Kodi kukula tuberous begonia? Mitundu ya kubereka maluwa ndi chisamaliro china

Tuberous begonia ndi chomera chokongola chomwe chimafuna njira yapadera yobereka. Tuber, yomwe ndi mphukira yosinthidwa, pa offseason ndi chomera cha zakudya.

M'nkhani yathu tidzatha kuyang'ana momwe tingafalitsire maluwa pogwiritsa ntchito tubers, cuttings kapena mbewu. Tiyeni tiyankhule za malamulo oyang'anira begonia pambuyo pobereka.

Timakambirana zovuta zomwe zingabwere polima. Mukhozanso kuyang'ana kanema yothandiza pa mutu uwu.

Kodi tingafalitse bwanji chomera?

Kodi begonia imabala bwanji malingana ndi mitundu? Chomera chokhala ndi tsinde chikhoza kufalikira ndi tsinde la cuttings..

Chenjerani: Zomera zokhala ndi mtundu wa begonias ndi zinyama ndi masamba osindikizira akhoza kufalikira m'magawo ena, maluwa - kufesa mbewu, chitsamba - magawano a rhizomes. Mitundu ya tuber imachulukana mwa kugawaniza tuber ziwalo.

Kubzala kunyumba

Tiyeni tikambirane mwatsatanetsatane momwe zingathekere kuti muzitha kukula maluwa a tuberous begonia kunyumba. Pakati pa odziwa maluwa odziwa maluwa, njira yofala kwambiri ndi kubalana ndi stem cuttings. Kukhazikitsidwa kwake sikufuna khama ndi chidziwitso chapadera. Pogwiritsira ntchito njirayi, mukhoza kusinthasintha zojambula zanu za mtundu wamaluwa. Kupulumuka kwa begonias mwa kudula ndipamwamba kwambiri., koma chinthu chofunika kwambiri ndi chakuti maluwa amatha mwamsanga pokhapokha mphukira ya kubzala imapezeka.

Werengani momwe mungamere ampelous begonia kuchokera ku cuttings ndi mbewu, komanso malamulo a chisamaliro cha mbeu, werengani pano, ndipo kuchokera mu nkhani ino muphunzire mtundu wa begonia ndi momwe mungasamalirire.

Cuttings

Njira yophwekayi ndi yofunika kwambiri chifukwa maluwa achichepere amasungira zikhalidwe za amayi za mbewu yosakanizidwa. Njirayi ikuchitika kumapeto kwa nyengo kapena kumapeto.

Maluwa amafalitsidwa ndi tsinde ndi apical cuttingszomwe zimapatulidwa bwino kuchokera ku tuber. Kuti muchite izi:

1. Mu kasupe pamene kumera kwa tubers, muyenera kusamala zedi masentimita 12. Kuti muwonjezere malo odulidwa, ndibwino kuti muzidulidwa pang'onopang'ono.
2. Fukuta malo awa ndi phulusa kapena malasha, chokani kuti muume kwa maola angapo. Zimalangizidwa kuti zisawonongeke ndi zowonjezera kukula, izi zidzateteza kuteteza matenda ndi kuthamanga mwamsanga.
3. Ndikofunika kuika madzi otsekemera kapena osungunuka kutentha kutentha.

Kutsekemera mizu ya cuttings:

1. Pamene rooting cuttings amafuna yapadera kutentha - 22 ° C.
2. Chidebe ndi chodzala zakuthupi chiyenera kukhala pamalo abwino, otetezedwa ku dzuwa.
3. Ngati pali zowola kumapeto kwa tsinde, ndiye kuti nkofunika kufikitsa phokosolo ndikudula malo opweteka, kuumitsa pang'ono ndikubwezeretsanso, mutasintha madzi.
4. Kuti tipewe kuvunda, ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito mapiritsi a peat kapena nthaka yokonzedwa bwino yokonzedwera mbande. M'kati mwake kuti muzitha kuwonjezera ma cuttings kuti akuya 2-3 masentimita. Chophimba chapamwamba ndi mtsuko kuti apange kutentha kwa nyengo. Pa rooting idzatenga masiku 30.

