Philodendron - chisamaliro chakunyumba, mitundu yokhala ndi zithunzi ndi mayina

Philodendron ndi mbewu yobiriwira, yobiriwira m'banja la Aroid. Kwawo kwa philodendron ndi malo otentha aku South America. Mu nyengo yathu, philodendron amagwiritsidwa ntchito popangira zokongoletsera ndipo amakula mnyumba, nyumba zaofesi ndi nyumba zosungira.

Gawo la chomera limatha kukhala ngati mpesa kapena shrub. Ndi zaka, tsinde la mitundu ina limakhala lore ndipo limatha kukula popanda kuthandizidwa. M'malo a internodes pali mizere ingapo yamlengalenga yomwe imathandizira kupatsa thanzi ndikuthandizira ku thandizo. Dongosolo la chikuku ndi lopindika, lomwe limapangidwa modabwitsa. Maonekedwe ndi masamba amasiyana kwambiri kutengera mitundu.

Zothandiza zimatha philodendron

Imaphatikizidwa mndandanda wazomera zomwe zimakhudza bwino kwambiri microclimate mu malo okhala ndi mafakitala. Zinthu zofunikira za philodendron zimathandizira kuyeretsa mpweya kuchokera ku formaldehydes ndi zinthu zina zovulaza, zomwe zimakhala ndi phytoncidal.

Zomera zam'madzi zimathandizira kugunda kwa mtima, kuthamanga kwa magazi, kusintha kusintha kwa mitsempha, kuwonjezera mphamvu komanso chitetezo chokwanira.

Kusamalira philodendron kunyumba. Mwachidule

Kusamalira philodendron kunyumba. Mwatsatanetsatane

Maluwa a philodendron

Sikuti mitundu yonse ya maluwa a philodendron pachimake ngakhale yabwino m'nyumba, nthawi zambiri izi zimachitika mu greenhouse. Chomera chimatha kupereka kuchokera ku 1 mpaka 11 inflorescence. Duwa limodzi la philodendron panyumba silitha kubereka; Inflorescence ndi cob yothandizidwa ndi pedicel yaifupi, yokongoletsedwa ndi kirimu kapena pang'ono pang'ono.

Maluwa a Philodendron alibe mtengo wapadera wokongoletsa. Ziwalo zoberekera zimapangidwa motere: pamwamba - wamwamuna, pakati - maluwa osabala, pansipa - chachikazi. Popeza ntchito zamaluwa opambana mu inflorescence sizigwirizana pakapita nthawi, umuna umafunika kupukutidwa ndi maluwa amphongo a inflorescence ina yomwe yatulutsa nthawi yoyenera.

Pukuvota, nkhungu ikugwada ndikuchokera pansi pa bulangeti, kenako nkubwerera momwe idalili kale ndipo imakutidwa ndi chikuto. Kupangika ndi kucha kwa mwana wosabadwa (mabulosi abereka) kumatha pafupifupi chaka. Mbewu ndizochepa kwambiri ndipo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri pofuna kubereka.

Njira yotentha

Ngakhale idakhala yotentha, philodendron Amamva bwino pakatentha kotentha, kuyambira +20 mpaka + 25 ° C. Kutentha kwambiri kungakhudze kwambiri masamba ndi mawonekedwe a mbewu.

M'nyengo yozizira, kutentha kwa mlengalenga kumatsitsidwa ndi madigiri 2-3, koma osatsika kuposa + 15 ° C, kuti musafooketse njira zowonongeka. Mitundu yokhayo imatha kusintha kutentha kwa + 12-13 ° C, kusiya kukula ndi kukula.

Kuwaza

Ngakhale sachita zinthu zambiri, philodendron imafunikira chisamaliro chanyumba, kuonetsetsa kuti chinyezi chimakhala chokwanira (pafupifupi 70%) komanso kutentha. Njira zachikhalidwe zimathandizira kuwonjezera chinyezi: kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kuchokera ku botolo lopopera, zonyowetsera zamagetsi, kuyika zotengera m'madzi kapena gawo lonyowa pafupi ndi chomera. Osasunga mphikawo pafupi ndi sto ndi radiators.

Ndi bwino 1-2 pa sabata kuti utsi tsamba philodendron ndi kutsitsi labwino kapena kupukuta ndi nsalu yonyowa. M'mafumbi, masamba owuma, kusinthana ndi mpweya kumakhala kolemala kwambiri, motero kusamba kosangalatsa ndikofunikira.

Kuwala

Mitundu ina ya philodendron imatha kudzalidwa ngakhale pansi pa kuwala komanso mwauwisi pang'ono, koma kuti mukhale ndi thanzi, masamba akuluakulu, mumafunikira zipinda popanda kuyatsa nthawi yayitali. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imafunikira dzuwa.

Kuthirira

Chomera chokonda chinyezi chimafunika kusamalira nthaka nthawi zonse ponyowa, koma osasefukira ndi kusayenda kwamadzi. Kuthirira philodendron kumachitika ndi madzi okhazikika pamtunda wofunda ngati nthaka ikuluma.

Kumwaza ndi kuthirira sikumachitika pa kutentha kochepa komanso kuzizira, madzi olimba.

Philodendron Pot

Kuchuluka kwa chidebe kuyenera kukhala kuti mizu yake imapezeka momasuka ndipo osapinda. Kukula kwake pa kumuika uliwonse kumawonjezeka ndi 15-20%. Ngati duwa la maluwa lisankhidwa bwino, mphika ungakhale wa pulasitiki komanso wa ceramic.

Dothi la philodendron

Dothi lamadzimadzi limathiridwa pansi pa thankiyo yobzala, kenako ndikupanga chonde, kumasuka, ndikuthana ndi dothi labwino, ndikusaloledwa kapena pang'ono acidic. Ndikofunika kugula gawo lomalizira, koma mutha kukonzekera osakaniza nokha:

• Magawo awiri a peat;
• 2 magawo a dziko la turf;
• Gawo 1 humus;
• 1/2 gawo la mchenga wamtsinje.

Kupititsa patsogolo kagayidwe kamadzi, khungwa pang'ono, mbewa kapena makala zimawonjezeredwa.

Feteleza ndi feteleza

Munthawi ya kasupe ndi nthawi yachilimwe, kudyetsa philodendron kumachitika kawiri pa mwezi ndi feteleza wovuta kwambiri wamaluwa ovomerezeka mogwirizana ndi malangizo a wopanga. Ngati mbewuyo ili ndi maonekedwe abwino komanso yowala kwambiri, kutsitsidwako kumachepetsedwa pofuna kupewa kupitilira.

Mutha kupitiliza kukonza zakudya ndikuwonjezera nthaka yachonde mumphika osathilira mbewu.

Kupatsira Philodendron

Philodendron yosatha kunyumba ikukula kwambiri, kuwonjezera pachaka mpaka 60cm mu mlengalenga. Kuphatikiza apo, mizu imayamba, yomwe imadzaza kwathunthu kuchuluka kwa mphika.

Kukula kwabwinoko komanso kukula Zomera zazikulu amazika kamodzi pachaka 2-3, zazing'ono - zikamakula. Chizindikiro chogwira ntchito chitha kukhala mkhalidwe wake. Nthawi yabwino yonyamula ndi February - Marichi.

Kudulira

Kuti apange wandiweyani, chitsamba chanthete chomwe mukufuna, kudulira kumachitika. Pofuna kuvulaza mbewu, malamulo ena ayenera kusungidwa:

• kudulira kumachitika kumayambiriro kwa kasupe ndi mpeni wakuthwa-kachilombo;
• ikani odulidwa owazidwa ndi malasha osweka;
• tsinde limadulidwa kutalika kosachepera 40 cm m'deralo pakati pa malo;
• wathanzi mizu osavomerezeka.

Kudulira masamba owuma ndi mizu ya a philodendron, komanso mbali zovulala, kumachitika momwe zimadziwika.

Nthawi yopumula

Kubwezeretsa kwachilengedwe kumachitika kawiri kawiri mu Disembala, ngakhale philodendron ilibe nthawi yopumula. Mu nthawi yophukira, kuchuluka kwa kuthirira ndi mavalidwe apamwamba kumachepetsedwa, ndipo kuyambira Disembala mpaka zaka khumi zomaliza za Januware, samadyetsa konse.

Kukula kwa philodendron kuchokera ku mbewu

Iyi ndi njira yayitali, popeza kumapeto kwa chaka choyamba kuchokera masamba ang'onoang'ono pomwe masamba oyamba owoneka:

• Mbewu zofesedwa kawirikawiri momwe zingathere mu lotayirira, lonyowa nthaka yakuya kwa 0,5 cm.
• Chotetezacho chimakutidwa ndi filimu yowoneka bwino kapena galasi ndikusunthidwa kumalo owala, otentha.
• Mbande zisanachitike, yambitsani mbewu zanu tsiku ndi tsiku ndikuwunika chinyezi.
• Kuwombera kumawonekera masabata a 6-8.
• Mbewu zachikale zobzalidwa mumiphika yosiyana.

Kubwezeretsa kwa Philodendron

Njira yosavuta komanso yachangu kwambiri yofotokozera maluwa ndi ziwalo zamasamba:

Kufalikira ndi kudula

Zodulidwa zimadulidwa kuchokera pamwamba pa philodendron tsinde, mphukira zamtsogolo kapena tsinde lalikulu, ndikusiya ma internodes awiri. Wowokedwa mumiphika yaying'ono, wokhazikika m'maso kwa maola 10-12 mu yankho la zolimbikitsa za mapangidwe a mizu (Epin). Kuwaza ndi dothi lonyowa lomwe limakhala masentimita 1.0-1.5 ndikugwiritsa ntchito thumba lowonekera kukonzekera wowonjezera kutentha. Kukula kwake kumasungidwa pamalo owala, otentha kwa masabata a 3-4, kuthirira ndi kupumira. Zidutswazo zikayamba kukula, zimaziika mumiphika yophika.

Mpaka mizu ikapangidwa, zodulidwa zimatha kusungidwa m'madzi, koma pali ngozi yakuwola kwawo.

Kufalitsa mwa kuyala

Ma infode akuwombera adasindikizidwa m'malo angapo ndi ma Stud ku nthaka yonyowa yatsopano ndikusamaliridwa kwa miyezi iwiri. Pambuyo pozika mizu, mphukira imadulidwa kukhala zidutswa ndikuzibzala m'miphika yosiyana.

Matenda ndi Tizilombo

Philodendron imasiya kukula ngati dothi lolemera kwambiri lophatikizidwa, kuchepa, kusayenda kwamadzi nthawi zambiri kumapangika, kuthirira kumachitika ndi madzi olimba, ndipo kutentha kwa chipinda kumakhala kotsika. Mavuto awa ndi ena omwe akutulukawo amawonekera nthawi yomweyo mumtengowo:

• Masamba a Philodendron amatembenukira chikasu ndi chinyezi chambiri komanso kuperewera kwa m'thupi. Kupaka masamba otsika kokha ndi njira yachilengedwe yakukalamba.
• Pamwamba pa philodendron ndiung'ono komanso wotumbululuka. ndi kupanda magetsi.
• Dontho pa nsonga za masamba Amakhala chisonyezo chakuya chambiri mchipindacho, amachotsa madzi ochuluka, koma sichizindikiro.
• Masamba otsika a philodendron amagwa, ndipo kumtunda kumakhala kochepa m'mawonekedwe otsika. Ngati zingafunike kusanduka zofiirira, izi ndizotheka kwambiri kutentha.
• Malangizo a masamba ophimbidwa ndi mawanga bulauni. chifukwa cha hypothermia ndikuwonjezera chinyezi.

• Phesi ya philodendron rots ndi matenda owola, omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kutentha pang'ono kwa mpweya komanso kuthirira kwambiri.
• Philodendron amachoka ndikusowa kwa michere ya mchere, kuwala. Kugundika kumathanso kuoneka nthawi yayitali dzuwa.

• Madontho a bulauni pamasamba - Izi nthawi zambiri dzuwa.
• Masamba a philodendron adazula pakakhala kusowa chinyezi.

Tizilombo zazikulu:

• Ma nsabwe. Zambiri zake zimakhazikika pamtengowo ndipo zimadya chakudya. Zotsatira zake, mbewu imasiya kukula.
• Zosintha. Masamba ndi timitengo timakutidwa ndi ma tubleon a bulauni, omwe amatha kusinthika.
• Zopatsa. Makungu a tizilomboti amaphimba masamba ndi zokutira zomata.
• Spider mite. Tsamba loonda limawonekera m'makona am masamba.

Kuti muthane ndi tizirombo, sopo amagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo nthawi zovuta, kukonzekera kwa mankhwala (Actelik, Aktara). Pakakhala kangaude, yonjezerani chinyezi ndikuwonjezera kutentha.

Mitundu ya Philodendron

Kuposa mitundu 300 ya philodendron amadziwika. Nthawi zambiri, gawo lokha la iwo limakula m'nyumba. Amasiyana kwambiri monga masamba, mtundu ndi mawonekedwe a chitsamba:

Kukwera kapena Cinging Philodendron

Ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ivy philodendron. Dzinali limalandilidwa kwa mphukira zazitali, zopyapyala, zokhala ndi mizu yambiri yaying'ono, yomwe imachokera ku axel masamba. Ndi chithandizo chawo, othawa amawuka kapena akukwera mothandizidwa ndi mtunda wa 4-6 m.

Mtundu wa masamba ndi wobiriwira kapena wobiriwira wokhala ndi ma inclusions, mawonekedwe ake ndi owonda, achikopa, mawonekedwe ake ndi amtima Masamba amatalika kutalika kwa 15 cm, m'lifupi mwake masentimita 10. Mosasamala, osavuta kusamalira, osagwirizana ndi zovuta zoyipa. Rumor amadziwika kuti Philodendron amakwiyitsa wolima.

Philodendron blush

Kutalika kwa chomera chachikulire kumatha kufika 1.5-1.8 m, sikutulutsa nthambi, wowolayo amawuka pogwiritsa ntchito mizu ya mlengalenga. Masamba ndi akulu, mpaka 25 cm, ovoid, oblong, olimba, amdima wobiriwira ndi utoto wokhala ndi m'maso a pinki. Tsamba limalumikizidwa ku tsinde ndi thunthu lalitali. Mphukira zazing'ono ndi masamba ake ndi ofiira owoneka bwino, ali ndi zaka amapeza mtundu wobiriwira, ndipo gawo lakumunsi la tsinde limasandulika thunthu. Chomera chimva bwino pamthunzi.

Philodendron cello kapena b ndege kapena pini-pini

Imasiyanasiyana mumtengo wofanana ndi mtengo wokutidwa ndi makala owala amtundu wowala kuchokera ku masamba ogwa. Tsinde ndi lowongoka, limatha kutalika kwa 2 metres kapena kupitilira. Tsamba lamasamba ndilotalika (40-80 cm), ovoid, logawidwa m'minda ya cirrus. Kutengera ndi mikhalidwe yakumangidwa, mtunduwo umachokera pakuwala mpaka kubiriwira kwakuda.

Philodendron wokhala ndi mawonekedwe

Tsinde ndi mpesa wosinthika, womwe umafuna kuchirikizidwa mosalekeza. Mapaletiwo ndi olimba, ooneka ngati mivi. Kutalika kwa masamba kumatha kufika masentimita 40, utoto wake ndiwobiliwira komanso wonyezimira.

Philodendron wakuda kapena Andre

Uwu ndi mpesa wamphamvu wokhala ndi masamba aatali, mpaka 60 masentimita, amtundu wakuda wokhala ndi mitsempha yoyera. Kupendekera kwamkuwa kopanira kumapatsa mbewu yake mawonekedwe ake apakale. Mawonedwewo ndi oyenera kukongoletsa zipinda ndi kuyatsa kosakwanira.