiuma, chikaso komanso masamba akugwa. Kuchuluka kwa hydrate sikungabweretsere phindu: mizu yake imayamba kuvunda.
Kuti mudziwe chomera chambiri chomera, muyenera kutenga dothi lapansi pansi pa chitsamba. Ngati madontho amizidwa kuchokera pamenepo, ndiye kuti pali madzi ambiri. Thumba lonyansa likuwonetsa kusowa kwa madzi. Chinyezi cholimba chimawonekera mu nthaka ya dothi: chotupa chimapangika mosavuta kuchokera pamenepo.
Zofunika! Mitengo ithandiza kukhalabe chinyezi chofunikira. Ngati mumabzala duwa la m'mapiri mumtambo wa chomera chanthete (mwachitsanzo, paini), madziwo amasintha pang'onopang'ono.
Rhododendron "amakonda" madzi acidified, motero tikulimbikitsidwa kusakaniza ndi:
- mandimu;
- viniga;
- oxalic acid.
Kutsirira kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito njira ya owaza.
Dothi la acidil ndi chinsinsi cha thanzi la alpine rose
Kuwala
Rhododendron imatembenuza chikasu posachedwa ndi dzuwa ndipo "limakonda" malo amdima. Izi ziyenera kuganiziridwa posankha malo ogona maluwa.
Ngati ndi kotheka, shading imapangidwa mwadala: mbewuyo imakutidwa ndi nsalu ya hema kapena polycarbonate. Njira yoyenera ndikuwunikira duwa lamapiri mumthunzi wa nyumba, zitsamba kapena mitengo.
Zowononga dongosolo
Rhododendrons amadziwika ndi mizu yopanda mizu. Itha kuwonongeka osati pakukula, komanso nthawi yolima, kumasula ngakhale kufinya kwa dothi. Pofuna kupewa kuteteza masamba, thunthu limazungulira ndi:
- masamba a oak;
- pine singano;
- mkulu peat;
- moss.
Kutalika kwake kuyenera kukhala 5 cm.
Zofunika! Mumasuleni dothi pansi pa Rhododendron mosamala kwambiri. Ambiri wamaluwa amakana kwathunthu chithandizo chotere.
Dothi labwino kwambiri
Ngati wolima sadziwa chochita, ngati Rhododendron ali ndi masamba achikasu, ayenera kuyamba mwa kupenda nthaka.
Kuti mutukule bwino, ma rhododendrons amafunikira nthaka ya asidi: sangalandire zinthu zofunikira kuchokera ku dothi losaloledwa. Peat yamahatchi ndi zinyalala zowola zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kale. Kuphatikizika kwa dothi kumayendetsedwa pogwiritsa ntchito citric acid, electrolyte, colloidal sulfure.
Rhododendron imangokhala dothi lokhala ndi acidic
Feteleza woipa
Mkhalidwe wa mbewu mwachindunji zimatengera mtundu wa feteleza.
Rhododendrons imatembenuka chikasu ngati mugwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe:
- Phulusa. Imachepetsa acidity ya dothi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale chlorosis. Matendawa amawonekera chikaso pakati pa mitsempha yamasamba.
- Superphosphates. Feteleza wa mtundu uwu ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala. Phosphate yowonjezera imayambitsa kusowa kwazitsulo, zomwe zimakwiyitsa kukula kwa chlorosis.
- Chlorine ndi laimu yochokera kutumphuka. Imawononga mycorrhiza yofunikira kuti acidization nthaka ikhale.
- Zofunika feteleza m'migolo. Mankhwalawa amapangidwira kuti muzikulira ma rhododendron m'malo otentha. Zimathandizira kukula kwa mphukira zatsopano kumapeto kwa Ogasiti, omwe adzafa ndi kuyamba kwa dzinja.
Zofunika! Kudyetsa rhododendrons, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza amadzimadzi amkaka. Amakhala otanganidwa.
Zovala zachilengedwe sizothandiza kwenikweni kuposa kusungunuka
Ma inflorescence samachotsedwa
Kuti maluwa a rose alpine akhale athanzi, muyenera kuchotsa mafuta onse munthawi yake. Izi zikuthandizira kuti masamba asasole chikaso ndikupanga "zisoti" za Rhododendron kukhala zokongola kwambiri.
Ma inflorescence amaswa mosavuta manja. Chinthu chachikulu sikuti kuwononga mphukira zazing'ono. M'malo mwa inflorescence yakale, atsopano atatu adzaoneka, ndipo masamba adzasungabe utoto wobiriwira.
