Skorospelku kuchokera ku Michurinsk popanda kukokomeza kutchedwa wolemba mbiri. Malingana ndi liwiro la kukolola zipatso, izi zosiyanasiyana sizili zofanana ndipo zoyamba m'munda wa peyala zimakondweretsa wamaluwa ndi mbewu zatsopano.
Komanso, peyala ya Skorospelka ku Michurinsk ili ndi ubwino wina - kupirira, zodabwitsa chisanu kukana ndi zokolola zambiri, kufotokoza kwathunthu kwa maonekedwe onse ndi zithunzi za chipatso kamodzi mu nkhaniyi.
Kodi ndi mapeyala otani?
Skorospelka kuchokera ku Michurinsk ndi nyengo zosiyanasiyana ndi ultra kuyambirira yakucha zipatso za chilengedwe chonse.
Amakulira m'minda komanso m'mabwalo apadera kuti asamamwe - zipatso zake sizisungidwa kwa nthawi yayitali.
Komanso Skorpospelka kuchokera ku Michurinsk ndi yabwino kumalongeza - imapangitsa juices, mabala, mapiritsi komanso kusunga.
Mitengo ya chilimwe imaphatikizaponso: Fairy Tale, Northenian Krasnoshchekaya, Rogneda, Lel ndi Moscow Poyamba.
Mbiri yobereketsa ndi dera loswana
Mfuti yoyamba kuchokera ku Michurinsk ndi zotsatira za ntchito yoswana ya VNIIGiSPR iwo. I.V. Michurin. Asayansi S. P. Yakovlev ndi A A. P. Gribanovsky adalimbikitsa zimenezi mosiyana ndi kudutsa kwakukulu kwa mitundu yambiri ya Ulaya ku Western Europe "Citron de Carme"ndi haibridi yomwe imapezeka ku pepala la Ussuri yamtundu ndi zosiyanasiyana"Bere Liguel".
Kuyesedwa kwa boma kwa mitundu yatsopanoyi kunayamba mu 1986. Mu 2002, adaikidwa mu Register Register. Kukolola koyamba kuchokera ku Michurinsk kukulimbikitsidwa kulima Central Russia, Central Black Earthkomanso Madera a Middle Volga. Pear yosiyanasiyana ya Skorospelka ku Michurinsk yatsimikiziranso m'minda Kumadzulo chakumadzulo. Olima munda amalandira bwino Zokolola kuchokera ku Michurinsk Moscow dera.
Kudera lakutali, ana, Memory of Zhegalov, Svetlyanka, Chizhovskaya ndi Hera akukula bwino.
Mafotokozedwe osiyana siyana Skorospelka ochokera ku Michurinsk
Ganizirani mosiyana mawonekedwe a mtengo ndi zipatso.
Mtengo
Peyala iyi ndi Mtengo wamtali ndi korona wa pyramidal. Long mafupa nthambi ndi flaky makungwa kukula mmwamba, kupanga lakuthwa mbali ndi thunthu.
Mphukira imakhala yolunjika ndipo imaphimbidwa ndi makungwa a mtundu wachikasu wobiriwira ndi pang'ono malenti.
Masamba apakatikati ali ndi mawonekedwe a ovoid ndi nsonga zapamwamba ndi mpweya pang'ono.
Maluwa oyera amakhala ndi mabala ophwanyika. Zisindikizo zamaluwa zimakula ku pedicel.
Zipatso
Kukula kwa chipatso cha Horoscopelka kuchokera ku Michurinsk chiri pansi payeso, ndipo kulemera kwa peyala iliyonse kuyambira 70 mpaka 100 g Maonekedwe a chipatso angatchedwe kuti ndi angwiro a peyala.
Amakhala ndi pepala lobiriwira-chikasu, lomwe likadzala, limakhala ndi maonekedwe achikasu. Kufewa kwazing'ono kumaonekera pakhungu la zipatso zonse.
Amakonda mapeyala a Skorospelka ochokera ku Michurinsk atsekedwa. Nyama ndi yowutsa mudyo komanso yamtundu wokoma ndi kukoma-kokoma kukoma, ndi kanyumba kamene kamangokhala kosalekeza ndipo mwachizolowezi popanda granulations.
Mitundu ikupanga:
| Kupanga | Chiwerengero cha |
|---|---|
| Sahara | osachepera 8.2% |
| Zotsatira | 0,78 % |
Chithunzi
Zizindikiro
Skorospelka kuchokera ku Michurinsk amabweretsa zipatso zokolola zabwino pafupifupi chaka chilichonse. Iyamba kubala chipatso m'chaka chachisanu cha moyo, ndi zaka zambiri zokolola. Pakadutsa zaka khumi, mitengo ya zosiyanasiyana imatha kupereka kufikira anthu 100 pa zipatso pa hekitala.
