Chodabwitsa n'chakuti tsabola wakuda wokondedwa, amene tibweretsedwa kuchokera ku mayiko akutsidya kwa nyanja, akhoza kukula mosavuta pawindo lawindo.
Ngakhalenso osamalidwa bwino, zomera sizimangokondweretsa wolima ndi zokolola zambiri, komanso zimakongoletsa nyumba ndi masamba okongola pamapiri aakulu.
Kodi tikudziwa chiyani za zokondweretsa zokonda
Kodi tsabola wakuda imakula kuti?
M'nthaŵi zakale, dera limeneli limatchedwa Malihabar, lomwe limatanthauzira kuti "dziko la tsabola." Poyambira, chomeracho chinapeza dzina lina - "Malabar berry".
Kumtchire, tsabola wakuda imamera m'nkhalango, mitengo ikuluikulu yopota Mita 15 imachoka. Kumadera okhala ndi nyengo yotentha ndi yam'mvula yamkuntho, monga Sri Lanka, Brazil, Indonesia, China, Cambodia ndi mayiko ena, zomera zimakula ngati mbewu. Nkhope yaikulu ya tsabola wakuda ndi chilumba cha Sumatra.
Monga lamulo, pa minda, kukula kwa "Malabar mabulosi" kuli kochepa, kulola mphukira zake kutambasula mpaka Mamita asanu m'litali.
Thandizo kwa mbewu ndi mitengo yapadera. Mitengo yobiriwira yamdima ya tsabola wakuda imakhala ndi mawonekedwe a ovoid ndi nsonga yapamwamba ndi nsonga.
Kukula kwa masamba osati lalikulu - kuchokera 6 mpaka 10 masentimita m'litali. Maluwa a liana amakhala ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono oyera kapena achikasu.
Pambuyo pa mbeu yotchedwa ottsvetet, zipatso zazing'ono zooneka ngati miyala yamwala yokhala ndi kukoma kwa moto zimapangidwa pa iyo. Zipatsozo zimakhala zobiriwira poyamba, kenako zimakhala zachikasu, ndipo kenako zikapsa bwino zimatembenukira ku lalanje.
Tsabola wakuda ngati zokometsetsa, zipatso zimatengedwa zosapsa pamene zili zobiriwira kapena zikuyamba kutembenukira chikasu. Kukolola kotchedwa scald ndi madzi otentha ndi kuuma pa dzuwa. Iyo ikauma, zipatso zimafalikira ndiyeno zimatembenuza wakuda, kutembenukira kukhala nyengo yotchuka kwambiri padziko lonse.
ZOCHITIKA! Mtengo wa mpesa umayamba chaka chachiwiri wa moyo. Amamasula pakati pa kasupe. Zipatso zimapsa osati nthawi imodzi, kotero zokolola zimatenga miyezi ingapo.
Chomera chimodzi chimapereka pafupifupi 3 kg ya zokometsera. Nthawi ya moyo wa zomera zowimira - kuyambira zaka 25 mpaka 50.
Kukula tsabola wakuda ukhoza kukhala kunyumba. Ndichisamaliro choyenera, chomera chodabwitsa chimatha chaka chilichonse kupereka mlimi ndi zokolola zochuluka zowonjezera. Komanso, mbewu za kulima izo zidzapezeke mwa aliyense wogwira ntchito.
Kukula kuchokera ku mbewu
Ganizirani momwe mungaperekere tsabola wakuda kuchokera ku mbewu zapakhomo.
Nthawi yabwino yofesa "Malabar mabulosi" - kuyambira kapena pakati pa June. Mbewu za mtundu wa nkhuku zakuda mu thumba zingapezeke mu khitchini kapena khitchini iliyonse.
Pofesa, nandolo zazikulu zimasankhidwa ndikuziviika m'madzi ofunda tsiku limodzi. Bzalani mbeu ikhale yakuya osapitirira 1 masentimita. Nthaka yomwe idalimbikidwe kufesa ndi yosakaniza, yomwe imatenga gawo limodzi la mchenga wa mchenga ndi nthaka ya sod ndi magawo awiri a nthaka yamapiri.
