Zinsinsi za zokolola zabwino. Kodi kudyetsa kaloti kumatha bwanji kumera?

Kuti mizu ikhale yosangalatsa komanso yathanzi, nkofunika kuganizira za fetereza yabwino komanso yabwino.

Kuwonjezera pa kusankhidwa kwa feteleza, muyenera kudziwa momwe mungawagwiritsire ntchito kuti musamavulaze mbewu zakula, chifukwa osati kusowa kwa feteleza chabe, komanso kuchuluka kwao kungawononge zotsatirapo zoipa.

Zomwe mungathe kudyetsa chomera pa siteji ya kukula, ndipo tidzakambirana m'nkhani yathu. Komanso kuchokera m'malembawo, timaphunzira kuti ubwino ndi zowawa za kudyetsa masamba ndi chiyambi cha kukula ndi zomwe ziyenera kuchitika ngati ziphuphu sizikula bwino ndipo sizikula.

Madalitso ndi zowawa za kudyetsa masamba nthawi ya kukula koyambirira

Kudyetsa kaloti pambuyo pa kumera kuli ndi ubwino wambiri:

• Chomeracho chimalandira mphamvu zonse zofunika, zomwe zimakhudza kwambiri kukula kwake.
• Ntchito ya photosynthesis imakula bwino chifukwa cha kukula kwa mitengo, zomwe mosakayikira zidzathandiza mlimi.
• Mbewu yazuzu imatetezedwa odalirika ku tizirombo zosiyanasiyana.
• Zipatso zidzakhala zokoma ndi zowonjezereka, zomwe zidzawonjezera moyo wawo wa alumali.

Ngakhale kuti pali ubwino wambiri, pali vuto limodzi, limene muyenera kumvetsera, ndilolowerera mopitirira malire.

Ndikofunikira! Musagwiritse ntchito feteleza zachilengedwe. Lamulo "Zowonjezera - bwino" pa nkhaniyi ndi mdani wamkulu, mwinamwake, mmalo mwa zipatso zowutsa mudyo komanso zokongola, mudzakhala ndi mapepala opitirira.

Ndi liti pamene mukuyenera kumera masamba?

Kupaka kaloti kumafunikira pokhapokha maonekedwe a masamba angapo pamasamba, omwe osachepera atatu. Kuphatikiza pa mizu ya feteleza, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mafakitale a foliar pofuna kukula kwa zipatso zokoma.

Ndi nthawi zingati zomwe mungachite?

Pambuyo pa kutuluka kwa mbande, ndondomeko ya feteleza iyenera kubwerezedwa mobwerezabwereza. Malangizowa ndi ovomerezeka, koma chifukwa cha zotsatira zabwino, muyenera kutsatira ndondomeko zotsatirazi:

• Zowonjezera kudya pamene mukudzala kaloti.
• Iyo imamera.
• Pakatha masabata awiri kapena atatu mutayamba kuphulika.
• Kutentha mbewu masabata angapo musanakolole kuti mupereke karoti zipatso zokoma, juiciness ndi kuteteza izo kwa tizirombo.

Gwiritsani ntchito feteleza zokhazokha mopanda malire, mwinamwake mudzapeza zipatso zoipa komanso zopanda phindu.

Kodi manyowa ndi momwe mungachitire izo, ndondomeko ndi sitepe

Pamene feteleza feteleza ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito njira yowonjezera., ndiko, kugwiritsa ntchito zowonjezera komanso mchere. Kuti pakhale chitukuko choyenera cha mizu, m'pofunika kusankha mlingo woyenera ndikugwiritsira ntchito pulogalamu ya chakudya kuti chipatso chikhale ndi kukoma kokoma ndi maonekedwe okongola.

Potaziyamu

Potaziyamu ndi mankhwala omwe amapatsa karoti zipatso zokoma, ndipo amawateteza kuopseza matenda. Pofuna kubzala mochedwa (osati nthawi), mchere wa potaziyamu umagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti asatayike mbewu. Kudyetsa izi n'kofunikira pa magawo onse a kukula kwa zomera.

Kukonzekera kusakaniza kudzafunika:

• 60 magalamu a fetashi feteleza;
• Mpweya wa phosphorous 40;
• 50 magalamu a nayitrogeni.

Zotsatira zake ndi 150 magalamu a fetereza pa 1 mita.²zomwe ziyenera kuchepetsedwa ndi madzi ambiri (mu madzi okwanira kapena chidebe) ndi kuthirira mbewu mutatha.

Asitrogeni

Mavitrogeni ndi ofunikira kukula kwa nsonga pamayambiriro a chitukuko. zomera. Manyowa a nayitrojeni ayenera kuchitidwa mosamala, popeza kuti kusowa kwawo kapena kupitirira malipiro owonjezera kungakhale zotsatira zosasinthika.

1. Pamene mavitrojeni ali osakwanika, masamba amafooka, amasanduka chikasu ndikufa.
2. Pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa pamakhala zowonongeka kwathunthu, mizu ya mbewu ya mbeu ndiyeno chipatso chimataya kukoma kwake ndipo chimachepa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuchepetsa masamulo.

Manyowa a nayitrogeni ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito motere:

• Poyamba kudyetsa pamalo otseguka, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito magalamu 150 pa 1 mita² Zosakaniza za nayitrogeni, potaziyamu ndi phosphorous. M'tsogolomu, ndi theka la mlingo woyenera. Chitsanzo cha kukonzekera kwachisakanizo ichi chiri mu ndime yapitayi.
• Mmalo mwawotchulidwa kale, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito magalamu 20 pa 1 mita² ammonium nitrate, yomwe ili ndi nayitrogeni kuposa zonse. Saltpeter iyenera kuchepetsedwa mu chidebe chachikulu cha madzi kapena kuthirira madzi ndikumwa madzi.
• Zakudya zotsatirazi zikuchitika mu masabata awiri. Muyenera kusakaniza supuni imodzi ya azofosca, supuni imodzi ya potassium sulphate ndi kuchepetsa kusakaniza mu malita 10 a madzi.

Ndikofunikira! Kuti mugwire bwino, muyenera kuchita ndondomeko ya nayitrogeni feteleza mutatha mvula kapena madzi okwanira ambiri.

Phosphate

Manyowa a phosphate ndi ofunikira kuti apereke kukoma kokoma ku chipatso ndikuwonjezera mapulitsi ake. mwa kulimbikitsa maziko ake. Kuti kukonzekera kwa kusakaniza kudzafuna 30-40 magalamu a phosphate pa 1 mita²Kuti apatulidwe mu chidebe chachikulu cha madzi. Zotsatira za feteleza ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito muzu wa mizu, ndiko kuti, madzi madzi.

Manganese ndi barium

Manganese ndi barium amathandiza zipatso kukhala zazikulu komanso zotchuka zokoma. Potaziyamu imakhala yofunika kwambiri kuti muzuwe, komanso potaziyamu permanganate (potassium permanganate) ndi ya potash. Kukonzekera kusakaniza kudzafunika:

• Supuni imodzi ya manganese;
• Supuni 1 barium;
• 10 malita a madzi.

Chomera choterechi chimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi yoyamba ya madzi.

Boron

Pogwiritsira ntchito feteleza feteleza, zipatso zimakula, zowutsa mudyo, zonunkhira, zathanzi ndi wokongola. Ngati tinyalanyaza kuvala boron, zotsatira zake, mungathe kupeza masamba olemetsa komanso ochepa. Kukonzekera kusakaniza kudzafunika:

• 1 lita imodzi ya madzi 45-50 madigiri Celsius;
• Supuni 1 boric acid.

Madzi otentha ndi boric acid ayenera kusakanizidwa bwino, ndi kuchepetsa vutoli mu ndowa yaikulu ya 10-lita imodzi. Imwani zomera ndi chisakanizo.

Kuwonjezera pa mankhwala othandiza, palinso mankhwala ochizira omwe sali othandizira.

Phulusa

Phulusa ndi feteleza yotsika mtengo, yomwe imapezeka pafupifupi nyumba iliyonse. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kugwa pokonzekera mabedi kuti mubzalidwe, ndipo kumapeto pamene mphukira yoyamba ikuwonekera. Malingana ndi ntchitoyi, phulusa imagwiritsidwa ntchito mosiyana:

• Musanabzala - 15 kg pa 100 mamita².
• Pambuyo maonekedwe a mphukira zoyamba - 200 magalamu pa 1 mita².
• Madzi okwanira - supuni 3 pa 10 malita a madzi oyera.

Mu mitundu iwiri yoyamba ya fetereza, phulusa liyenera kusakanizidwa ndi dothi lomwe latulutsidwa kale ndi kuthira madzi ambiri pamwamba.

Zojambula za mbalame

Udzu wa mbalame monga fetereza umagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka musanadzale kaloti., koma ngati akufunidwa, akhoza kudyetsa zomera zomwe zalimidwa kale. Pofuna kusakaniza osakaniza, sakanizani zinyalala ndi madzi pa chiŵerengero cha 1:10, pita kukaima tsiku, ndipo patatha nthawi, pendetsani madzi 1:10.

Sizingatheke kuthira nthaka ndi zitoko za mbalame mu mawonekedwe ake oyera, mwinamwake mitengo idzafa chifukwa cha kuuma kwake.

Burdock ndi Chamomile Broth

Pansi pa msuzi sikutanthauza ndondomeko yowiritsa, koma zimangoyamba kulowa mumadzi mumtundu waukulu wa burdock ndi chamomile musanayambe kuthirira. 1 chikho cha msuziwu umayenera kuchepetsedwa mu 10 malita a madzi. Kenaka, feteleza chifukwa cha kuthirira madzi.

Kodi muyenera kuchita chiyani ngati sichikula bwino ndipo sichikukula?

Malingana ndi zosiyanasiyana, kaloti imakula m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Nthawi zambiri, nthawiyi imatenga masiku 7-30. Ngati patatha masabata awiri ngakhale gawo lalikulu la mbewu silimadzuka, ndiye kuti ndiyenera kudandaula.

Zifukwa zomwe kaloti sangathe kuwuka:

• Mbeu zochepa;
• kutsetsereka kwakukulu;
• fetereza wosakwanira.

Pofuna kupewa chiopsezo cha mbeu yomwe siyimera, muyenera kukonzekera yankho. Ndikofunika kuthetsa penti ya boric acid m'madzi okwanira 1. Mu njirayi, mbewu za karoti zimanyowa musanabzala ndipo zimaphatikizapo osachepera masiku atatu. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito mfundoyi, sipangakhale mavuto ndi mphukira za kaloti.

Zosintha za kudya kosayenera

Mukamagwiritsa ntchito kuvala pamwamba musapitirire.mwinamwake zotsatira zingakhale zovuta. Izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka ku zinthu zomwe zimapangitsa chipatso kukhala chowawa komanso chosasangalatsa.

Ngati mutha kumwa mowa kwambiri, muyenera kuimitsa feteleza, ndikungokuthirani madzi okwanira kuti mubwezeretse mbewuyo. Ngati feterezayo ikugwiritsidwa ntchito molakwika, ndiye kuti imayenera kuchotsedwa mwamsanga pabedi ndikuwonjezera dothi loyera.

Ndikofunikira! Musayambe kubzala mbewuzo m'njira iliyonse kuti muthe kukonza vutoli. Kotero inu mukuwononga izo kwathunthu.

Karoti wokha wodzichepetsa muzu masamba, koma kuti ikhale yokongola, yowutsa mudyo komanso yokoma muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mineral ndi feteleza. Kawirikawiri, feteleza ndizowonjezeredwa pamabotom, ntchito ya foliar imagwiritsidwa ntchito mobwerezabwereza. Lamulo lalikulu la feteleza lovuta ndilo kukonza ndondomeko ya zakudya, komanso mlingo woyenera, womwe ungathandize chipatso kuti chikhale ndi thanzi labwino.