Mapeyala ndi mitundu yobala: Bere Russkaya, Bere Bosk, Tonkovetka, Tatyana ndi Talgar wokongola.
Skorospelka yakucha kuchokera ku Michurinsk pamaso pa mitundu yonse ya peyala - pa 20 Julayi, ndipo nthawi zina masiku asanu ndi limodzi m'mbuyomo. Zochitika mu chipinda Zipatso zimasungidwa kwa pafupifupi sabata imodzi, ndi m'firiji - mpaka masabata awiri.
Skorospelka kuchokera ku Michurinsk - samoplodny zosiyanasiyana, zokolola zake zimakula kwambiri ngati mungu wosiyanasiyana umakula "Kumbukirani Yakovlev".
Pa mayesero a boma, Skorospelka kuchokera ku Michurinsk adadziwonetsera ngati imodzi mwa mitundu yozizira kwambiri. Panthawi yozizira, inagonjetsa ngakhale kutsika kotentha monga -40 ° C.
Mitengo yosazirazi ikuphatikizapo: Uralochka, Tikhiy Don, Chizhovskaya, Severyanka ndi Svetlyanka.
Cambia ndi makungwa sizinaphule, mlingo wa kuwonongeka kwa nkhuni ndi impso sizinapitilirepo 1.5 mfundo. Komanso, zosiyanasiyana zimasiyanitsidwa ndi kupirira kwake - siziwopa mphepo yamkuntho ndi kusintha kwadzidzidzi kutentha.
Kubzala ndi kusamalira
Pear Skorospelka ku Michurinsk amakonda kukula Malo amdima ndi owumakumene madzi akugona pansi osati mamita 2.5 kuchokera pansi.
Nthawi yabwino yobzala peyala ndi m'dzinja (mwezi umodzi chisanafike chisanu chozizira) ndi masika (nthawi yomweyo nthaka itatha). Ambiri wamaluwa amakonda kugwa kwa autumnpamene mbande zimakhala ndi nthawi yozizira kuti zipeze mizu yatsopano.
Zotsatira zake, mu masika mapeyala aang'ono adzakhala okonzekera kuyamba kwa nyengo yokula.
Pitani mozama mpaka mamita 1 ndikukhala ndi masentimita 80 mpaka 1 mamita Konzani masabata awiri mpaka 4 musanafike. Ngati nthaka pamtengowo ndi mchenga, ndibwino kuyika dothi la masentimita makumi asanu ndi limodzi pansi pa dzenje.
Gawo limodzi la dzenje la kubzala liri lodzala ndi lopanda dziko lapansi.
Ikonzedwa kuchokera ku zigawo zotsatirazi: kalasi ya mahatchi omwe anakumbidwa kuchokera ku dzenje, pafupifupi ndowa zitatu za manyowa (popanda njira yatsopano!) kapena zowola zomera humus, 100 g ya potashi ndi 150 g wa feteleza phosphate.
Ngati dothi liri lachonde, fetereza ndi yokha.
Musanabzala, chitsamba chamatabwa cha 140 cm chimathamangitsidwa mu dzenje. Pakatikati mwa dzenje amapanga hillock ndikuika mtengo pamtengo umene uli kumpoto kwa msomali. Mizu ya mmera imafalikira kuzungulira mbali ndi kuwaza dziko lapansi.
Ndi ichi Muzu wa mizu iyenera kukwera 3-5 masentimita pamwamba pa pamwamba. Pambuyo kuthirira nthaka idzathera ndipo idzakhala pamlingo woyenera. Nthaka kuzungulira mtengoyo imathamanga ndi kuthirira madzi (ndowa ziwiri kapena zitatu).
Mutabzala, mmerawo umamangiriridwa ku khola ndi nthaka Mulch ndi kompositi, peat kapena humus. Mu nyengo youma patapita masabata awiri, kuthirira kudzafunika kubwerezedwa.
Kusamalira peyala kumaphatikizapo nthawi zonse kuchotsa namsongole, kumasula ndi kugawanika kwa phesizomwe zimathandiza kuyamwa kwa zakudya ndi kusungidwa kwa chinyezi.
Kumapeto kwa autumn pamaso pa isanayambike ozizira nyengo ndi zofunika kukumba pafupi-stem mabwalo. Kuzama kwa kukumba pafupi ndi mtengo wa peyala sikuyenera kukhala oposa 12 masentimita, ndipo malo onse a tsinde sayenera kukhala oposa 25 masentimita.
Kuthirira peyala kumafuna kawirikawiri, koma kuchuluka - kokwanira katatu pa nyengo. (mu kasupe, pambuyo maluwa kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe ndi m'dzinja nthawi ya tsamba kugwa). Mtengo wokwanira wa madzi kwa mtengo umodzi wokha ndizochepa zidebe zitatu pa mita imodzi ya mzere wa thunthu.
