Plumeria: chisamaliro chanyumba ndi njira zolerera

Plumeria - maluwa ndi okongola kwambiri, otentha, okhala ndi inflorescence apadera. Mtengowo ndi wa mtundu wamitengo yotentha ya banja la Kutrov. Maluwa amatulutsa kununkhira kosangalatsa kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zipatso ndi jasmine, zonunkhira, zamaluwa ndi maluwa a m'chigwacho. Fungo lamphamvu kwambiri m'maola awo. Kutengera mitundu, maluwawo ndi a pinki, oyera, achikaso, ofiira kapena okutidwa ndi maluwa. Maluwa angapo, mpaka 10c kukula kwake, amawonekera pa phesi nthawi imodzi. Iliyonse imakhala ndi ma petals asanu, nthawi zambiri imakhala yolumikizika, koma imakhalanso ndi mawonekedwe a spatula, yopapatiza komanso yonse, imatha kukhala yopyapyala kapena yopindika. Tizilombo timathira fungo, koma, mwatsoka, lilibe timadzi tokoma.

Nkhani yamawonekedwe

Duwa lokongola kwambiri komanso lonunkhira bwino - maula amakula m'malo otentha. Maluwa amakula pamitengo, yodziwika ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Kutengera ndi mitundu, maula amatha kukhala oyera, achikaso kapena ofiira. Olima ena osadziwa zambiri amatha kusokoneza rhododendron ndi maula.

Plumeria

Maluwa anali otchuka zaka masauzande angapo zapitazo ku South America bara, kuchokera komwe amafalikira padziko lonse lapansi. Mitundu yakale inali yofunika kwambiri kwa iwo: amakongoletsa akachisi. Masiku ano, kudziko la maula, maluwa amakongoletsa tsitsi la akazi. Komanso, malo omwe zokongoletsera zokhalirazi zikuwonetsera banja la Tropicans. Ngati duwa lili kumbali yakumanja, ndiye kuti mtsikanayo akufuna mnzake wamzimu. Amayi okwatirana amavala ma plamu kumanzere.

Ku Europe, mbewu iyi idawoneka m'zaka za zana la 17; idadziwika ndi dzina la botanist wa ku France, Charles Plumer.

Mitundu wamba

Banjali lili ndi mitundu isanu ndi itatu yamitengo yobiriwira. Zina mwa izo zimatha kutalika mamita eyiti. Mitengo imakula msanga, chifukwa chomwe amagwirira ntchito ndi kuzindikira nthaka ndi nyengo. Nthambi zowongoka zophimbidwa ndi masamba owala achikopa ndi masango a inflorescence okongola. Mu inflorescence imodzi, kuchuluka kwa maluwa kumatha kufikira mazana.

Mitundu yambiri yamitundu yambiri imaberekera chifukwa cha maula ofiira, otchuka pakati pawo:

1. Mardi Gras. Mtengo wokhala ndi tsamba lalikulu la tsamba. Ili ndi thunthu loonda. Mphukira zimaphukira chikasu chowoneka bwino, nkusintha kukhala mtundu wa pinki ndi wofiirira. Amapereka fungo labwino.
2. Ngale Pinki Chomera chabwino chomwe chimatha kutulutsa maluwa okongola a pinki kapena rasipiberi. Ziphuphu ndizazungulira, ovoid. Ali ndi utoto wosangalatsa kuchokera ku lalanje kupita ku lalanje.
3. Tricolor. Mtengo wotsika wokhala ndi maluwa onunkhira omwe ndi okulirapo poyerekeza ndi mitundu ina. Mitundu ya masamba amtunduwu imakhala ndi mtundu woyambira kuchokera kumapeto kwenikweni kwa pinki kupita pachizungu ndi malo achikasu.
4. Lutea. Mtengowu umakhala ndi maluwa okongola a chikasu, nthawi zina mutha kupeza maluwa omwe ali ndi maluwa achikuda kumapeto kwake ndi kumera koyera kumapeto.
5. Chupa Chups. Kufalitsa chomera. Pakhoza kukhala ndi mitundu iwiri: shrub kapena sapling. Maluwa a maluwa ndi owongoka bwino, okhala ndi utoto wofiirira, pakati pawo mutha kuwona kuwonekera kwa mzere wowoneka bwino wa rasipiberi.

