Kukula zomera zapakhomo kwa zaka zambiri kumakhala ntchito yotchuka pakati pa azimayi okhala mumzindawu. Poyamba, mawindo a zenera anali okongoletsedwa ndi violets, aloe, geraniums, begonias. Lero bwera mu mafashoni zosowa zachilengedwe zakumweramonga eonium. Amakopa chidwi cha kusamalidwa kosavuta, mawonekedwe okongoletsera achilendo, okongola komanso osachepera maluwa.
Chiyambi
Dzina lake limachokera ku mawu achilatini "Aeonium" (osatha, amoyo). Nthawi zina amatchedwa "Dambo Rose".
Malo a kukula ndi zilumba za Canary. Amapezanso m'madera ena a Ethiopia ndi Mediterranean, pa Arabia Peninsula.
Makhalidwe mawonekedwe
Eonium - mtundu wa zomera zokoma kuchokera m'banja Ali ndi zizindikiro zomwe zimasiyanitsa ndi mitundu ina ya zomera.
- Thunthu la mtengo, nthambi, kuuma, bulauni. Nthambi ndi zokhota.
- Masambawa ndi amchere, amodzi, amasonkhana mu rosettes wandiweyani pamwamba pa zimayambira. Pali mitundu yambiri ya masamba obiriwira ndi burgundy (Atropurpureum), yomwe imafuna kuwala kwa dzuwa kuti zisunge mtundu.
- Mizu ili ndi mphamvu zokwanira, koma imakhala yovuta kuwonongeka. Mu mitundu yambiri ya mitundu, mapangidwe a mizu yowonjezera yamlengalenga ndi yotheka.
- Maluwa osiyana siyana: oyera, ofiira, achikasu. Anapangidwa pautali, wandiweyani pedicel. Ma inflorescences ndi aakulu, ambulera.
Mitundu
Mu chilengedwe, pali pafupifupi mitundu makumi anayi. Tidzakambirana za otchuka kwambiri:
Aeonium Ayeretsedwe
Mafanowo: cyimbal, longline. Maluwa okongola obiriwira omwe ali ndi chobiriwira, chophwanyika, chokhalira, chimanga cha masamba, mpaka masentimita 50. Kumtunda iwo amaperekedwa ndi kufalitsa, ndi kupititsa kumunsi. Mphepete mwake muli malire ndi tsitsi lofiira kwambiri. Zitsulo ndi zolimba kwambiri. Udindo wa masambawo uli ngati denga losindikizidwa. Maluwa ndi achikasu. Inflorescence ndi ambulera, pyramidal. Mbewu ndi mdima, yaying'ono. Pambuyo maluwa ndi fruiting amafa. Mu chilengedwe, amapezeka ku Tenerife.
Aeonium Wavy
Maluwa okongola kwambiri omwe ali ndi lalikulu, otsika-nthambi, matalala a siliva ndi zilonda zofiira. Msuti ndi wandiweyani, wokhala ndi masentimita 30 mpaka masentimita. Masambawo ndi obiriwira, owala, ozungulira, ndi ochepa. Kumtunda kwandikulitsidwa, kupatulira kumunsi. Mphepete mwachangu. Inflorescence ndi pyramidal. Maluwa ochepa, mandimu.
Kunyumba kwa Eonium
Compact kwambiri nthambi shrub 25-30 masentimita wamtali. Thunthu la mtengo. Kuchokera pamunsi, nthambi zowonongeka zimapangidwira, kutsika pafupi ndi pamwamba. Masambawa ndi ochepa, ophimbidwa ndi villi. Inflorescence yaikulu. Maluwa ndi achikasu. Malingalirowa amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zobiriwira mini-aquariums, zopanga zojambula. Lili ndi zokongoletsera, makhalidwe okongoletsera, oyenerera udindo wa chinthu chamtali chachikulu. Chiyambi cha mitunduyo sichikudziwika. Mabotolo ena amawaona ngati munda wosakanizidwa.
Aeonium Variegata
Icho chiri cha subspecies za Kunyumba. Zimasiyanitsa ndondomeko zazing'ono pa masamba. Kawirikawiri amakula m'mabotolo akuluakulu osangalatsa.
Mitengo ya Eonium
Zomera zachitsamba za shrub ndi masamba owoneka bwino. Zimayambira 2-3 masentimita awiri. Masamba aang'ono mwamphamvu kwambiri. Pamwamba ndi yowala, yosalala. Maluwa ndi achikasu, akuwonekera mu February. Kupulumutsidwa ku Morocco.
Aeonium Haworth
Wamtali, shrub wochuluka kwambiri. Nthambi zochepa zowonongeka zimapangidwira pansi pazitsulo. M'kupita kwa nthawi, amawoneka okhwima, mizu ya mlengalenga. Masamba ndi owopsa, ovate, imvi-yobiriwira, ndi mzere wofiira, cilia pamphepete mwa serrated. Zitsekerera. Maluwa ndi aang'ono, achikasu ndi pinki tinge. Alimi ena amayerekezera zitsamba zazikulu ndi bonsai.