M'chaka choyamba mutabzala, kudya kwa mapeyala aang'ono sikofunikira, chifukwa iwo anabzala mu nthaka yachonde kale feteleza. Pamene akukula ndikuyamba fruiting, mitengo imayamba kufunika feteleza pachaka.
Zosankha zodyetsa ndizo zambiri. Mlimi aliyense amasankha dongosolo lake la feteleza pogwiritsa ntchito msinkhu komanso dziko la thanzi la peyala, nthaka yomwe ili pa malo ndi nyengo.
M'chaka cha peyala amafunika nayitrogeni feteleza.Ambiri mwawo ndi urea (25 g pa 1 sq. M ya mtengo pamwamba) ndi ammonium nitrate (30 g pa 1 sq. M).
Ndibwino kuti muzichita zovala ziwiri: isanayambe komanso pambuyo pake.
Kugwa, mitengo imamera ndi mchere wambiri., yomwe ingagulidwe pa malo oyamba a munda kapena kuphika.Chinthu chimodzi chomwe mungasankhe kuti muvalidwe: kuchepetsa 1 supuni ya tebulo ya potaziyamu ndi ma supuni 2 a superphosphate mu 10 malita a madzi - iyi ndi mlingo pa 1 sq. M. Zaka ziwiri kapena zitatu zonse zakuthupi zimayambira pansi pa peyala, njira yabwino kwambiri yomwe imakhala ndi kompositi kapena manyowa (pafupifupi 2 kg pa 1 sq m).
Skorospelka yamatabwa kuchokera ku Michurinsk amatha kugwedezeka pa zokolola zambiri. Kukula kwa chipatso chake kumathandiza kuyesa fruiting pogwiritsa ntchito kudulira pachaka.
Kudulidwa kwadzinja kumachitika. ndi kuchotsa mphukira youma, matenda ndi kuonongeka. M'chaka cha achinyamata mapeyala kupanga korona, kudulira mafunde aakulu kwambiri.
Mitengo akuluakulu amafunika kuthandizidwa ndi masika kapena kubwezeretsa mitengo. Nthambi zochotsedwa zimakula mpaka korona kapena kumbali.
Komanso kudula nsonga, mphukira zofooka ndi nthambi zautali kwambiri. Chifukwa cha kudulira kotereku, fruiting sizongowonongeka, koma mpweya wokhala ndi mpweya umapitsidwanso bwino.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Pear Skorospelka ku Michurinsk osadwala //selo.guru/ptitsa/bolezni-p/gribkovye/parsha.htmlkoma pansi pa zovuta Amakhudzidwa ndi moniliasis mu mawonekedwe a zowola zipatso. Gwero lalikulu la matenda ndi chovunda chovunda inalembedwa m'munda. Ma spores opangidwa pa iwo amanyamulidwa ndi mphepo, mvula ndi tizilombo.
Kukaniza nkhanambo kumasiyana ndi mitundu yotsatirayi: Cathedral, Krasulia, Lada, Elegant Efimova ndi Otradnenskaya.
Moniliasis makamaka imakhudza zipatso ndi khungu lowonongeka. Matendawa amayamba ndi mapangidwe a bulauni, omwe, pang'onopang'ono akufutukula, amaphimba mwana aliyense. Popanda kuchitapo kanthu, zowola zimapita ku zipatso zoyandikana nazo.
Pofuna kupewa moniliosis, muyenera kuchotsa mapeyala odwala pamtengo nthawi ndi kuwononga mtembo. Nawonso Korona wandiweyani ndi wofunikira kuti ukhale wochepa. Monga njira yotetezera pamaso pa kutupa masamba mitengo sprayed ndi urea yankho.
Yambani kuteteza mitengo ya peyala kuchokera ku tizirombo tiyenera kugwa. Mitundu yambiri ya tizilombo tapitirira pa masamba ndi nthaka kuyeretsa masamba ndi kukumba magudumu Thandizani kuthetsa gawo lalikulu la iwo. Kuonjezerapo, masamba atagwa pa nthambi, nkhuku za tizilombo tomwe timapanga m'nkhalango zimakhala zooneka bwino. Amasonkhanitsidwa ndikuwotchedwa.
Zambiri za nkhupakupa, scarab ndi tizilombo tina timene timatchera pa peyala zingathe kuwonongedwa, kuchotsa makungwa akale ku thunthu ndikuyeretsa shtamb.
Mankhwalawa amatha kuwonjezeredwa ku laimu yoyera. Izi zidzakuthandizani kuti pakhale ndondomekoyi. Ndi tizirombo tambirimbiri m'chilimwe mankhwala ambiri amtengo ndi mankhwala.
Posankha sapling kwa munda wanu wa zipatso, samverani zosiyanasiyana zosiyanasiyana za peyala ya Skorospelka ku Michurinsk - peyala iyi sidzakugwetsani pansi ndipo onse asapereke zipatso zabwino kwambiri.