Maluwa oyambirira a ma plumeria amawonekera mu Marichi, akupitilira maluwa mpaka Seputembala, nthawi zina mpaka Okutobala. Kuphatikiza pa kukongola kwake kodabwitsa, ma plumeria adadziwika chifukwa cha fungo lake labwino. Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti fungo limatha kusintha chifukwa cha chilengedwe. Kununkhira koteroko ndikolimba kwambiri kotero kuti kumakopa tizilombo tosiyanasiyana.

Plumeria wofiira

Mitundu yonse yomwe idalipo idawomberedwa kutengera milomo ya Frangipani:

• White plumeria - mtundu wokhala ndi maluwa akuluakulu komanso fungo lowala;
• Ma plumberia osayankhula ndi mtundu wosowa ku Russia; umapezeka kwambiri ku China ndi America. Pambuyo maluwa, imapanga zipatso zosayenera kudya.
• Ma Plumeri ndi ofiira - pamtundu wa mitundu iyi mitundu yambiri idapangidwa, maluwa ali ndi mitundu yambiri.

Kusamalira Panyumba

Masamba ndi amtundu wobiriwira wobiriwira, koma palinso lanceolate (ofanana kwambiri ndi masamba a ficus). Tsinde limakhala ndi utoto wonyezimira, nthawi zambiri lopanda, masamba okha pamwamba. Maluwa amagwera nthawi yotentha. Pambuyo maluwa, nyemba zosankhwima ndi nthangala zofiirira zimapangidwa.

Kusamalira Plumeria

Kukongola kotentha kumakonda kwambiri olima maluwa ndipo tsopano amakongoletsa mawindo m'nyumba zambiri. Plumeria imakula osati m'malo otentha okha - chifukwa cha kusachita bwino kwawo, imakondweretsa dziko lonse lapansi ndi kukongola kwake kopanda tanthauzo.

Kuthirira

Dziko la Frangipani ndi la nkhalango yamvula (malo okhala ndi malo achinyontho kwambiri chifukwa chamvula yambiri). Izi siziyenera kuyiwalika pakukula chikhalidwe cha nyumba. Kuthirira ndikofunikira pafupipafupi komanso kachulukidwe, ndizotheka kugwiritsa ntchito madzi otentha kuti zitheke. Kuchokera pamadzi otentha kwambiri (mwachindunji kuchokera pampopi) Frangipani amatha kufa. Payenera kukhala mabowo okumba pansi pa mphalawo, ndipo ngalulu amaikapo. Pansi pa thankiyo pali pallet. Idzatunga madzi ochulukirapo, omwe amafunika kuti akokedwe. Izi zitha kupewa acidization wapadziko lapansi ndi kukula kwa putrefactive tizilombo. Kuthirira kumachitika mutangomaliza kumera, kuchokera pachilala chamaluwa mumatha kuwona masamba akugwa.

Chinyezi

Ndikofunikira kupopera chipinda chomwe duwa limakhala kangapo pamlungu.

Kutentha

Mtengowo umamverera "kunyumba" kutentha kwa firiji, mutha kuwonjezera kutentha kwa 28 ° C, osakwezeka. Kutentha kwanyengo kukabwera, kumafunikira zowonjezera zina, mutha kuzichotsa kwathunthu pazenera.

Kuwala

Frangipani amafunikira kuwala kosiyanitsidwa kambiri, chifukwa chake muyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti kuwala kwamphamvu kwa dzuwa sikugwire masamba. Ngati dzuwa silokwanira, ma plumeria ayamba kutambalala ndikuwala. Muyenera kuyika mbewuyo kum'mawa kapena kumadzulo kwawindo ndikuwunikira kokwanira popanda kuwala kwatsiku.

Mavalidwe apamwamba

Chapakatikati, maluwa asanakhazikike, amapatsidwa michere yachilengedwe ya michere yokongoletsera yabwino. Ma inflorescence amawonekera, amasinthana ndi feteleza wamaluwa. Musaiwale kuti mukufunika kuthira feteleza kawiri pamwezi komanso mosamalitsa kuchuluka komwe kukusonyeza pa phukusi.

