Zambiri zokhudzana ndi duwa la hemanthus zidayamba kuwonekera mu 1753. Mafotokozedwe ake adapangidwa ndi wasayansi wotchuka wa ku Sweden, Carl Linnaeus. Chifukwa chiyani maluwa a hemanthus adalandira dzinali? Zidachitika kuti mawu achi Greek "haemo" ndi "anthos" amatanthauzira ngati "maluwa wamagazi."
Mwachilengedwe, muli mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya hemanthus, koma mtundu wofiyira wamba umadziwika kuti ndiye woyamba. Mu 1984, adasankhidwa kukhala mtundu wosiyana wa banja la Amaryllis.
Mitundu ya Hemanthus
Pakadali pano mitundu 22 ya hemanthus ndiyodziwika. Dziko lakwawo ndi lotentha ku Africa ndi Namibia. Chomera chambiri ichi ndichofanana ndi amaryllis.
Hemanthus Katarina
Maluwa a Hemanthus amakhala ndi fungo linalake. Pazoweta zakunyumba, mitundu yodziwika bwino ndi:
- Maluwa oyera - ambiri pakati maluwa maluwa. Imakhala ndi masamba otambalala, okhala ndi masamba ofanana ndi lilime logwira. Ali ndi mafupi afupipafupi koma amphamvu okhala ndi maluwa oyera. Masamba ndiwobiriwira.
Zoyera zoyera
- Linden - nthawi zambiri amapezeka m'madimba. Maluwa amakula pansi, amakhala ndi mapesi atali ndi masamba omwe adakhazikitsidwa mizere iwiri. Mtambo wa mita imodzi umasiyanitsa Linden ndi mitundu ina ya hemanthus.
- Multiplowered - wosiyanitsidwa ndi kukhalapo kwa peduncle wautali ndi masamba akulu akulu. Nyengo, kuchuluka kwa inflorescence kumafika pa 50 mpaka 90.
Zosiyanasiyana
- Katarina - amakhala ndi masamba ataliitali pamapeto abodza. Mu mtundu wofiirira wofiira wa inflorescence. Maluwa kumapeto kwa chirimwe kwa milungu inayi. Pambuyo maluwa, zipatso zofiira ngati mabulosi zimamangidwa. Ogwira ntchito zamaluwa amati Hemanthus Katarina ndiye wotchuka kwambiri wamaluwa wamba pakati pa maluwa ofanana.
- Choyera choyera - chofanana kwambiri ndi hemanthus yoyera-yoyera. Kusiyana kwake ndi m'mphepete patsamba loyandikira komanso kumbuyo kwa masamba.
- Sharlahovy - ali ndi masamba amodzi ndi theka okhala ndi malembedwe ofiira. Peduncle anawona. Nthawi yamaluwa ndi yophukira.
Scarlet
- Pomegranate - ndi mtundu wa hemanthus wokhala ndi ma inflorescence okongola mpaka 10cm. Masamba ali ndi mawonekedwe achikopa okhala ndi mawonekedwe ofiira owoneka bwino ndi m'mbali mwa wavy. Limamasula bwino kuyambira Julayi mpaka Januware.
- Brindle Haemanthus tigrinus ndi mtengo wochititsa chidwi kwambiri wokhala ndi mitengo. Kutalika kwa masamba ake kumafika masentimita 45, ndi kobiriwira. Pamunsi pamasamba pamakhala masamba otuwa.
Yang'anani! Mitundu yonse ya hemanthus ndi poyizoni. Kudula masamba, ngati kuwonongeka, kuyenera kuchitidwa ndi magolovesi. Pambuyo pogwira ntchito ndi maluwa, muyenera kusamba m'manja mokwanira.
Chisamaliro cha Hemanthus
Hemanthus samapezeka kawirikawiri pakupanga nyama. Kusamalidwa moyenera kwa hemanthus kunyumba kumakupatsani mwayi wokhala ndi maluwa ndi maluwa omwe akuyembekezeka.
Kusankha dothi ndi mphika
M'misika yogulitsa maluwa, hemanthus, monga maluwa onse, amagulitsidwa mumphika wonyamula. Pambuyo pakuthamangitsidwa, imasinthidwa ndikukhala mumphika. Mphika umasankhidwa pamwamba, popeza babu umakhala ndi mizu yayitali yomwe imafunikira kuyikidwa mosamala mumphika ukamadzaza.
Mtunda wochokerako mpaka kukhoma la mphika suyenera kupitirira 3 cm. Mutha kuthilira mbewu kawiri pachaka, ngati ichulukitsa pang'ono, chaka chilichonse komanso zaka 2-3 zilizonse. Izi ndi njira zamaluwa.