Pamene mizu yaing'ono ya tuberous begonia imakula mizu ya masentimita awiri m'litali, imangokakamizidwa kuti iikidwe pamalo osatha. Nthaka iyenera kutengedwa makamaka yopangidwa ndi zomera izi kapena kuphika nokha. Pakuti izi zimatengedwa ndi ndalama zofanana:

• sod kapena tsamba lapansi;
• humus;
• kompositi wa masamba;
• peat;
• mchenga wa mtsinje wambiri.

Bungwe: Nthaka mutabzala zomera zazing'ono simukuyenera kuzimitsa. Apo ayi, mukhoza kuvulaza achinyamata omwe ali ndi mizu yachifundo. Mbande amafuna kuthirira.

Tikukupemphani kuyang'ana kanema pa kuswana kwa begonias cuttings:

Mbewu

Njira yofalitsa mbewu imachitika kumayambiriro kwa February.. Kubzala koyambirira kukuthandizani kuti mubzalitse zodzaza zowonongeka. Begonia iyamba kuphulika chaka choyamba. Kuyambira nthawi yofesa mbewu, theka la chaka lidzatha, ndipo kumapeto kwa nyengo nyengo yaying'ono idzapangidwe kuti ikhale yosungidwa m'nyengo yozizira (momwe mungapulumutsire tuberous begonia m'nyengo yozizira, werengani pano).

1. Ndi bwino kufesa mbewu muzitsulo za pulasitiki ndi chivindikiro, koma mukhoza kutenga ena, kungozisiya ndi filimu kapena chivindikiro choonekera.
2. Pansi pazikhala malo otsegulira madzi owonjezera. Ikani mpweya wosanjikiza, womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati miyala yotsukidwa kapena tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe tinkakumba dongo.
3. Ndibwino kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
4. Kuchokera pamwamba pa nthaka kuchotsa chirichonse chomwe chingalepheretse mbewu kuti zikwere, ndizo:
   • miyala yochepa;
   • zizindikiro;
   • zinyalala.
5. Zofesedwa pamwamba pa mbeu siziyenera kuwaza ndi dothi, ingoyang'anizani pang'ono.
6. Kenaka mutseka chivindikiro choonekera. Izi zidzakuthandizani kupanga microclimate yofunikira mkati mwa chidebe.
7. Kutentha kwabwino kwa mbeu kumera ndi 23-27 ° C. Poyika malo ochepetsedwa, n'zotheka kukwaniritsa kutuluka kwa mphukira mwamsanga.

   Ndikofunika kuthirira mphukira yochepa kokha pamphuno! Ndikofunikira kuti dothi likhale lonyowa, ngati dziko lapansi likadumpha pang'ono, ndiye kuti mbeu zowonongeka zidzafa mwamsanga.

8. Pambuyo pa masiku 14, chivindikirocho chiyenera kukwezedwa ndi 1-2 masentimita ndi choyimira, ndipo patapita masiku angapo chiyenera kuchotsedwa, ndipo kutentha kumatsikira ku 18 ° C.
9. Mbande zimayenera kutetezedwa ku dzuwa. Tuberous begonia imasangalala kwambiri pazenera zonse, kupatula kumpoto.

   M'nyengo yozizira, mbande zimafunika kuunikira kwina. Pambuyo pa mawonekedwe a masambawa, nkofunikira kupanga choyamba choyamba. Mtunda pakati pa mbande ukhale 2 cm.

10. Mutabzala, sungani nthaka, ndipo mutangotentha madziwo, chidebecho chikutsekedwa ndi chivindikiro. Pafupifupi mwezi umodzi, pamene masamba a mbande yotsatira ikuyandikira, chofunika chachiwiri chikufunika. Kukula kwa mbande kumatha kubzalidwa mwapadera miphika.