Ndibwino kuti tizitha kuphimba chidebe ndi mbeu zomwe zimabzalidwa ndi pulasitiki kukulitsa kapena galasi, osayiwala nthawi ndi nthawi kuti ventilate ndi moisten pansi. Kutentha kuchokera 25 mpaka 30 ° C Kumera kungatheke mu mwezi.
Pamene chomera chimakula ndikukula, mukhoza kuziyika miphika yosiyana ndi masentimita 7. Pamene mizu ikukula, mpesa wina aliyense amafunika chidebe chokhala ndi masentimita 9 ndi chithandizo chodalirika.
Yambani kudziwidziwa nokha ndi momwe zithunzi za peppercorns zimakulira mu chithunzi pansipa:
Zapadera zosunga kunyumba
Kusamalira kwambiri mpesa wa tsabola sikumayesetsa kwambiri. Ndi chinyezi chokwanira, chimakula mwamsanga ndipo chimatha kutambasula mkati mwa chaka. mpaka mamita 2. Mukungoyenera kumvetsera chomera ndikutsatira malingaliro oti mukule.
Kuunikira ndi kutentha
Pepper amafunikira kuwala kwa dzuwa. Malo abwino oti aikepo ndiwindo likuyang'ana kumadzulo kapena kummawa. Kum'mwera mudzafunika shading kuchokera ku dzuwa. Chifukwa cha kusowa kwa kuwala, mbali yakum'mwera sidzafanane nkomwe.
Kutentha kwabwino kwambiri nyengo yotentha - kuchokera 20 mpaka 25 ° C, ndi m'nyengo yozizira - kuchokera 16 mpaka 18 ° C. Ndikofunika kwambiri kuti galasi lotentha mu chipinda sichigwa pansi pa 10 ° C, mwinamwake chiweto chingamwalire.
Kuthirira ndi chinyezi
Pa nyengo yofunda, chomeracho chiyenera kuthiriridwa mokwanira, kuyembekezera pamwamba pa nthaka kuti ziume. M'dzinja, tikulimbikitsidwa kuchepetsa kuthirira, ndipo m'nyengo yozizira, chinyezi chiyenera kukhala chochepa.
Ndipo nkofunika kukumbukira kuti kuyamwa ndi kutentha kwambiri ndizoopsa kwa tsabola wakuda. Kwa okhala m'madera otentha, chinyezi chachikulu ndicho chikhalidwe chachikulu cha moyo.
Ngati mpweya wamkati uli wouma, chomeracho chiyamba kufooka ndi kupweteka. Mmawa ndi madzulo mankhwala azitsulo mwa mawonekedwe a kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa masamba adzathandiza kuwonjezera chinyezi.
Kupaka pamwamba
Kumayambiriro ndi kumapeto kwa August, chiwetochi chiyenera kuberekedwa kawiri pa mwezi ndi mchere wambiri wokongoletsera ndi wolimba. M'nyengo yozizira, tsabola safuna feteleza.
Kuwaza
Mitengo yaing'ono imaikidwa chaka chilichonse, akuluakulu - zaka ziwiri zilizonse. Kuwotchera kumachitika kumapeto kwa nyengo, kumafuna mphika wochulukirapo, wopezeka ndi mabowo omwe amathamanga madzi ndi madzi okwanira. Ndi bwino kukonzekera gawo la mbeuyo, kutenga magawo ofanana ndi mchenga, mtsinje, humus, tsamba ndi sod.
Kudulira
ZOCHITIKA! Mofanana ndi zomera zonse, tsabola imafuna kudulira ndi kuchotsa magawo akale kapena odwala. M'dzinja, pamene fruiting imatha, m'pofunika kudula mphukira ndi lachitatu.
Kuonjezerapo, chifukwa cha kukula kwakukulu kwa mpesa kumatha kukhala ndi nthawi yayitali kwambiri komanso yovuta kwambiri. Ndikofunika kufupikitsa, kotero kuti chomeracho chimawoneka bwino ndikukhala wathanzi. Tsabola wakuda idzakhala ndi mawonekedwe okongola kwambiri, ngati pali chithandizo chokhala ngati matabwa a matabwa kapena arc pafupi nawo - mphukira zazing'ono zidzawathandiza.
Kuswana
- Mbewu zomwe zimatha kusonkhanitsidwa kuchokera ku zomera zokha. Kufesa mbewu ndi kusamalira mbewu kumatsatira njira yomwe tatchulidwa pamwambapa.