Yang'anani! Ngati ndikofunikira kuti akatswiri otulutsa maluwa aziwona maluwa a hemanthus, mphika uyenera kukhala wapafupi, koma ngati cholinga ndikupeza mababu aakazi, mphikawo uyenera kukhala wofalikira.
Oyambira ayenera kulabadira nthaka. Pansi pa mphikawo muyenera kuphimbidwa ndi ngalande kuti madzi asasunthike komanso mizu yake isavunde. Dothi limagulitsidwa malo ogulitsa maluwa. Hemanthus amafunika dothi lowala. Ichi ndi gawo lapadziko lonse lapansi kapena dothi lapamwamba pazomera zokongoletsera ndikuphatikiza makala, nthaka ya coconut ndi humus.
Hemanthus mizu
Kuthirira ndi kudyetsa
Zomera za babu sizimakonda kukokoloka kwa nthaka m'nthaka. Hemanthus samachita bwino ngati chinyezi chambiri. Kusamalira kunyumba kumamuthirira pang'ono. Olima maluwa odziwa kudziwa kuti duwa lamkati limaloleza chilala mosavuta.
Nthaka imanyowetsedwa mu nthawi ya masika ndi chilimwe ndimakonda kupezeka kamodzi pakadutsa milungu itatu. Njira yofooka ya feteleza wa mchere imathiridwa mu thireyi, pomwe mphika wamaluwa umayikidwa kwa mphindi 20. Mwa osmosis, mmera uzilandira zakudya zonse zomwe zimafunikira.
Kutentha ndi kuyatsa
Zomera zimakonda kuwala, koma osati kowala. Duwa limamverera bwino pazenera la windows loyang'ana kum'mawa ndi kumadzulo. Poto wa maluwa amafunika kuzunguliridwa, kutipatsa mwayi wopanga masamba.
Feteleza wa Hemanthus
Pokhala chomera cha thermophilic, hemanthus sakonda kusinthasintha kwa kutentha, makamaka kumbali yakuzizira. Ngati agula m'sitolo m'nyengo yozizira, ayenera kukonzekereratu kunyumba kunyumba kosangalatsa. Kutentha kwabwino komwe duwa limamera ndipo limamasula kuyambira + 18 ° mpaka + 22 ° C.
Munthawi yachisanu yozizira, yomwe imakhala kuyambira Disembala mpaka Epulo, hemanthus imasungidwa pamalo abwino. Ndikofunikira kuti kutentha sikunakhale kwakukulu kuposa + 15 ° C. Kwa izi, khonde lofunda kapena loggia mu nyumba kapena khonde munyumbayo ndi loyenera. Hemanthus sakonda kusayenda kwamlengalenga, chipinda chilichonse chimafunikira kuti pakhale mpweya wabwino.
Mavuto okula
Hemanthus - wodzala mbewu. Limamasula chaka chilichonse ndi kulima koyenera. Komabe, olima maluwa amakumana ndi mavuto ena pomwe masamba ayamba kufota, masamba nkuuma, ndipo maluwa atasiya. Kodi ndichifukwa chiyani izi?
Maluwa a Hemanthus
Kukula pang'ono
Ndikofunika kuyang'anira nthaka mu mphika ndi chomera. Mwina amafunika feteleza. Tizilombo ndi matenda zimatha kusokoneza kukula kwa mbewu. Muyenera kuyang'ana duwa ndikuchita zoyenera kuti muchepetse tizirombo kapena matenda.
Masamba
Zomwe zimapangitsa kuti khungu liziphukira zikuphatikiza chinyezi komanso kuphwanya kwa kutentha. Potere, mphika wamaluwa umayikidwa mu chipinda chomwe mulibe chinyezi, muyenera kuyimitsanso nthaka ndikuyamba kuthirira pang'ono.
Chifukwa chiyani hemanthus amatembenukira masamba achikasu
Pakhoza kukhala zifukwa zingapo. Uku ndi kuchulukitsa kwanyontho m'nthaka kapena kuyanika. Kodi kuchokera kusefukira kuyamba kuvunda babu wazomera. Tizilombo m'nthaka tikhozanso kupangitsa kuti masamba ake akhale achikasu. Kodi amalimbikitsa pankhaniyi ndi olima maluwa odziwa bwino omwe nawonso adawona zinthu zofananira m'nyumba zawo?
Tcherani khutu! Ndikofunika kuchita ndikusintha kwa ulimi wothirira osakhuta komanso osapukuta nthaka mumphika. Ngati pali mphutsi zapansi panthaka, muyenera kusintha dothi lathunthu.
