Mu 1770, khungwa laku British "Kuyesera" motsogoleredwa ndi Captain James Cook kwa nthawi yoyamba m'mbiri yakafikira pafupi ndi nyanja ya Australia ndipo inakhala m'madzi a m'nyanja, yomwe pambuyo pake idzatchedwa Botanical. Pamalonda ake, Karl Solender ndi Joseph Banks anapeza mtundu watsopano wa sera, hoya, ndipo anautcha dzina lakuti Hoya australis - kum'mwera kwa hoya.
Kulongosola kwa zomera
Masiku ano pali mitundu yambiri ya Hoya australis, pakati pawo pali chikhalidwe chamtundu. Chimodzi mwa zochititsa chidwi kwambiri Hoya australis Lisa (Hoya Australist Lisa).
Mizu ya mizu
Mizu ndi nthambi, imayendetsa chipinda chonse chadothi. Mizu yathanzi ndi yovuta komanso yambiri.
Tsinde
Creeper iyi imakhala ndi mphukira yambiri, ndipo imasowa chithandizo chomwe imatha kukwawa. Unyinji wa tsinde pafupifupi 0,4 cm.
Masamba
Masamba a kumwera kwa Khoi Lisa amakula bwino komanso okongola - ali ovunda, wandiweyani, wonyezimira, wochulukirapo ndi mitsempha yowoneka. Pakatikati tsamba lokhwima liri lachikasu ndi mawanga a mtundu wa letesi, ndipo pamphepete mwawuni. Masamba aang'ono ndi mphukira nthawi zambiri amawombera.
Maluwa
Maluwa a nyenyezi amasonkhanitsidwa ndi inflorescences. Korona wa maluwa ndi yoyera ndi yotumbululuka pinki, ndi pakati ndi pabuka. Maluwa amakhala osachepera pang'ono pa sabata.
Kusamalira kwanu
Hoya South ndisavuta kusunga. Ikhoza kukhala wamkulu mu mphika, ndi miphika yopachikidwa.
Kusamba (pambuyo pa kugula)
Kwa hoi australis, dothi likufunikira yapadera, ndipo ndibwino kuti ndikasendere chomera ku sitolo. Tengani mphika wawung'ono, mizu ya danga sichifunidwa, kupatula mu botolo lalikulu mumakonda nthawi zambiri.
Koma chatsopanocho chimafunikanso kutsukidwa bwino ndi mankhwala opanda chlorine, ndipo dothi liyenera kuthiridwe, kuti homa ikhale yosautsidwa ndi maatodes.
Mbewu zazing'ono zimaikidwa kamodzi pa chaka mu April, ndi akulu - kamodzi pawiri, kapena ngakhale zaka zitatu. Kufalitsa mipesa kumapindula mu zaka zapafupi (17-20 masentimita awiri) miphika, ndipo imafalikira bwino mwa iwo. Mphukira yayitali panthawi yomwe imafalikira ayenera kufupikitsidwa, komanso kuti asakhudze mafupi - maluwa adzawonekera.
Ground
Kodi nkhumba yomwe imakula imakhala yovuta kutcha nthaka - ndi gawo lotayirira loperewera, monga ma orchids. Ikhoza kugulitsidwa kwa hoya, ndipo mukhoza kuphika kunyumba. Tengani gawo limodzi la nthaka, mapeyala ndi perlite (denga lophala ndi mapiri, losweka ndi kutenthetsa). Ngati perlite sali, mungathe kubwezera mchenga. Pangakhale phokoso pansi pa mphika.
Kuthirira
Hoya australis amakonda nthawi zonse chinyezi, koma osati mvula yamkuntho. Palibe hoy yomwe imakonda kukula ndi mizu yowonongeka. Kuthira kwakukulu ndi matope amadzi, kumene mizu imamatira, si chinthu chomwecho. Nthaka iyenera kukhala yonyowa bwino. popanda chinyezi chokhazikika. Muyenera kuthirira maluwawa ndi madzi ozizira pamene dothi luma kuchokera pamwamba pa masentimita 2-3. M'chilimwe, ngati kulibe kutentha - kamodzi pa sabata (kutentha - nthawi zambiri), m'nyengo yozizira - kamodzi pa masiku khumi.