Tizilombo timatha kudwala chikaso
Kuti mumvetsetse chifukwa chake masamba a Rhododendron adasanduka achikasu, mutha kuyang'ana tchire. Zomera zam'munda nthawi zambiri zimakhudzidwa ndi tizirombo, ndipo duwa la mapira ndi chimodzimodzi.
Rhododendron cholakwika
Kupezeka kwa tizilombo kumatsimikizika ndi kusintha kwa mtundu wa tsamba: choyamba imakhala yobiriwira, kenako chikaso. Gawo lam'munsi limakutidwa ndi chimbudzi. Amawoneka ngati chinthu chomata.
Rhododendron cholakwika pafupi
Masamba akakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi tizirombo, masamba ake amapindika ndipo amagwa.
Kuti muchotse nsikidzi, rhododendron imafafaniza ndi mankhwala a Karbofos kapena BI-58.
Yang'anani! Chingwe cha Rhododendron chitha kuwononga tchire lonse.
Mealybug
Tizilombo timeneti ndi ofanana ndi zopezeka zazing'ono za ubweya wa thonje. Nyongolotsiyo imamatirira kumtunda kwa pepalalo ndipo imalumikizidwa ndi ma infode. Dothi louma komanso kuthirira ochepa kumapangitsa kuti kubereka. Mealybug salekerera chinyezi chachikulu.
Zofunika! Pamaso mankhwala mankhwala a Rhododendron, tizilombo timachotsedwa pamasamba pamanja. Mtengowo umapukutidwa ndi thonje la thonje lowiikidwa m'madzi amchere.
Pambuyo pa mankhwalawa koyamba, rhododendron imafafaniza ndi mankhwala ochita kupha tizilombo. Confidor ndi Aktara achita.
Mealybug imadziwika mosavuta chifukwa chofanana ndi mipira ya thonje
Ma nsabwe
Imodzi mwa tizirombo tambiri.
Aphid amakhudza kumbuyo kwa masamba. Pang'onopang'ono amatembenuka, nkusintha chikasu.
Amalimbana ndi nsabwe za m'masamba mothandizidwa ndi Confidor, Actellik, Nurela D.
Ma nsabwe posachedwa zimakhudza mkati mwa tsamba
Kuponya kwakuda
Tizilombo timatulutsa timiyala tachikuto pamwamba pa pepalalo. Mabowo akumunsi okhala ndi m'mphepete wakuda. Madera okhudzidwa ndi okutidwa ndi mawanga a bulauni ndi imvi. Masamba odwala amasanduka achikasu, kenako nkugwapo.
Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a Organophosphorous timathandizira kuti tipewe kupindika. Mwachitsanzo, Atom, Fostran, Dishans, Eurodim.
Masamba amadya masamba a Rhododendron, kusiya mabowo
Khrushchev
Khrushchev ndi mphutsi za Maybug.
Imawonongera mizu, imapangitsa masamba kutembenukira chikaso ndikuphukira. Nthawi zina, amawombera.
Pali mankhwala ambiri omwe amatha kuwononga chichulukacho. Kutchuka kwambiri:
- Anti-crunch;
- Bazudin;
- Actara;
- Zemlin;
- Nemabakt.
Mphutsi za Maybug zimatha kusanduka vuto lenileni ngati simupereka nthawi ya Rhododendron
"Chemistry" ichotsa mwachangu zipatso zam'mapiri za tiziromboti. Chinthu chachikulu ndikuchitapo kanthu pakapita nthawi.
Ndi matenda ati omwe angayambitse chikasu cha masamba
Rhododendrons makamaka amatha kutenga matenda opatsirana komanso fungus. Amafooketsa mbewuyo, kuwononga mizu, kuyambitsa chikaso ndi masamba akugwa.
Seporia
Amawerengedwa kuti ndi nthenda yowopsa kwambiri ya fungus ku rhododendrons.
Imadziwoneka yokha pakupanga mawanga ofiira pamasamba, ikukula msanga. Pakapita kanthawi, Zizindikiro zimayamba kuyeguka. Masamba amawuma, amatembenuka chikasu, kenako, nkugwa.
Yang'anani! Ngati chithandizo sichinayambike zizindikiro yoyamba itayamba, Rhododendron atha kusiya masamba.
Mutha kuthana ndi matendawa pochotsa gawo la chitsamba ndikuchiza chomeracho ndi bowa. Mwachitsanzo, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito Ridomil Gold.
Septoria ndiosavuta kuzindikira polemba zikwangwani
Chlorosis
Chlorosis nthawi zambiri imayambitsa chikasu cha rhododendrons. Matendawa amayamba chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa michere m'nthaka: nayitrogeni kapena chitsulo. Nthawi zambiri, zimachitika mchaka. Chlorosis amawonekera pakusintha kwamtundu wa masamba: imakhala yotumbululuka, imasanduka chikasu, imakhala yothina.