Zolakwika pakusamalira maluwa
Chifukwa cha zolakwa zingapo posamalira chomera, chimatha kusiya kutuluka, madontho oyera kapena kuwunikira kumatha kupezeka pamasamba, masamba owoneka bwino. Ochita maluwa amalimbikitsa kuti musaiwale kuti hemanthus limamasuka patatha nthawi yopuma. Kuti muwonetsetse, muyenera kusiya kuthirira maluwa mu Okutobala. Zotsatira zake, masamba ayamba kutembenukira chikaso ndi youma.
Duwa limalowa m'malo opanda matalala. Mbale yamaluwa panthawiyi iyenera kuyikidwa m'chipinda chowala ndi kutentha kwa 14-16 ° C. Chovomerezeka panthawiyi kuti inyowetse nthaka pang'ono. Mutha kuyamba kuthilira hemanthus kale kumayambiriro kwamasika. Hemanthus ayamba kuphuka kumapeto kwa Meyi.
Kukonda masamba ndi zipsera
Pakhoza kukhala zifukwa zina zomwe zimachedwetsa maluwa a hemanthus. Mwachitsanzo, ngati maluwa, poto wambiri kwambiri amasankhidwa, nthaka yomwe chomera chimatha kudziwa bwino, kenako ndikuyamba kuphuka. Babuyo itha kubzalidwa kwambiri, kapena duwa silinayatsidwa bwino. Pankhaniyi, muyenera kuthetsa izi.
Ngati masamba a duwa amayala ndikuyamba kutambalala, izi zikutanthauza kuti nyali yake siyiyatsidwa bwino. Iyenera kusunthidwa kumalo owoneka bwino. Madontho oyera amatha kupezeka pamasamba. Maonekedwe awo ndiosiyana: zotsatira za kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi kuwotcha dzuwa. Ndikofunikira kuthetsa izi.
Tizilombo ndi matenda
Ogwira maluwa amaonetsetsa kuti hemanthus ingatengeke ndi matenda komanso tizilombo toononga. Choopsa kwa iye ndi scardard ndi kangaude wofiyira. Amasamba bwino m'zipinda zotentha, zopanda anthu.
Chotchinga
Kubisala pansi pa masamba a chomera, tizilombo tambiri timavulaza. Amayamwa msuzi. Njira zochitira nawo zimaphatikizapo kukonkha hemanthus Karbofos, "Decis" ndi "Actellicus".
Kangaude wofiyira
Spider nthata ndizovuta kwambiri. Chomera choboweka masamba chimatha. Chipulumutsidwe ku nkhupakupa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda omwe amayesa mbewu.
Anakhudzidwa ndi Hemanthus Masamba
Gray zowola
Matenda pamasamba ndi zolembera zoyera kumayimira matenda amvi. Poterepa, hemanthus amathandizidwa ndi fungosis yofatsa. Ngati mbewuyo idakhudzidwa kwambiri, imawonongeka.
Chikamwanachi
Hemanthus amatha kutenga matenda monga staganospore. Chizindikiro chake ndi mawanga ofiira pa mababu ndi masamba. Mu gawo loyambirira la matendawa, "Fundazole" amagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Anthracnose
Maonekedwe a mawanga akuda pamasamba, kumapeto kwawo - mtundu womwewo wa mitsinje, akuwonetsa matenda ambewu ndi anthracnose. Ndikofunikira kuchotsa masamba omwe akhudzidwa, gwiritsani ntchito duwa ndi yankho la Fundazole.
Kukula hemanthus kuchokera ku mbewu
Palibe chinsinsi chapadera pakupanga hemanthus. Mutha kudulira maluwa kuchokera ku mababu a mwana wamkazi, podula tsamba kapena nthangala zatsopano.
Kukula hemanthus kuchokera ku mbewu
Duwa limabadwa kuchokera ku mbewu ngati mbande wamba. Odziwa maluwa akuti haemanthus yomwe imakula mwanjira imeneyi imalowa mkati mwa maluwa patha zaka zisanu. Uku ndiye vuto lokha lomwe lomwe limakula kuchokera ku mbewu zomwe obereketsa samalabadira.
Mukamaweta hemanthus kunyumba, muyenera kuisamalira, motsogozedwa ndi upangiri wa akatswiri odziwa maluwa. Kusamalira mbewu ndikosavuta, m'malo abwino, mtundu uliwonse wa hemanthus udzasangalatsa amalimi a maluwa ndi maluwa.