Kutentha kwa mpweya
Kutentha, South Hoya adzasangalala kukhala ndi "mvula" yotentha. Ngati chomeracho chikuphuka, musamamwe maluwa - ndizowavulaza. Ngati nyengo yowuma ndi yotentha, yikani poto ndi hoey pa "mtsamiro" wa dothi lonyowa.
Kuunikira
Hoya australis Lisa amakula bwino mumthunzi, koma kuwala kwake kumakhala kosavuta, kotero kuti masana a masana sadzawotcha masamba.
Ndiwowenera pawindo lakumwera chakumwera kapena kum'mwera chakumadzulo.
Nthaŵi yopumula mu ulimi wokhalamo m'nyumba sizimafunika. Iye amasankha tsiku la 14-16 tsiku lowala, ndipo m'nyengo yozizira amafunikira magetsi. Popanda izo, hoya sidzakula. Ngati mwasankha kuchita popanda kuwalitsa m'nyengo yozizira, kuchepetsa kuthirira ndipo musagwiritse ntchito zakudya zowonjezera - mulole maluwawo apumule.
Kutentha kwa kutentha
Hoya Australia imakonda pafupifupi kutentha m'chilimwe + 17-24 ° С, m'nyengo yozizira + 15 ° С. Koma makina a sera amalekerera bwino ndipo akhoza kutaya chifukwa cha iwo makoswe awo okongola.
Feteleza
Palibe lingaliro limodzi ponena za kuvala kwa hoi australis pakati pa alimi amaluwa, kupatula mwinamwake pa chinthu chimodzi: ndi bwino kupereka pang'ono kuposa kupereka mopitirira, chifukwa kuchotsa maluwa a "overfeeding" ndi kovuta kwambiri.
Mu nthawi ya kukula mwakhama, mukhoza kudyetsa hoya (kamodzi pa masabata atatu) madzi azitrogeni feteleza, ndi kuchepetsa ziyenera kukhala zochepa kawiri kuposa momwe tafotokozera. Zotsatira zabwino pamasiku a maluwa amapereka feteleza kwa maluwa okongola. M'nyengo yozizira, pamene Ivy ikukula kukula, ndi bwino kukana chakudya.
Kuswana
Cuttings
Cuttings kwa rooting ndi bwino kutenga mu kasupe ndi yophukira. Kupulumuka kumafunika, pali masamba awiri kapena awiri, ndizitali.
M'madzi a rooting hoyu australis ophweka. Ndibwino kuwonjezera mizu ndi pulogalamu ya pulogalamu ya carbon kuti zisawonongeke.
Muyenera kusintha madzi kamodzi pa sabata. Ngati kudula kuli kochepa, simungakhoze kuziphimba, koma ngati masamba ali otetezeka, ikani thumba pamwamba.
Vermiculite rooting cuttings ndi yabwino.chifukwa Mcherewu umasunga chinyezi nthawi zonse. Ndikofunika kuti dothi litheke pambuyo poyanika, koma kuti madzi asapitirire.
Ikani vermiculite mu chikho choonekera - pamene phesi limapereka mizu, mudzaiwona. Phizani kuthawa ndi filimu kuti izizizira. Kutentha kwakukulu ndi 20-22 ° C.
Mu gawo lowala, hoya ikhoza kukhazikitsidwa. Kukonzekera ndi kophweka: tengani mchenga wofanana ndi mchenga ndi sliced moss-sphagnum kapena peat. Mukhoza kusakaniza mchenga ndi gawo lopangidwa kuchokera ku sitolo. Thirani kusakaniza mu galasi, moisten it, ikani kudula pamenepo ndikuphimba. Pamene chisakanizo chikuuma, sungunulani kachiwiri.
Mizu ya Hoi iyenera kuyembekezera masabata 3-4. Mukawoneka, chomera ndi nthawi yophika.
Tsinde la tsinde
Njira imeneyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito mobwerezabwereza. ngakhale ndi zophweka komanso mofulumira. Pa mphukira zachitsamba, perekani chophimba, chophimba ndi mvula yonyowa ndi kukulunga mwamphamvu ndi kumamatira filimu. Siyani mu mawonekedwe a masabata awiri, panthawi ino moisten moss 1-2 nthawi yomwe imalira. Mu masabata angapo, kuthawa kudzapangitsa mizu. Dulani, sulani mizu kuchokera kumsana wakula - pitani. Mu mphika umodzi ukhoza kubzalidwa pa 3 kuyika - Chitsamba chidzakhala chokongola kwambiri. Njira yoperekera imeneyi imalola kuti chomeracho chiphuphu mu chaka choyamba.
