Zabava ndi nyengo yabwino yozizira-mphesa yolimba yomwe imatha kukula ngakhale mu nyengo yovuta ya Siberia.
Zosiyanasiyanazi zili ndi dzina lina: Black Laura. Icho chikufanizitsa bwino ndi mitundu yina ya kucha kwake, chisomo chodabwitsa ndi mosavuta kulima ndi kusamalira.
Ndi mtundu wanji?
Kusangalala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamphesa yam'mbuyo. Mwangwiro ndi oyenera kulima pakatikati pa Russia ndi kumpoto kwa Belarus. Lili ndi katundu wodabwitsa kwambiri ndipo limakula bwino m'madera akumidzi.
Moldova, Nkhuzi Yamtundu ndi Black Raven komanso zimakhala ndi mitundu ya mphesa yakuda.
Mphesa Zabava: zofotokozera zosiyanasiyana
Kusangalatsa (Laura Black) kumakula mokwanira mkati mwa masiku 100-120 kuchokera ku mawonekedwe a mazira. Chitsamba ndi champhamvu, mu chaka chimatha pafupifupi mamita 3-4 mu msinkhu. Masangowa ndi aakulu, osati ochuluka kwambiri, akulemera pafupifupi 1-1.5 makilogalamu. Maluwa odzimvera mungu, amphongo. Kupsa kwa mpesa ndi rooting ya cuttings ndi zabwino kwambiri. Amakula bwino pamitsuko yambiri.
Zipatsozi ndi zazikulu kwambiri, zowirira, zakuda buluu, kufika pamtunda wa 10-15 g Mnofu ndi wokoma, wandiweyani, wonyezimira, khungu ndi lochepa. Kalasi sichimangidwe ndi mtola ndipo sichifunikira kupatulira masango. Zipatso kwa nthawi yaitali zimakhala ndi maonekedwe abwino ndipo zimakhala ndi zokometsera zokoma.
Aleshenkin Dar, Marcelo ndi Ayut Pavlovsky sakhalanso ndi mtola.
Chithunzi
Zithunzi za mphesa "Zosangalatsa":
Mbiri yobereka
Mitundu yambiri yambiri ya Zabava inalengedwa ndi Chiyukireniya ankachita masewera olimbitsa thupi chifukwa cha kuwoloka kwa mitundu Kodryanka ndi Laura. Maonekedwe a masamba ndi kutalika Zabava adachoka ku Laura.
Kalasiyi ikukonzekera kulima ku Ukraine, kumadera ambiri a Russia ndi Belarus. Chifukwa cha kuzizira kwachisanu, zimayesedwa kuti zimalimbikitsa kulima mumzinda wa Urals ndi Siberia.
Pakati pa mitundu yoziziritsa yozizira amadziwikanso Kukongola kwa kumpoto, Super Extra ndi Isabella.
Zizindikiro
- Zabava (Laura wakuda) zowonjezera kwambiri zipatso za mphesa. Chifukwa cha izi, chitsamba chimafuna kudulira nthawi zonse maso asanu ndi asanu ndi asanu, kuti asasokoneze mpesa.
- Ali ndi mkulu wozizira hardiness, akhoza kupirira kutentha mpaka -25C. Komabe, kumpoto madera, musaiwale za mosamala kukulitsa chitsamba m'nyengo yozizira. Zimakula bwino pa nthaka yakuda.
- Mpesa uwu sungagonjetsedwe ndi imvi yovunda ndi oidium, koma ikhoza kugwidwa ndi mildew, kuyesedwa ndi zilonda ndi tizirombo tina.
Mavitamini amalekerera pa kayendetsedwe ka kayendedwe ka nthaka ndipo nthawi yaitali amakhalabe watsopano komanso wogulitsidwa.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Kusangalala kumaonongeka kwambiri ndi ziphuphu ndipo kumafuna kutetezedwa nthawi zonse. Ngati n'kotheka, m'pofunikira kuwononga zisa zonse zomwe zili pafupi ndi munda wamphesa. Mukhoza kuyesa kupopera mphesa ndi vinyo wosasa woyera.
Zoipa zimathandiza kuthirira nthaka pansi pa mphesa, zotchedwa, utsi wamadzi.
Amaluwa ena amajambula masango opangidwa ndi tiyi tochepa. Koma pakadali pano, amafunika kufufuzidwa nthawi zonse kuti asayambe kuvunda.
Zopanda phindu kwa izi zosiyanasiyana ndi tizirombo tina:
- kangaude;
- phylloxera;
- mphesa;
- masamba a masamba.
Kangaude mite Amadyetsa zomera zopuma ndikukhala mkati mwa tsamba la mphesa. Zindikirani maonekedwe ake zikhoza kuyendera masamba nthawi zonse.
Malo amdima amdima amaoneka pazowonongeka. Ndikofunika kuyamba kumenyana ndi nkhupakupa pasadakhale, kuteteza mapangidwe a makiti pa masamba. Kupopera mbewu ndi kukonzekera kwapadera kapena kuthandizira kachepa kumathandiza.
Phylloxera - imodzi mwa tizirombo ta mphesa zoipa kwambiri. N'zotheka kuteteza maonekedwe ake mwa kukula mphesa pa phylloxera zosagwira rootstocks.
Mungathe kupirira ndi kungozula ndi kuyatsa munda wonse wamphesa. Polimbana ndi masamba, phylloxera ntchito kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi wapadera emulsion. Chithandizo cha nthaka ndi fumigants chimathandiza kuthana ndi mawonekedwe a mizu.
Mphesa yamphesa Mu njira zambiri zofanana ndi intaneti. Mawanga akapezeka pa masamba, amachizidwa mofulumira ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Butterfly moth Zimakhudza masamba ndi mphukira za mphesa. Iye amasangalala pansi pa makungwa a zomera. Monga njira zothandizira, mungagwiritse ntchito mankhwala ndi kuwonongeka kwa makungwa akale.
Ngakhale kuti zosangalatsa zimagonjetsedwa ndi zosiyanasiyana zovunda ndi oidium, zimadabwa mildew. Izi ndi matenda owopsa kwambiri a bowa wamphesa.
Amadziwoneka ngati mawanga ochepa pamasamba. Pakapita kanthawi mawangawo amakula, amadzala ndi maonekedwe oyera ndipo masamba omwe amakhudzidwa amafa. Matendawa amatha kupita ku masango ndipo amawombera ndi kuwononga mbewu.
Pa matenda omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati a anthracnose, chlorosis, bacteriosis, rubella ndi kansa ya bakiteriya, mukhoza kuwerenga zambiri za iwo pazinthu zosiyana za malowa ndi kutenga njira zonse zothandizira.
Kawirikawiri, zosangalatsa ndi zabwino zokwera ku dacha. Saliwopa chisanu, ali ndi maonekedwe okongola ndi kukoma kwakukulu. Ntchito yake yaikulu ndi kuthekera kwa kukula m'madera ozizira ndi kucha.
Zipatso zazikulu zokongola za Chisangalalo ndi kuphweka kwake mu chisamaliro sichidzasiya aliyense. Mitengo ya mphesa ikhoza kulangizidwa kuti ikule ngakhale wamaluwa wamaluwa.
Pakati pa odzichepetsa mitundu komanso ofunika kumvetsera Giovanni, Denisovsky ndi Aladdin.
Vuto lalifupi loyamba la mphesa "Zabava":
