Begonia ndi malo ogona Pinki-pubescent imayambira ndi yokongola, wojambula kwambiri ndi masamba a palmate mpaka 25 cm, muzomwe zimakhala m'madera otentha a Brazil.
Dzina la botanical "borschikovikolistnaya" Amatsindika mbali yaikulu ya mawonekedwe ake - mawonekedwe a masamba akuluakulu, ofanana ndi masamba a hogweed - chomera chofala kwambiri komanso cholimba cha malo otentha a Eurasia.
Komabe, begonia borschavikolistnoy, nayenso osadzichepetsa, sangathe kukhazikika m'madera otentha: amafunika kutenthetsa, moyenera kwambiri ndi chinyezi, zinthu zomwe zimamangidwa, zomwe zimapatsa malo chikhalidwe.
Kusamalira kunyumba kwa begonia horticulture
Kuunikira
Amafuna kuwala, makamaka kufalikira. Kuunikira kopambana kungakhale mawindo akuyang'ana kum'mawa kapena kumadzulo.
Kumbali ya kum'mwera ndi kum'mwera, shading angafunike - makamaka kumapeto kwa chilimwe, pamene masamba - chokongoletsera chachikulu cha begonia - akhoza kutaya mtundu wawo ndi kuwotchedwa.
Kutentha
Zosangalatsa zamtundu wotentha chaka chonse - kuchokera 18 mpaka madigiri 22.
Nthawi yokakamizika yopumula mu chikhalidwe cha chipinda - kuyambira kumapeto kwa mwezi wa Oktoba mpaka kumapeto kwa February - imakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi kuchepa kwa kuunikira.
Ground
Izi begonia sizimapanga zofunikira pa nthaka gawo lapansi: ziyenera kukhala kulowerera ndale kapena asidi pang'ono, osasunthika, wathanzi, ndi mpweya wabwino ndi chinyezi.
Angagwiritse ntchito nthaka yokonzekera begonias, kapena munda wa dothi wokhala ndi mlingo wabwino wa perlite kapena vermiculite, komanso kukonzekera chisakanizo chofanana ndi masamba, nthaka ndi mchenga.
Tikufika
Mzuwu umayamba m'nthaka. Kuonjezera apo, mawonekedwe a malo ogona amakhala ndi mizu yambiri yomwe imakhudzana ndi nthaka ndi chitsamba chimakula m'kati mwake. Choncho chophimba pofika mwina m'malo mozama kuposa kuyandi choyenera dzenje lakuda. Popeza kusamba kwa madzi ndi kosasangalatsa, ndi bwino kusankha zakuthupi keramiki popanda kupaka kosalekeza.
Pansi pa chidebecho muyenera kukhala nacho makina osanjikiza miyala yochepa kapena dothi lochepetsedwa, kenaka dothi lochepa, limene mizu imaikidwa, ngati nkokotheka kusunga chipinda chadothi, ndipo lembani nthaka kusakaniza mpaka pamtundu woyenerera, pang'onopang'ono kuigwirizanitsa.
Kuwaza
Achinyamata makope amafunika kuika pachaka, okhwima - mu chaka chimodzi kapena ziwiri pamene ikukula, kufalikira pogawanitsa chitsamba.
Kuthirira
Madzi moyenera, atayanika dothi la pamwamba.
M'nyengo yozizira Kuthamanga kwafupipafupi kumatsatira kuchepetsa.
Kutentha kwa mpweya
Chidepala cha malo pa poto wonyezimira wonyezimira kapena sungani mpweya wokhazikika pa chomeracho.
Kupaka pamwamba
Mu nyengo ya chilimwe ndi chilimwe Zomera zimadyetsa zomera kamodzi pa sabata yankho la feteleza zovuta kupanga zomera.
M'dzinja ndi m'nyengo yozizira kuvala uku kumachitika kamodzi pa mwezi.
Kudulira
Chomera cholirapo, chotalikirapo komanso chocheperapo chimakhala choyera.
Kubwereranso kukongoletsa ndi rejuvenate begoniawotambasuka ndi msinkhu zimayambira zimadulidwa, kusiya "chitsa" chimodzi ndi zida ziwiri kapena ziwiri - zizindikiro za masamba akulu atagwa.
Mphukira yochepa yomwe ili pansi pawo idzadzuka ndipo masamba atsopano adzawonekera posachedwa.
Maluwa
Maluwa amaoneka pa zokongoletsera za begonia begonia mu masika pazitali za peduncles. Mtundu wa inflorescences mwachilungamo umasiyana woyera ndi wooneka ngati pinki.
Ngati chomera chimatha mphamvu zambiri pa maluwa, mtundu wa masamba ake umatumbululuka. Zikatero peduncles ayenera kuchotsedwa pasadakhale.
Kuswana
Hogweed begonia akuchulukanso ndipo vegetative, ndi njira ya seminal.