Chlorosis amathandizidwa ndi kuvala kwachitsulo. Njira yothandiza kwambiri yamadzimadzi yomwe mutha kuthira masamba. Nthawi zambiri, iron sulfate ndi citric acid amagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Chlorosis - matenda a alpine rose
Fusarium
Ndi fungal matenda a mizu. Matendawa amayamba ndi chikasu, kuyanika masamba, ndikutha ndi kufa kwa mphukira.
Zofunika! Matenda a Fusarium amafunika chithandizo chamanthawi yomweyo ndi fungicides. Mwachitsanzo, Bactofit ndiyabwino.
Fusariosis imakwiyitsa kupukuta masamba
Zoyenera kuchita kupulumutsa mbewu
Kuti mumvetsetse zoyenera kuchita masamba a Rhododendron akamatha kapena kutembenukira chikasu, muyenera kudziwa chomwe chimayambitsa. Poyamba, wunikani kuchuluka kwa chomera chomwe chomera chimalandira. Rhododendron imakhudzana nthawi yomweyo ndikuchepetsa. Kuthirira duwa la mapiri kuyenera kukhala kokulirapo.
Ndi matenda a chomera, ziwalo zowonongeka za chitsamba zimadulidwa mosamala, ndipo masamba amawachira ndi tizirombo mbali zonse ziwiri. Nthawi zina (mwachitsanzo, ndi chlorosis), chithandizo chimathandizidwa ndi kuvala kwamphamvu.
Ndikofunikanso kuyan'ana kuchuluka kwa nthaka.
Zofunika! Zizindikiro ziyenera kufanana ndi 3-4.5 pH. Ngati ndi kotheka, dothi limaphatikizidwa.
Kuphatikiza apo, pali kuthekera kwakanidwa kwa nthaka panthaka. Kuti mupewe izi, mtanda wa dothi umagwedezeka pamizu. Ngati chomera "sichikonda" dothi, mizu yake singadutse kupitilira kukalamba ndipo rhododendron idzafa.
Kodi chiwopsezo cha kusokoneza masamba ndi chiani?
Kusintha kwamtundu wa rhododendrons kumatha kukhala chifukwa cha zachilengedwe. Mwachitsanzo, kuyambika kwa yophukira. Potere, yeretsani ndi kuchotsa masamba owuma.
Duwa la Alpine la Autumn limasintha mtundu wamasamba
Kupaka utoto m'miyezi yotentha ndi chizindikiro cholakwika. Itha kuchitika chifukwa cha matenda oyamba ndi mafangasi kapena kuoneka ngati tizirombo. Madontho ndi kuwonongeka kwa tsamba kumawonetsa bwino mbewu. Pankhaniyi, simungachite popanda kusunthira kama wamaluwa kumalo osinthika. Ndikofunikira kuchitira rhododendron ndi wothandizira mankhwala, mutachotsa masamba omwe akudwala.
Zofunika! Chikasu cha "chosakonzekera" cha Rhododendron chikuwoneka ndi imfa ya mphukira zazing'ono ndi chitsamba pachokha. Kusintha kwamtundu kumatanthauza kuchepa kwa michere, kuchepa kwa nthaka acidity, kuwonongeka kwa makina komanso matenda owopsa. Chifukwa chake, chizindikiro ichi sichinganyalanyazidwe.
Kupewa
Monga mukudziwa, ndikosavuta kupewa zinthu zosasangalatsa m'malo kuthana nazo.
Kuteteza chikasu cha masamba mu rhododendrons ndi motere:
- Kuthirira nthawi zonse.
- Malo omwe bedi lamaluwa limakhazikika m'malo otumphuka (kasupe ndi nthawi yotentha maluwa otsetsereka kwambiri amawonekera bwino dzuwa).
- Kusunga mulingo wofunikira wa nthaka acidity (mkati mwa 3-4.5 pH).
- Kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kwa masamba.
- Kuthirira mbewu ndi antifungal mankhwala ndi njira zochizira panjirayi.
- Kukana kumasula dothi ndikuchotsa udzu: mizu yayandikira pafupi.
Chifukwa chake, kuti timvetsetse chifukwa chake masamba a Rhododendron amagwa kapena kutembenukira chikasu, ndikofunikira kupenda momwe mbewu imakhalira. Kupanga malo abwino m dzikolo ndikosavuta. Ngati mumasamalira bwino Rhododendron, izisangalatsa maluwa kwa nthawi yoposa chaka chimodzi.