Aeonium wa canary
Zosakaniza ndi tsinde lalifupi ndi lalikulu, lochititsa chidwi kwambiri la masamba mpaka 45-50 masentimita awiri. Masamba aang'ono ndi ofiira obiriwira, a pubescent pang'ono, pinkish. Yambani yaitali, mpaka mamita m'litali. Maluwa a mandimu. Kusiyana fungo la basamu la masamba.
Aeonium lindley
Phalasitiki yosakanizika ndi shrub yomwe ili ndi tsinde pansi, mpaka 30 cm mu msinkhu. Nthambizo ndi zambiri, zofiirira, zoonda. Masambawa ndi ochepa, amathira, amawunikira, amavala tsitsi. Akakhudzidwa, amamangirira pamwamba pa manja. Maluwa ali ndi golide wonyezimira, ophatikizidwa m'mizere. Kusamalira kunyumba kwa Eonium Lindley ndi zofanana ndi mitundu ina. Mu greenhouses ndi nyumba zimasungidwa mu nyengo yotentha. Kukaniza kumakula mu zipinda ndi kuunikira kwina. Kufalikira kumawombera ndi 2-3 rosettes wa masamba. Tiyenera kuzindikira kuti mphukira za Lindley zimakhazikika bwino m'madzi. Chenjerani wamaluwa! Mu chikhalidwe cha hydroponic, zomera zimakula bwino pa LTA-2. Kawirikawiri maganizowa amasankhidwa ndi okonza kupanga maluwa, mini-aquariums.
Aeonium Kukongoletsera
Shrub hemispherical mawonekedwe. Masambawa ndi amchere, ang'onoang'ono, amawomba pang'ono pamphepete mwawo, akuwala, obiriwira omwe ali ndi mzere wofiira, amasonkhana mumapangidwe okongola a miyala omwe amapangidwa m'mphepete mwa nthambi zowonongeka. Maluwa a pinki. Mafilimu a Inflorescence. Amamasula mu May ndi July.
Eonium Treelike Schwarzkopf
Popular in floriculture. Mazipi a Mtengo. Amadziwika ndi masamba a mdima, ofiira a maroon.
Kusamalira eonium kunyumba
Kukula mbewu sikovuta. Zokwanira kutsatira malangizo osavuta.
Mutatha kugula
Amayi amasiye ambiri amapeza maluwa osaganiziridwa. Wina amagula mwangozi pa chiwonetsero, supamaketi, malo ogulitsa, kapena mwinamwake amapeza ngati tsiku la kubadwa. Zotsatira zake, mphika watsala pawindo ndikuyamba kumusamalira. Izi sizolondola. Nthawi yomweyo mutagula, chomeracho chiyenera kuikidwa. Chipangizo ndi chidebe chomwe chinali mu sitolo sichiyenera kulima kwamuyaya ndipo chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kanthawi kochepa.
Kusankha mphika
Mizu ya mbewuyo ndi yamphamvu, kotero mphamvuyo ndi yabwino komanso yosakwanira. Ndi bwino kupatsa zowonjezera m'malo mwa pulasitiki. Onetsetsani kuti muli ndi dzenje pansi.
Kusankhidwa kwa dothi
Chomerachi chikufunikira kuwala, porous, komanso permmeable kwa oxygen ndi chinyezi ku mizu. Mukhoza kupanga dothi lanu mwa kusakaniza masamba ndi tirigu mumagulu ofanana. Onjezani peat, mchenga, njerwa za njerwa.
Kubzala maluwa
- Sungani ndi kuthira mankhwala atsopano bwinobwino.
- Pangani mpweya wosanjikiza ndikudzaza pansi.
- Ikani chomeracho mu gawo lofewa ndipo muzitsuka pang'ono.
Kuunikira
Chipinda chiyenera kuyatsa bwino. Malo abwino kwambiri m'nyumba - mawindo a nyumba, moyang'ana kum'mwera, kum'mwera chakumadzulo, kumwera chakum'maŵa.
- Pa masiku otentha, perekani mthunzi wochokera ku dzuwa kuti muteteze kutentha pamasamba.
- Duwa silingalekerere pang'ono mdima. Koma, mu mitundu ina, mtundu wowala kwambiri wa masamba umapezeka kokha dzuwa.
- M'nyengo yozizira, samalirani chitsimikizo china choonjezera (ngati chikufunika).
Kuthirira
M'chilimwe ndi masika, muyenera kumwa madzi nthawi zonse (pafupifupi 1 nthawi mu masiku asanu ndi awiri). Pa masiku otentha nthawi zambiri. M'nyengo yozizira, madzi okwanira amaimitsidwa.
Chenjerani! Eonium amavomereza kuwonjezera chinyezi. Madzi ochepa akhoza kuwonongeka.
Kutentha kwa mpweya
Zowonjezera zowonjezera sizikufunika. Nthawi zina mumatha kutsuka ndi madzi kuchotsa fumbi. Alimi ena amaphimba nthaka ndi cellophane pakapopera mbewu kuti asatenge madzi kulowa mu gawo.