- Cuttings. Ndi munthu wamkulu, zinyama zimadulidwa ndi cuttings ndi masamba 1 kapena 2 ndikubzala m'nthaka yomwe ili ndi gawo limodzi la nthaka ndi masamba awiri. Chidebe chokhala ndi cuttings chili ndi thumba la pulasitiki, "wowonjezera kutentha" nthawi zonse amawombera ndipo mbewu zimathirira madzi. Pa kutentha kwa 24 mpaka 26 ° C, kuwomba mizu kumapezeka mkati mwa masabata atatu. Pambuyo pake, tsabola wakuda wakuda akhoza kukhala miphika yosiyana.
- Kusiyana kwa chitsamba. Njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popereka kasupe. Anamera kukwera chitsamba zomera akulekanitsidwa, ndipo chifukwa cha "delenki" akukhala muzinthu zosiyana, kuwapatsa iwo mosamala.
- Kuyika. Zomera zokwawa zokhala ndi mipesa zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamwamba pa nthaka ndikuzisakaniza nthawi zonse. Kubwezeretsa mu nkhaniyi kukuchitika mofulumira kwambiri. Pulumutsani pamodzi ndi mizu yodulidwa ndikumupatsanso chokhachokha.
Mavuto angakhalepo
- Masamba amafota ndi kutembenukira chikasu - madzi a nthaka, kusowa kwa zinthu zothandiza.
- Nsonga za masamba zimakula bulauni ndi bulauni - kutsika kwa mpweya chinyezi, "chilala" mu mphika.
- Zimayambira zimatambasulidwa ndipo zimawonekera - osaunikira, kufunika kodyetsa.
Pindulani ndi kuvulaza
Ganizirani zinthu zopindulitsa ndi zovulaza za zokometsetsa, komanso matenda omwe angathe kuchiritsidwa ndi tsabola wakuda mu mankhwala achipatala.
Tsabola wakuda ndi yodalirika kwambiri moti ndi mbali ya maphikidwe ambiri pa maphunziro oyambirira ndi achiwiri. Kutchuka kwa zokometsera sikuchitika mwangozi, chifukwa kuli ndi katundu wothandiza kwambiri. "Malabar mabulosi" ali ndi zolemba zambiri.
Lili ndi mavitamini A, E, C ndi K ndi pafupifupi gulu lonse B, komanso mafuta ofunikira, glycosides, mitundu yonse ya macro-microelements. Kutentha kumaphatikizidwa capsaicin.
Thupi lapaderali limalimbikitsa chilakolako chofuna kudya, kuchepetsa magazi, kuteteza magazi, kumayambitsa kagayidwe ka magazi. Mphesa wamphesa amathandizanso kuchepetsa matumbo ndipo amasonyezeratu kupsinjika, kutopa ndi kuvutika maganizo.
ZOFUNIKA KWAMBIRI! Tsabola wakuda wakhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mankhwala. Lili ndi antioxidant, bactericidal, firming ndi ngakhale zachilendo kanthu. Malabar Berry amathandiza kuchiza malungo, chifuwa ndi kuzizira komanso ngati matenda a endocrine.
Komabe, tsabola wakuda ali ndi zotsutsana zambiri. Sikovomerezeka kwa anthu omwe amatsutsana ndi mankhwalawa, akudwala matenda a magazi, zilonda za zilonda zam'mimba, komanso matenda omwe amapezeka m'mitsempha.
Muyenera kusiya zokolola zanu zomwe mumakonda kwambiri ngati mukuchitidwa opaleshoni m'mimba mwanu kapena matumbo. Ndipo musagwiritse ntchito nkhanza zowononga - sizothandiza ngakhale munthu wathanzi.
Mungathe kugula tsabola wakuda m'sitolo - ndi mtengo wotsika mtengo komanso wotchipa. Koma ndizosangalatsa bwanji kukula nokha!
Izi sizomwe zimakhala zochititsa chidwi, komanso mwayi wokhala pa tebulo nthawi zonse watsopano komanso wothandiza kwambiri. Ndikofunika kuti tizungulire chomeracho mosamala komanso tcheru - ndipo tidzakuthokozani chifukwa cha zokolola zambiri za peppercorns.
