Maluwa akunyumba amakhala ngati chokongoletsera nyumba ndipo amasangalatsa diso ndi mitundu yonse yazithunzi ndi mitundu. Alocasia, kuberekanso komwe kunyumba kumapezeka kwa aliyense wophukira, kumakhala ndi othandizira ambiri. Chomera chodabwitsachi chimakhala chobiriwira nthawi zonse ndipo nthawi zambiri chimataya masamba.
Maonekedwe ndi zomasulira
Chomera cha banja la Aroid, chamuyaya komanso udzu. Masamba ali ndi mawonekedwe amtundu kuchokera wobiriwira wobiriwira kupita kumdima wokhala ndi mitsempha yowala. Chiyambitsireni mvula tasiya chizindikiro, chifukwa mbewuyo ili ndi magawo otsatirawa:
Maonekedwe a Alocasia
- kutalika kumayambira 0.4 mpaka 2 m;
- phesi ndi lolemera, labedi ndipo nthawi zina limakhala ngati mtengo;
- akamadula, mbewuyo imatulutsa madzi otsekemera;
- zipatso za alocasia ndi zipatso zomwe zimakhala ndi ellipsoidal kapena hemispherical mawonekedwe;
- masamba a mitundu yosiyanasiyana, chiwerengero chawo chimachokera ku chimodzi mpaka zidutswa zingapo;
- Mawonekedwe amasamba amatha kukhala osiyana: amasenda, owoneka pamtima kapena chithokomiro.
Maluwa mothandizidwa ndi masamba a masamba amatulutsa chinyezi chambiri, chomwe sichingatenge. Ndi kuthirira kwambiri kapena chinyezi chachikulu, "amalira", kuphatikiza chinyezi.
Mitundu wamba
Alocasia Amazonica yosasinthidwa ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yosanja mitundu iwiri: Low ndi Sander.
Duwa la Amazonia
Pogulitsa maluwa oterowo, nthawi zambiri amatchedwa Sandera. Amasokonezeka chifukwa chofanana ndi mawonekedwe. Amazonia alocasia ndi wosakanizidwa, zomwe zikutanthauza mbewu yosiyana kotheratu. Mutha kusiyanitsa ndi izi:
- tsamba limayenda bwino;
- mitsempha yoyera pafupi ndi pepala lakuda, lozama ngati zopindika kapena ming'alu yaying'ono.
Amazonica nthawi zambiri imamasula ndipo imakhala ndi fungo loopsa. Zitsanzo zapakhomo zilibe zipatso.
Mtundu wautali wa banja lino ndi Alocásia Polly. Shrub mpaka 0.5 m wamtali ndi tsinde lakuda. Mizu yake yacikulu ndi yayikulu. Amasiyana ndi mitundu ina pamitundu iyi:
- masamba akuda, ooneka ngati mtima, mafunde achitsulo, mpaka 40 cm;
- mitsempha yamaluwa ndi beige kapena wobiriwira wotumbululuka;
- maluwa okhazikika.
Pamphepete mwa tsamba lililonse la kamwa kuti mutulutse chinyezi - ma hydrators. Alocasia Polly posamalira pakhomo safuna miphika yayikulu komanso malo ambiri okonzera.
Zambiri. Alocasia ya Sander, monga mitundu yomwe Polly amachokera, idagona m'malo obiriwira. Mtundu wa Alocásia Polly wosakanizidwa umapangidwa makamaka kuti ugwiritse ntchito mkati.
Kuchiritsa katundu
Mwa mitundu 70 ya chomera chotenthachi, awiri okha ndi omwe amapatsidwa mankhwala:
- Alocasia macrorrhizos (lalikulu-rhizome, lotchuka ku Indian Arum), lomwe mizu yofinya imatha kusokonezedwa ndi mizu ya ginseng, masamba owoneka bwino obiriwira okhala ndi masamba opaka zipatso opikirira mpaka mita;
- Alocasia odora (onunkhira) - masamba ofanana ndi zishango, kutalika kwake pamitengo, mpaka 2-2,5 m.
Mitundu iwiriyi ndiyosavuta kusokoneza. Kusiyanitsa pakati pa alocasia onunkhira ndikuti imakhala ndi stolons - mbali zowombera zomwe zimafa msanga. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pobereka. Pa stolons ndi underdeveloped masamba ndi axillary masamba. Zachikulu-mizu ya alocasia ilibe mphukira zotere.
Alocasia ndi chomera chomwe chimagwiridwa ndi tincture wa alocasia.
Zofunika! Zomera zonse za banja ili ndi poizoni. Simungathe kukhudza masamba, kukung'amba ndi kupukusa m'manja mwanu, kulola kuti msuzi ugwane ndi khungu. Mizu ya Alocasia macrorrhizos nthawi zambiri imadutsa ngati mizu ya ginseng. Tsitsi lotere la ginseng litatengedwa pakamwa limatha kupha.
Unyinji wosakhazikika wa mbewuzi umatulutsa mpweya mnyumba, umamwa mpweya woopsa wa formaldehyde, phenol ndi ena onga iwo. Kuphatikiza apo, kosakhazikika, komwe ndi gawo la tsamba, kumakhudza ma staphylococci, ma virus a fuluwenza. Amapha Escherichia coli ndi streptococci.
Izi zitha kutchulidwanso ndi katundu wochiritsa.
Ntchito ya tincture
Kulowetsa mowa kwa masamba a petioles ndi masamba kungagwiritsidwe ntchito kwina kusisita kapena kupondaponda. Pali malingaliro omwe angathe:
- thandizirani kutupa ndi kutupa;
- akuyamba ntchito yokonza minofu;
- amachepetsa kupweteka.
Tincture wa Alocasia amakonzedwa pogaya mbewuzo mu zoumba zoumba. Zida zachitsulo sizigwiritsa ntchito. Kuwerengera kwa gruel ndi mowa ndi 1: 1. Njira yotsalazo idasungidwa mumdima kwa masiku 21.
Yang'anani! Kuyamwa ndikudontha, kuchuluka kwake komwe kumatsimikiziridwa ndi dokotala yemwe amadziwa kumwa. Popeza mtundu uwu wa mbewu suwoneka ngati mankhwala, ndipo msuziyo umakhala ndi mankhwala enaake a chloride ndi cyanide, mankhwalawo ndiwosazindikira.
Mawonekedwe a chisamaliro chakunyumba
Kusamalira nyumba ya Alocasia kumaphatikizapo kusamalira mikhalidwe:
- kutentha;
- nthaka ndi mpweya chinyezi;
- miyezo yowunikira;
- kuvala kwapamwamba komanso dothi labwino.
Kupanga nyengo pafupi ndi nyengo zachilengedwe kuti zikule ndiye chidwi chachikulu cha wophunzayo.
Kutentha
Kutentha kwa alocasia:
- kasupe ndi chilimwe - 23-25 0С;
- chisanu - 18-20 0С.
Monga maluwa onse amkati, kukhudzana ndi zolemba sikungovomerezeka.
Kuwala
Kuwala kwabwino kwambiri kopitilira muyeso ndi kubereka ndi kuwala komwe kumabalalika. Kuwala kwamadzulo sikuloledwa. Kukhazikitsidwa kwa miphika ya maluwa pazenera la sill kum'mwera kumafunikira kupindika.
Zambiri. Mitundu ya masamba obiriwira imatha kusungidwa m'mitundu iwiri komanso yowala. Maluwa okhala ndi masamba opindika kwambiri amafunikira kuwunikira, amatha kutaya utoto.
Kuthirira
M'miyezi yotentha, kuthirira tsiku ndi tsiku. Mu nthawi yophukira - kamodzi pakapita masiku awiri kapena atatu. M'nyengo yozizira - tsiku litatha kuyanika kwapamwamba. Ngati madzi ochepa apezeka poto wa mphikawo, amachotsamo.
Kuwaza
Kuwaza masamba ndi madzi ofunda pogwiritsa ntchito kutsitsi kumachitika tsiku ndi tsiku. Masiku atatu aliwonse, ndikofunikira kupukuta pansi pamasamba ndi chinkhupule chonyowa kapena CHIKWANGWANI.
Chinyezi
Kutsitsa kwa mlengalenga kumatsimikizika pakukonza makapu akulu amtunda pakati pa mitundu. Madzi, kutuluka, amapatsa kuchuluka kofunikira chinyezi.
Dothi
Pazipinda zamkati gwiritsani ntchito magawo apansi a asidi (5.5-6.5) kuchokera kusitolo. Thanzi la mizu idzaperekedwa ndi michere yowonjezera ndi makala. Perekani zokonda pamalingaliro apadziko lonse kutengera ndi peat (pamwamba). Malo wamba sangachite.
Mavalidwe apamwamba
Feteleza ndibwino kutenga zovuta ndi kuchuluka kwa nayitrogeni pazokongoletsa komanso zipatso zabwino. Zakudya zoperewera zimafunika kangapo pamwezi.
M'nyengo yozizira
Chisamaliro cha Alocasia m'nyengo yozizira ndikusunga kutentha komwe kukufunidwa ndi kuwala. Pulumutsani dontho lakuthwa pofunda zipinda. Kumwaza kumachitika kamodzi pa sabata.
Kudulira
Kuchita uku kumachitika ndi magolovesi okhala ndi ma clipper akuthwa kapena mpeni, nthawi zonse chida choyera. Masamba owuma amachotsedwa. Green - kokha ngati njira yomaliza.
Momwe mbewu imafalira
Ogulitsa maluwa amagawana zinthu zobzala ndi kukhala ndi maluwa atsopano. Njira zazikulu za kubereka zimaphatikizapo zosankha izi:
- kudula;
- ndi mbewu;
- kugawanika kwa mizu kapena stolons (ofananira nawo mphukira).
Zambiri. Mitundu yamitundu yosiyanasiyana siimatulutsa njere. Kusiyanitsa mitundu pa kubereka kotereku sikumapititsidwa.
Kumera kwa mbeu
Kuti kumere mutenge makatoni a mbewu ndi nthaka yabwino. Mbewu zimabzalidwa mutakolola. Makasetiwo amadzaza ndi dothi, njere zimayikidwa m'maselo ndikumizidwa ndikuzama kwa phalanx imodzi. Kenako dothi loonda limayikidwa pamwamba ndikuwanyowa. Katoni imakhala yolimba ndi filimu (yamtundu wobiriwira) kapena yokutidwa ndi pepala lagalasi. Chinyezi cha dothi chimasungidwa ndikuwonjezera kuwunikira kosalekeza. Kumera pa kutentha kwa + 22 ... + 25 ° C.
Tsegulani makhaseti pambuyo pakuwonekera kwa mphukira. Masamba awiri awonekera pa mphukira, amawokedwa mumiphika ndi mainchesi ofunda mpaka 10. Kupitilira kwina kumachitika pamene mizu imadzaza chidebe.
Mizu yodula
Tsamba limadulidwa pamtunda wa 45 °, kusiya chidutswa ndi zamkati mwa thunthu. Imani kwa maola 2-3, kukonkha gawo ndi phulusa. Pambuyo pake, phesi limatsitsidwa ku Kornevin (wogulitsidwa m'masitolo) kwa maola 2 ndikubzala mu chidebe. Mphika umadzazidwa ndi dothi labwino. Pakakhala zizindikiro zakukhazikika kwa masamba atsopano, zikutanthauza kuti mizu ya tsinde idachitika.
Thirani
Mutasanthula momwe alocasia imafalira, muyenera kuphunzira momwe mungazisulire bwino. Izi zimachitika mchaka. Mphukira zachinyamata zimagulidwa chaka chilichonse, okhwima - 1 nthawi 3 zaka.
Mwa izi, njira yodutsa imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Chomeracho chimachotsedwa mumphika wakale, limodzi ndi nthaka yoyikika kwambiri (wina kukula), ndikudzaza malo opanda kanthu ndi dothi latsopano.
Mavuto omwe angakhalepo pakukula
Alocasia ilibe matenda ocheperako kuposa maluwa ena. Masamba amatha kulembetsa izi.
Masamba amasanduka achikasu
Kodi kuchitira ngati tsamba latembenukira chikasu? Masamba amatha kusintha mtundu pazifukwa zotsatirazi:
- kuvunda m'mphepete - madzi osawoneka bwino;
- tsamba lonse lasintha - kusowa kwa zakudya kapena chizindikiro cha kukalamba.
Masamba akale amadulidwa atayanika.
Malangizo amawuma pamasamba
Ichi ndi chizindikiro cha matenda a necrosis. Kukonzekera, kuphwanya lamulo la kutentha, kusunthika kwa chinyezi mumphika kumabweretsa vuto lotere.
Masamba otsika amagwa
Izi zimachitika maluwa atakhala mumphika kwambiri, pamakhala kusowa kwa michere, kapena tizirombo taoneka.
Tizilombo
Alocasia ili ndi mdani wamkulu - nthata ya kangaude. Yosaoneka ndi diso losavuta, imayala mphutsi pansi pa tsamba. Ma spiderwebs oyera ndi madontho ofiira ndi zizindikiro zotsimikizirika za tizilombo.
Kusamalira mbewu moyenera, kuwongolera tizilombo kumathandiza alocasia kutenga malo ake oyenera m'nyumba. Mukazisamalira, mbewuyo imaphuka osati kungokongoletsa zamkati, komanso kupanga mawonekedwe abwino m'chipindacho.