Kudulira

Kudulira chomera kumafunikira kangapo: zikafunika kupanga korona, komanso ngati mtengo wachikulire ukufunanso kukonzanso. Nthawi yabwino kwambiri ya ndondomekoyo ndi koyambirira kwa masika. Chisanu chikangosungunuka ndi mpeni wakuthwa kumunda kapena secateurs, kudulira nthambi kumachitika. M'mbuyomu, chidacho chiyenera kuthandizidwa ndi vutoli kuti musadzavulaze pachikhalidwe ndi matenda oyamba ndi fungus.

Impso zigona mutadulira

Thirani mbewu

Kubzala ang'onoang'ono kumafuna kusintha kwa gawo lapansi, motero amafunika kuisinthanso chaka chilichonse. Zomera zazikuluzitha kuziika kamodzi pazaka zingapo. Kuika kuyenera kuchitika m'chaka, inali nthawi iyi kuti mitengo imatha kusintha bwino ndikuchira mwachangu. Kuti ndikwaniritse, ndikofunikira kutenga chidebe chatsopano, chomwe chidzakhala chachikulu 2-3 masentimita kuposa chakale.

Gawo laling'ono la ma plamu litha kugulidwa ku malo ogulitsira, litha kupangidwa mwaokha, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuwona kuchuluka kwake.

Kufotokozera kapangidwe ka dothi:

• mchenga (gawo 1);
• peat (gawo 1);
• humus (1 gawo);
• turf land (2 magawo).

Phula limayikidwa pansi pa mphika, dothi limathiridwa kale pamwamba pake. Chomera chimabzalidwa, ndipo mizu yake imakutidwa ndi zotsalira zapadziko lapansi.

Njira zolerera

Kwenikweni, ma plumeria amafalitsidwa kunyumba misala iwiri: mbewu ndi kudula. Ndiwosavuta ndipo nthawi zonse amapereka zotsatira zabwino.

Mbewu

Kubzala mbewu zamkati wamaluwa kumachitika mchaka. Kumayambiriro kwa Marichi, chidebe ndi dothi zakonzedwa kuti zibzale mbewu. Onetsetsani kuti mumamwa mankhwala ophera tizilombo. Kuti tithe kufalitsa mbewu zochulukirapo panyumba, ndikofunikira kutenga miphika, yomwe m'mimba mwake imakhala yosachepera 6. cm.

Zomwe nthaka zimasakaniza:

• peat;
• perlite;
• mchenga.

Zigawo zonse zimatengedwa m'malo amodzi.

Pambuyo pofesa mbewu, nthaka imakhetsedwa ndikumwaza, kenako filimu imatambasulidwa pamiphika. Chombocho chimayikidwa m'chipinda chofunda, mpaka mphukira yoyamba iwonekera (adzawonekera m'masiku 10-15). Mugawo la timapepala ta 3-4, kubzala kumatidwa, mbewu zonse zimabzalidwa mumiphika yosiyana.

Kudula

Zidula zofalitsa zimatha kukolola nthawi iliyonse pachaka. Izi zimachitika nthawi zambiri kukonzanso kumatha. Kudula nthambi ndizinthu zabwino kwambiri pofalitsa. Phesi lililonse liyenera kukhala 20 mpaka 25 cm. Pamaso kubzala, zodulidwa zimachotsedwa mu zodulidwa, zimayikidwa pamalo otentha, owuma. Pamenepo pobzala zinthu zobzalidwa pansi m'nthaka yovuta kwambiri. Pakatha milungu iwiri, masamba ayamba kupanga zipatso zamtsogolo - ichi ndichizindikiro kuti mitengo yobzala yayamba kuzika mizu. Pakubzala maula, kusamalira kunyumba kuyenera kuchitidwa motere:

• cheke ndi kuthirira;
• kupopera ndi kusunga chinyezi;
• kutsatira mkhalidwe wa mbande.

Kufalikira kwa maula mwa kudula

Maluwa a Plumeria amasiyana mtundu ndi mawonekedwe. Ziphuphu zimatha kutalikirana kwambiri kapena kukanikizidwa mwamphamvu. Kusamalira maluwa a ma petal a ma petal asanu ndi kosavuta - ngati mungaganizire zonse zomwe mukuwongolera ndikusamalira moyenera, mutha kumera chomera chokongola mosavuta. Malangizo a pang'onopang'ono onena za kuswana amakulolani kubala nokha chikhalidwechi m'nyumba.