Kufalitsa masamba ndi tsinde
Gwiritsani ntchito nyengo yam'masika ndi chilimwe pafupifupi 10-15 masentimita yaitali, pomwe pali pepala. Zigawo zouma.
Mukhoza kugwiritsira ntchito zowonongeka kwa madzi m'madzi, sungani magawo apansi ndi mizu yopanga mphukira, kapena mwamsanga muwabzala mumtunda wamba ndi kuwonjezerapo mchenga.
Kuphimba chivundikiro ndi pulasitiki, kutentha (+22-25ºС), mpweya ndi kuchepetsa.
Pambuyo popanga mizu ndi kupanga mphukira zatsopano (pafupifupi mkati mwa mwezi), timadontho timene timakhala m'magawo osiyana ndi omwe nthawi zambiri nthaka imasakaniza.
Kubalana tsamba cuttings
Tengani pepala lalikulu, lopangidwa bwino, liwongolere movutikira (pagalasi) ndi tsamba lakuthwa adagawidwa kuyambira pakati mpaka magawo kotero kuti gawo lirilonse linali mitsempha imodzi kapena iŵiri ya mitsempha.
Gawani zigawo zomwe zimapezeka pamtunda pamwamba (mungathe kuchepetsera m'munsi mwake), moisten, kuphimba ndi pulasitiki, kukulitsa, mpweya ndipo muli ndi kutentha kwa madigiri 20-22.
Pasanathe mwezi umodzi begonia adzatsitsimutsidwa ngakhale ndi "dismemberment" ndi maonekedwe masamba atsopano m'munda wa mitsempha yodula.
Kubalana pogawanitsa chitsamba
Monga lamulo, borschavikolistnaya begonia kwambiri kukula m'lifupi. Ndi kasupe kameneka, mungagwiritse ntchito chida chakuthwachi kuti mugawikane kwambiri chitsamba ku zigawo zingapo ndi mizu, kuwaza magawo ndi makala ophwanyika ndi kubzala m'magawo osiyana.
Kufalitsa mbewu
Njira imeneyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri pofuna kubzala zipatso za begonias zokongola, koma mbewu za beetone zimagulitsidwa pamalonda a borschwickle (osakaniza mitundu).
Kumapeto kwa nyengo yozizira Mbeu zing'onozing'ono zimayikidwa pamwamba pa nthaka kusakaniza, sprayed ndi madzi, yokutidwa ndi pulasitiki filimu, aerated, anapitiriza 22-25ºС ndi kuunikira bwino.
Mphukira nthawi zambiri imawoneka pambuyo pa masabata 2-3.
Pambuyo mapangidwe masamba awiri kapena atatu oona Mbande imatuluka mosamala kuchepetsa kutentha kwa 17-18ºС ndi malire kuthirira.
Pamene akukula, iwo amakhala pansi.
Zizindikiro za vuto
Masamba amatembenuka mphukira zotumbululuka - Zotsatira za kuunika kokwanira, makamaka m'nyengo yozizira. Ndikofunika kukonza kuunikira nthawi ya kuwala kochepa.
Mphepete mwa masamba amasanduka bulauni ndi youma - mpweya wouma ndi kutenthedwa. Kuwonetsera kuwala kwa dzuwa kuyenera kukhala kochepa ndipo mpweya uyenera kusokonezedwa.
Masamba amawala, amawoneka ngati akuwunikira - kutentha kwa dzuwa. Ndikofunika kuchepetsa "mlingo" wa dzuwa.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Zolakwitsa, choyamba, chinyezi chozizira m'nyengo yozizira kapena kusowa kwachilimwe, kufooketsa chomera ndikupangitsa kugonjetsedwa kwake. powdery mildew. Pachifukwa ichi, muyenera kuwonjezera kuthirira ndi kuyendetsa begonia. fungicides.
Kuphatikiza kutentha kwambiri ndi kutentha kwakukulu kumabweretsa chitukuko mizu kapena tsamba zowola.
Ngati ndondomekoyi yayamba, muyenera nthawi yomweyo kukonzanso nyengo ndi kutentha.
Ngati mukugonjetsedwa kwakukulu, muyenera kuzula mdulidwe, kudula kuphuka bwino kapena masamba, ndi kuwasunga bwino, ndi kuchotsa mbewu zonsezo.
Begonia ikhoza kumenyana whitefly ndi mealybug. Monga chiyeso choyamba, gwiritsani ntchito kuchotsa tizirombo ndi swab ya thonje yotsekedwa mu mowa, kapena mankhwala ndi sopo yankho. Ambiri zothandiza mankhwala ophera tizilombo - mankhwala osakaniza.
Hogweed begonia ndi mmodzi wa anthu ambiri chosavuta komanso cholimba chokongoletsa oimira mtundu umenewu.
Hogweed begonia amachotsa malo omwe amakula: pamaso pake Amachepetsa mpweya wa staphylococci ndi spores wa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Chithunzi
Pansipa mudzawona chithunzi cha begonia pa tsamba la borscht-laaved:
