Goldenrod ndi zitsamba zowala komanso zonunkhira zochokera ku banja la a Astro. Imapezeka nyengo zotentha ku Europe yonse. Kuchokera ku Germany kukafika ku Caucasus ndi Siberia, pamatanthwe ndi m'mabwalo atanyamula, chomeracho chimakondweretsa mitundu yowala ndi zinthu zambiri zofunikira. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mawonekedwe, komanso ngati chomera chamankhwala pazovuta zambiri. Pakati pa anthu, golide wa golide amadziwikanso ndi mayina a solidago, ndodo ya golide, scrofula, ore achitsulo, mafupa. Kusamalira ndikosavuta, koma mumakhala malo akuluakulu, motero, kumafunika kuletsa kwambiri kapena kupezeka kwa malo.
Kufotokozera kwamasamba
Goldenrod ndi masamba osatha okhala ndi mizu yayitali ya tsinde. Mbwembwe yolimbayo imalowa pansi kwambiri. Pamwamba pali mphukira yofowoka masamba 30-100 masentimita. Thupi lamtondo wowongoka limakutidwa ndi khungwa losalala. Itha kukhala yobiriwira kapena yofiyira.
Masamba okhazikika pa petioles afupipafupi amakhala ndi mawonekedwe owundana kapena ovoid. Masamba am'munsi ndi ochepa komanso amakulimba kuposa apamwamba. M'mphepete mwa pepalalo papepala ndi serrate. Tsinde ndi masamba ali ndi kufupikitsa, kosadziwika kwenikweni.
M'mwezi wa Meyi-Seputembara, maluwa agolide atuluka. M'matumba a masamba apamwamba, masamba onenepa a corymbose inflorescence amaphuka. Amakhala ndi masamba ambiri achikasu. Kutalika kwa maluwa ndi 4-8 mm. M'mphepete muli mabelu okhala ndi miyala yachikasu. Zoyerekeza zapakati ndi mtundu wachikasu. Masamba amatseguka kuchokera pamphepete mwa inflorescence kupita pakati.
Pambuyo pa pollination, zipatso zimamangidwa - ziphuphu za mawonekedwe acylindrical okhala ndi nthiti zazitali. Kutalika kwake ndi 3-4 mm. Kuphimba kwa pubescent pamakoma kumatha ndi burashi yofiirira.
Malingaliro odziwika
Mtundu wa goldenrod uli ndi mitundu yoposa 100. Mwa awa, ochepera khumi amagwiritsidwa ntchito pachikhalidwe.
Goldrod wamba ndizofala kwambiri. Itha kupezeka mu kukula kwa Eurasia ndi North Africa. Kutalika kwa chomera cha herbaceous chokhala ndi mphukira pang'ono ndi 60-130 cm. Masamba ozungulira m'munsi mwa tsindewo ali ndi petioles, ndipo masamba ake apamwamba ndiwosalala. Zowala ndi ma cylindrical inflorescence zimatulutsa mu June-Ogasiti. Chomera chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala ndipo ndi chomera chabwino cha uchi.
Goldenrod waku Canada. Zomera zimagawidwa kumapiri akum'mawa kwa North America ndi ku Eurasia. Zoyambira zake zimasiyanitsidwa ndi masikono akuluakulu (50-150 cm). Kumpoto kwa mphukira ndi masamba ndizakutidwa kwambiri ndi villi. Masamba otambalala a lanceolate okhala ndi m'mbali mwa masentimita ali ndi kutalika kwa 12-15 cm.Maluwa mu Ogasiti-Seputembele ndi inflorescence yachikasu.
Golidi ndi wosakanizidwa. Mtunduwu unakhala wobala mitundu yambiri yokongoletsa. Zomera ndizofanana kukula kwake ndi masamba okongola. Ngakhale opanda maluwa, amapangitsa chidwi pakati pa wamaluwa. Mitundu yotchuka kwambiri:
- Strakhlenkron - mphukira zophukira mpaka 80cm zotalika zokutidwa ndi masamba obiriwira owala obiriwira, inflorescence yowala wachikasu yowoneka pamwamba pa tsinde;
- Goldtanne - chitsamba mpaka 2 m chakwera kufalikira mkati mwa Seputembala wandiweyani wachikasu wa lalanje inflorescence pafupifupi 50 cm;
- spatgold - kutalika kwa tchire ndi inflorescence ya mandimu sikupitirira 80 cm;
- perkeo - tchire yaying'ono mpaka 50cm kutalika koyambirira kwa Ogasiti yokutidwa ndi inflorescence yachikasu yowala.
Goldenrod wapamwamba kwambiri. Zowombera zamtunduwu zimafikira 2 m kutalika. Amapanga nthenga zocheperako zokhala ndi masamba owoneka bwino obiriwira. Kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa Ogasiti, maluwa achikasu owala kwambiri 30 cm masentimita 30 mu solidago.Akhalabe pamalowo kwa masiku pafupifupi 50.
Njira zolerera
Kubwezeretsedwanso kwa goldenrod kutha kuchitika mwanjira zotsatirazi:
- Kufesa mbewu. Muyenera kufesa mbewu zosaposa chaka chimodzi, popeza zimataya msanga. Chitani izi poyera. Chapakatikati, kutentha pakukhazikika + 18 ° C ndi kukwera, mabowo osaya pansi amapangika m'deralo ndipo amayesanso kugawa mbewu momwemo. Dothi limanyowa mozama. Kuwombera kumatha kudziwika patatha masiku 14-20. M'chaka choyamba, mbande sizimakonda kuphuka.