Timalimbikitsa kuwonerera kanema pa kubereka kwa tuberous begonia pogwiritsa ntchito mbewu:

Kuchokera pa pepala

Ndondomeko yoberekera begonias ku tsamba idzatenga nthawi yaitali kuposa tsinde. Kuti muchite izi, kumapeto kwa chimera chachikulu muyenera kudula tsamba lalikulu ndikuliika mu galasi kuti mukatsanulira madzi pang'ono.

Pomwe imauluka, imangowonjezera, palibe chifukwa choti musinthe. Pambuyo tsamba likawonekera pa tsambalo, tsamba limabzalidwa pamalo owala. Njirayi iyenera kuchitidwa mosamalitsa, mwinamwake mungathe kuwononga mwanayo.

Tikukulimbikitsani kuti tiwonetse kanema pa kubereka kwa tuberous begonia pogwiritsa ntchito pepala:

Mavuto angakhalepo

Njira zosiyanasiyana zobereketsera, begonias zingayambitse mavuto.:

• Ngati kudula kwake kunayamba kuvunda m'madzi, ndiye kuti matendawa ali ndi matenda. Pambuyo pazowonongeka, ndondomekoyi iyenera kuikidwa m'madzi atsopano, omwe hafu ya piritsi yowonongeka imatha.
• Izo zimachitika chotero kuti mphukira zimakhala zakuda. Chowopsa ndi matenda a fungal - imvi yovunda, yomwe imawonekera pamene chomera chili mu malo ozizira ndi ozizira. Zimayenera kuti azitsata mankhwalawa ndi fungicides, ndi kukhazikitsa malo abwino m'nyumba.
• Nthawi zina njere sizikugwedeza nthawi yaitali. Zimapezeka pamtunda wotsika ndi nthaka youma.
• Ngati chobzala mbande chikhale chochepa thupi, chitanthauza kuti chilibe dzuwa.
• Pamene masamba a chomera chomera ndikutembenukira chikasu, ndiye kuti mwina sikokwanira chinyezi kapena kutentha mu chipinda.
• Ngati begonia ikukula pang'onopang'ono, imafunika kubereka.

Kusamalanso kwina

Pambuyo poswana maluwa amafunika kusamalidwa bwino. Chinthu chimodzi chofunika kwambiri ndicho kusungidwa kwapamwamba kwambiri kutentha ndi chinyezi zinthu:

• Kutentha kwa chilimwe ndi 18-22 ° С, m'nyengo yozizira - osati poyerekeza ndi 16 ° С;
• chinyezi 60%;
• kuwala kwa dzuwa.

Imwani chomera makamaka m'mawa kapena madzulo madzi kutentha. Kuthirira kumayenera kuchitika mukatha kuyanika kwa pamwamba. Begonia sangathe kupopedwa, mwinamwake matenda a fungal ndi otheka.

Maluwawo amafunikira feteleza ndi feteleza, omwe ali ndi phosphorous ndi potaziyamu, makamaka nthawi ya maluwa (chifukwa chiyani tuber begonia sichimasamba, komanso matenda ndi tizirombo zingathe kuwononga maluwa ndi momwe tingachitire nawo, werengani pano). Pa kukula kwa yogwira ntchito, m'pofunika kudya ndi nayitrogeni.

Musaiwale:

• kumasula nthaka;
• chotsani maluwa owuma;
• jambulani mpweya kuzungulira chomera;
• masamba oyera kuchokera ku fumbi;
• fufuzani tizirombo.

Timalimbikitsa kuti tiwonetse vidiyoyi pa chisamaliro cha tuberous begonia pambuyo pa kubereka:

Kutsiliza

Tuberous begonias ndi zokongoletsa leafy ndi maluwa. Amapezeka ngati mawonekedwe a zomera zakuda, zitsamba ndi zitsamba zakuda. Chifukwa cha zosiyana siyanazi, nthawi zonse mungapange chisankho choyenera chokongoletsa nyumba yanu ndi munda wanu. Begonia ingakhoze kuchulukitsidwa ndi njira iliyonse yomwe ilipo.