Kudyetsa
Kuyambira May mpaka August, feteleza amagwiritsidwa ntchito kamodzi pa masiku 30.
Gwiritsirani ntchito feteleza wothirira madzi okoma ndi cacti omwe ali ndi potassium ambiri.
Ndibwino kuti mutenge mlingo wa theka chofunika. Kuchuluka kwa mchere kungakhale kovulaza thanzi. Mitundu ya variegated ili ndi mawanga.
Kutentha
Spring ndi chilimwe abwino oyenera, ofunda kutentha - 20-25 madigiri. M'nyengo yozizira - pafupifupi 14-15 madigiri.
Pewani mphepo yozizira, ma drafts ndi kusintha kwadzidzidzi kutentha.
Mu nyengo yabwino, mungatenge mphika panja kuti chomera chikhale mpweya komanso mpweya wabwino.
Kuswana
Eonium imafalitsa mothandizidwa ndi masamba a cuttings, apical rosettes, stem cuttings, mbewu.
- Masamba ndi rosettes zimapanga chinthu chophweka. Zokwanira kuziyika mu gawo lapansi (pepala 1/3)
- The cuttings ndi mizu mumchenga pansi polyethylene, atakonza odulidwa ndi phytohormone. Mizu ya cuttings imabzalidwa m'magawo osiyana ndipo imaikidwa mozungulira kuwala.
- Zingafalitsidwe ndi mbewu. Kwa E. Tarelchaty ndiyo njira yokhayo yopulumutsira moyo. Amafesedwa kumapeto kwa nyengo yozizira, kuphatikizapo nthaka ndi mchenga. Pamwamba pa pang'ono owazidwa ndi dziko lapansi. Anamera pa kutentha kwa madigiri 12-14. Pambuyo pa masabata awiri, mphukira yoyamba idzawonekera.
Maluwa
Mu chikhalidwe cha kunyumba eonium limamasula kawirikawiri, koma wokongola kwambiri komanso wokhalitsa. Pambuyo pake, mphukira yokhala ndi maluwa imatha. E. Tsinde lopangidwa ndi thabwa liri ndi tsinde losakhala ndi nthambi komanso mtengo umodzi, choncho imamwalira mutatha maluwa. Nthawi yamaluwa imasiyana ndipo imadalira mtundu weniweniwo.
Fungo
Maluwawo sanatchule fungo. Masamba a mitundu ina (E. Canary, E. Lindley) amasiyanitsa ndi fungo la basamu.
Moyo wonse
Zingasinthe mwa mitundu. Aeonium amatanthauza maluwa osatha.
Tizilombo, matenda
Eonium ali ndi chitetezo chabwino cha m'thupi, cholimbana ndi matenda ndi tizilombo toononga. Mavuto angakhalepo popanda kusamalidwa bwino.
- Kusungunuka kwa chinyezi kumabweretsa maonekedwe a zowola. Ndikofunika kuti muzindikire matendawa m'kupita kwa nthawi, ndikusintha maluwa mu chidebe chatsopano ndi gawo lapansi. Mizu yatsukidwa bwino, kuyeretsedwa ndi kuchiritsidwa ndi mphamvu yochepa ya potaziyamu permanganate. Monga njira yowonetsera, tsatirani njira yothirira ulimi.
- Ndi kupanda kuwala, zimayambira zimatulutsidwa, rosettes amamasulidwa, masamba akugwa. Ndikofunika kukonzanso mphika mumakhala bwino.
- Matenda a fungal amasonyezedwa ndi maonekedwe a bulauni, ma chikasu pa masamba. Chithandizo chokonzekera, kuyimika kwa ulimi wothirira, kuika ngati kuli kofunikira.
- Nthawi zina zomera zimayambitsa nyongolotsi. Zitha kuoneka pa zokutira sera zoyera zofanana ndi ubweya wa thonje. Njira yothetsera sopo imatha kapena swab ya thonje. Pambuyo pake mukhoza kupopera ndi kulowetsedwa kwa adyo kapena sopo wobiriwira. Ndi matenda aakulu, karbofos imagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Mankhwala a eonium
Nthawi zina eonium imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa mankhwala amwambo.
- Madzi a masamba amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochizira glaucoma, herpes, amayaka. Ali ndi antibacterial properties, amalimbikitsa kuti thupi likhazikitsidwe. Akazi amawonjezera madzi ku zodzoladzola kuti athetse makwinya, kubwezeretsanso khungu.
- Mafuta ali ndi ziwalo za antiseptic. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza kutupa, machiritso a machiritso, ndi kuthamanga kwa mankhwala.
Masiku ano aonium ndi otchuka pakati pa wamaluwa ambiri. Zimakopa chidwi cha mawonekedwe achilendo, osakongola, okongoletsa. Adzatha kukongoletsa nyumba iliyonse, kuti azitha kukonza maluwa kapena zobiriwira. Kusamalira iye sikovuta. Ngati mumusamalira ndi kumusamalira, kwa nthawi yayitali adzakondweretsani inu ndikupanga chitonthozo mnyumbamo.
Chithunzi