- Gawani chitsamba. Pambuyo pa chaka choyamba cha moyo, golide wagolide amapangika mizu, komabe, kugawa kumachitika bwino pambuyo pa zaka 3-4. M'nyengo yamasika kapena yotentha, tchire limatha kugawidwa m'magulu angapo. Mtunda wa masentimita 40 uyenera kutsalira pakati pa mbande.
- Mizu yodula. Pozika mizu, gwiritsani ntchito zigawo zapamwamba za tsinde popanda inflorescence. M'chilimwe, njira zina zamtsogolo zimatha kudulidwa. Mizu imachitidwa mumiphika ndi chisakanizo cha mchenga. Pambuyo pa masabata 1-2, mbande zimamera, ndipo patadutsa masiku 14-20 ali okonzeka kuzipititsa kumalo osatha.
Malamulo Osamalira
Goldenrod ndi mtengo wopepuka, wopepuka. Wamaluwa wamphwayi kapena waulesi angakonde. Duwa limakonda madera abwino. Pa iwo, solidago imakula bwino ndikupanga masamba ambiri. Imathanso kupirira pang'ono, koma pang'ono, maluwa ayamba pambuyo pake.
Nthaka zachonde zopanda ndale kapena pang'ono acidic ndizoyenera kubzala. Chomera chimatha kutengera dothi lozizira, lolemera. Goldenrod amafunika kuthirira nthawi zonse, koma osasunthika madzi pansi. Chilala chowirikiza chimayambitsa matenda ndikuchepetsa maluwa.
Feteleza goldenrod ndizofunikira pokhapokha dothi losauka. Kuchulukanso mchere kumabweretsa msipu wamphamvu wa zimayambira komanso kutsika kwamaluwa. Ma feteleza a Mullein kapena apadziko lonse angagwiritsidwe ntchito. Malangizo amabweretsedwa padziko lapansi pamwezi mpaka maluwa atakwanira.
Kuti tipewe kudzidalira tokha, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti muchepetse inflorescence mukangophuka. Izi ziteteza tsambalo kuti lisatengeke ndi dhahaburod. Tchire kutali liyenera kumangirizidwa. Mu nthawi yophukira, mphukira zimadulidwa kwathunthu, ndikusiya masentimita 10-15 okha pamtunda. Zomera sizigwirizana ndi chisanu ndipo sizifunikira nyumba yowonjezera.
Matenda ndi tizilombo toononga sizimakhudza kwambiri golide. Nthawi zina amadwala aster dzimbiri ndi powdery mildew. Fungicides amathandizira kuthana ndi matenda a fungus. Tizilombo toyambitsa majeremusi timatha kuchoka kuzomera zoyandikana nazo. Mphukira za Spruce zimavutika kwambiri ndi slugs ndi mbozi. Kuthandizira kupewa ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo tithandizirani kuteteza tchire ku tizirombo.
Kugwiritsa ntchito Goldenrod
Goldenrod ndi yoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pakuwononga malo. Mitundu ya haibridi ndi yoyenera kukhala pabedi lamaluwa lophatikizika, chifukwa silimadzibala ndipo sililetsa mbewu zoyandikana. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pophatikiza, kuchotsera, minda yamwala ndi miyala yamiyala. Masamba achikasu ndi abwino pafupi ndi conifers, komanso maluwa a phlox, sage, ndi asters. Chomera chokongola ichi cha uchi chimakopa tizilombo ndi agulugufe ambiri pamalowo.
Goldenrod amawoneka wamkulu osati pakapinga, komanso pamphika. Phwandolo lizikhala mpaka milungu iwiri ndipo limafalitsa fungo labwino, losasangalatsa. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito maluwa kuti ome.
Kupanga ndi mankhwala
Goldenrod Canadian ndi wamba amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamankhwala amchikhalidwe komanso mankhwala azitsamba. Muli zinthu zochuluka zaacic acid, ma saponins, ma phenolic, ma flavonoids, ma polysaccharides, mafuta amafuta ndi zinthu zina zama bioactive.
Zipangizo zopangira mankhwala mu mawonekedwe a masamba oyambira ndi inflorescence zimasonkhanitsidwa nthawi yamaluwa. Ziwume m'malo abwino mpweya wabwino. Pambuyo pouma, tikulimbikitsidwa kupunthanso ndikuchotsa zitsinde zowonda. Zotsatira zomwe zimasungidwa zimasungidwa m'matumba a nsalu kapena m'matumba a pepala kwa chaka chimodzi.
Msuzi, tiyi, uchi ndi zokoka za golide zimakhudza zotsatirazi:
- woyembekezera;
- antimicrobial;
- okodzetsa;
- kuchiritsa bala;
- odana ndi yotupa.
Madokotala a Folk akuti mothandizidwa ndi golide, mutha kuchotsa miyala ya impso, kuledzera thupi ndi kutsekula m'mimba, kusamba kwa msambo, kusokonezeka kwamitsempha, komanso matenda opatsirana pogonana.
Contraindication
Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti kuphatikiza pazinthu zofunikira, pali zotsutsana. Goldenrod imakhala ndi zoopsa zochepa, zomwe, ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo, zimawononga thupi. Mankhwala okhala ndi Solidago amadzipatsirana mwa amayi apakati komanso oyamwa, komanso ana osakwana zaka 14. Chomera sichitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati matenda a impso ndi magazi, komanso pamaso pa ziwengo. Ngati mukumva kusowa bwino, muyenera kusiya kumwa mankhwalawo ndikuonana ndi dokotala.