Maluwa
Hoya australis imamera pamene zomera zimayamba kugwira ntchito. Nthawi zina maluwa amayenera kuyembekezera zaka zingapo, koma kenako idzaphuka nthawi zonse. Nthawi yamaluwa kuyambira June mpaka Oktoba. Mphungu yoyamba ya maluwa nthawi zambiri mu June, ndi yachiwiri - kumayambiriro kwa autumn.
Pambuyo pa nyenyezi zonunkhira za sera zafota, musadule maluwa mapesi, masamba atsopano adzawonekera pa iwo chaka chamawa.
Fungo
Hoya Australis aakulu inflorescences amamva bwino ndi okondweretsa. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamununkhira imasiyana - yowonjezera yonyezimira komanso yofiira, yowonjezera ndi yokometsera. Ndipo hoya Lisa, amapatsa fungo labwino lomwe limafanana ndi fungo la tulips.
Kudulira
Hoya sakonda kudulira, koma masamba akufa kapena odwala ayenera kuchotsedwa. Mphukira yaitali kwambiri ndiyenso amayenera kukongoletsa.
Ngati panalibe maluwa pa iwo kale, iwo sadzawonekera.
Chiwerengero cha kukula
Mitundu ya kum'mwera kwa Khoi imakula mosiyana, mitundu yosiyanasiyana - mofulumira kwambiri.
Koma hoya australis Lisa akukula mofulumira komanso mofulumira - ichi ndi chimodzi mwa ubwino wake.
Kukhala ndi moyo
Chomera chosatha, mosamala, chingakhale ndi moyo pachimake zaka zoposa khumi.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Kumwera kwa Southern Hoya sikumadwalanso m'chilengedwe, koma kumera kwa nyumba kumatha kuchepetsa kusamalidwa kolakwika, kenaka zidzasokonezedwa ndi tizirombo.
- Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, nsabwe za m'masamba, tizilombo ting'onoting'ono - amakoka madzi kuchokera maluwa, amaletsa kukula kwake, amawononga masamba.
- Mealybugs - "nsabwe zazing'onoting'ono" izi zimakwiyitsa kwambiri chomera ndipo zimachokanso zovala zowononga zomwe zimayambitsa matenda opatsirana.
- Zomera zowola - bowa amachulukitsa ndi kuwononga mizu, ngati amakhala ndi damps nthawi zonse.
Zimene mungachite: Ngati masamba anu a hoya ndi owopsa, "sera", mukhoza kuwafafaniza ndi swabi oledzeretsa mowa - zirombozi zidzafa nthawi yomweyo. Njira inanso: yambani mankhwala ndi Aktellik kapena mankhwala ena ofanana.
Zimene mungachite: onjezerani tizilombo kuti tiwamwetse madzi. Nthenda yamtunduwu imathamangitsidwa m'madera onse a duwa, mosasamala kanthu kuti mafinya amatha bwanji, adzalandira poizoni. Oyenera: Karbofos, Intravir, Aktellik, Tsvetofos.
Zimene mungachite: Chotsani hoya mu mphika ndikuyang'ana mizu. Ngati amachepetsedwa ndipo amadetsedwa - duwa silingapulumutsidwe, kupatula kudula zipatso ndi kukula kachiwiri.
Ngati mutatha kulanda matendawa pachiyambi - pali mwayi. Chotsani maluwa kuchokera mu mphika, wouma kwa masiku angapo, gwedeza mizu pansi. Dulani zonse zomwe zakhudza zowola - masamba, mapesi, mizu. Ikani hoyu mmbuyo mumphika ndikutsanulira njira yotsekemera ya pinasium permanganate kapena carbendazim (pali malo ogulitsira fungicide).
Sikovuta kusunga hoya ya kumadzulo kuchokera ku matenda, kuphulitsa ndi kukula kwa mpesa wobiriwira - mumangofunika kutsatira malamulo osavuta kuti muwasamalire.
Chithunzi
Kenako mudzawona chithunzi cha Hoya Austrist:
