Pali matenda oyamba ndi fungal, ma virus komanso osateteza matenda a Anthurium, omwe amakhudza chomera mosasamala kapena kachilombo kudzera m'madzi, nthaka, tizilombo. Matenda ambiri amatetezedwa mosavuta posunga malamulo oyendetsera maluwa. Dongosolo labwino la kuthirira lithandiza kupewa matenda oyamba ndi fungus, matenda a ma virus amatengedwa ndi tizirombo, ndikofunikira kuonetsetsa kupewa mankhwala ophera tizilombo. Ndikosavuta kuthana ndi matenda osagwirizana ndi anthurium, ndikokwanira kupereka mbewa yabwino.
Zoyambitsa matenda a anthurium, mankhwala awo
Masamba amasanduka achikasu
Ngati masamba amatembenukira chikasu pakubzala anthurium, eni ambiri sakudziwa, koma zomwe zimayambitsa zovutazi ndizodziwikiratu: nthawi zambiri vutoli limayambitsidwa ndi zolakwika mosasamala komanso mosavutikira, pomwe duwa limayankha mwachangu ndikuwonetsa.
Kuwonongeka kwa masamba ndi chizindikiro cha duwa lodwala
Zomwe zimapangitsa kudziwa chifukwa chomwe maupangiri a masamba ndi maluwa amauma m'malo osiyanasiyana:
- kuthirira mu dzuwa mwachindunji;
- kuyera m'chipindacho;
- kusowa nyambo ya nayitrogeni;
- chimba chamaluwa yaying'ono;
- kuthirira ndi madzi olimba, ozizira kwambiri komanso osakhazikika ndi madzi.
Mawonekedwe achikasu kapena a bulauni pamasamba a chomera nthawi zambiri amawonetsera matenda omwe amafunikira opaleshoni. Kulowetsa madzi nthaka komanso kutentha kochepa kumatha kuwononga matenda oyamba ndi mabakiteriya a masamba a anthurium:
- Fusarium imayambitsidwa pakusintha nthaka;
- chlorosis imadziwonetsera ndi kusowa kwa chitsulo ndi magnesium;
- Septoria ndi chifukwa cha kukonzekera, kuzizira, chinyezi;
- Mitundu yowola ikakhala yokwanira, masamba amatha kutembenukira bulauni ndi kuthirira kwambiri.
Zindikirani! Musaiwale za chilengedwe cha Anthurium wakale, pomwe masamba ake amakhala achikasu pazifukwa zachilengedwe. Zoyenera kuchita Kusankha koyenera panthawi yakukonzanso mbeu ndikuchepetsa kuthilira ndi kudyetsa.
Chifukwa chiyani masamba ndi maluwa amasandulika akuda ndi ouma
Zotsatirazi zimapangitsa kuti anthu azichita khungu:
- Kuthirira ndi madzi ozizira. Kutentha kwakukulu kwamadzi komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito popukutira chikhalidwe ndi madigiri 22-26. Kupatuka kovomerezeka kwa kutentha kwa chipinda ndi madigiri 2-3.
- Kuzungulira ma rhizomes. Njira yothetsera vuto chifukwa chiyani masamba a Anthuriums amasandulika akuda amayenera kuyang'ana kuthirira kolakwika. Chinyezi chambiri chimapangitsa kuti mbewuyo idade ndikufa.
- Mafangasi pamizu ya anthurium. Ndikakhuta madzi okwanira, duwa limayamba kukula ndikuwuma. Kuti mupewe matendawa, mumasuleni nthaka ndikupanga mabowo ena mumphika.
- Madzi olimba. Kuchuluka kwa calcium kumakhudzanso magawo a magnesium ndi potaziyamu. Amachepetsa kuchuluka kwa chitsulo, manganese, zinc, boron. Kuperewera kwa zinthu zofunikira kumapangitsa kuti anthurium aume.
- Feteleza zochuluka. Mlingo uyenera kuchepetsedwa ndi theka kapena kusiya kwakanthawi kudya.
- Kusowa kwazinthu. Zizindikiro - masamba anayamba kupindika ndikuchita mdima, kusintha kosavuta. Ndikofunika kulabadira kupopera mbewu mankhwalawo kapena kuyika poto ndi madzi pafupi naye, ndikupereka chinyezi chambiri.
Kuthetsa Masamba a Anthurium
Zindikirani! Tizilombo ndi mdani wowopsa kwambiri wa maluwa aanthurium. Chifukwa chomwe masamba ndi maluwa amasanduka akuda ndi owuma, zoyambitsa ziyenera kufufuzidwa chifukwa cha zochita za ma whiteflies ndi ma aphid. Ngati mantha atsimikiziridwa, madera omwe akhudzidwa amasambitsidwa ndi madzi amchere, ochiritsidwa ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo.
Sticky amasiya momwe ayenera kuchitira
Masamba ofiirira amateteza "chisangalalo chachimuna" ku majeremusi osiyanasiyana. Koma kukhala maso sikuyenera kutaya. Ndi mawonekedwe a zomata pakatikati ya anthurium, mawanga a bulauni pamasamba, ndikofunikira kudziwa zoyenera kuchita polimbana ndi tizilombo tambiri. Nthawi zambiri tizilombo timachotsedwa ndi thonje swabs, chitsamba chimathandizidwa ndi yankho lakumanzere - malita a 2,5 amadzi 2 g. Ndi chotupa pang'ono, ndikokwanira kupukuta masamba ndi sopo yankho. Komanso, duwa limathandizidwa ndi "Karbofos" (2%).
Anthurium sikukula
Ngati anthurium samakula choti achite, wamaluwa amawona, malinga ndi chikhalidwe, komwe chinthu chachikulu ndi malo omwe ali poyera komanso owala bwino, osakonzekera. Nthawi zambiri okonda amalakwitsa kubzala duwa. Nthaka sioyenera chomera, kupatsirana kapena kuthira madzi pamafunika - zifukwa zowonjezera zomwe anthurium samakula.
Kumbukirani! Duwa limakonda zinthu zamapulasitiki, gawo lozama kwambiri ndipo sililekerera kuyatsidwa ndi dzuwa. Miphika ya achichepere amasinthidwa kamodzi pachaka, kwa akulu atatha zaka 3-4.
Matenda a fungus a anthurium, mankhwala awo
Bawi lama microscopic limatha kukhalabe pamalowo ikagulidwa kapena kuwonekera nthawi yayitali. Anthurium ndichikhalidwe chomwe chimakonda chinyezi, kuthekera kwa kufalikira kwa mabakiteriya ndikwambamwamba.
Peronosporosis
Masamba a "chisangalalo chachimuna" amakutidwa ndi masamba oyera, achikasu, spores amawoneka kumbuyo. Gwero la matendawa ndi fungus ya microscopic, yomwe imakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi mpweya wonyowa. Ndiosavuta kuchiza peronosporosis - ndikokwanira kuchepetsa chinyezi komanso kuthana ndi chikhalidwe ndi fungicides yolumikizana nayo ("Topaz", "Acrobat").
Dzimbiri pa mankhwala a Anthurium
Malo owala amawoneka kumtunda kwa pepalalo, ndipo mawanga a bulauni kapena ma pustule pamunsi, ndizotheka kuti anthurium adayamba kudwala matenda oyamba ndi fungus. Pansi pa masamba, spores imakula mofulumira, mawanga amaphatikizana, masamba amawuma. Kuchiza matendawa, fungicides amagwiritsidwa ntchito (Albit, Alirin, Fitosporin).
Dzimbiri - Matenda Aakulu a Anthurium
Fusarium wilt
Fusariosis imafalikira m'njira zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza madzi ndi mpweya. Spores yatsopano ya fungal imatha kukula ndi kutentha kwambiri komanso kuwukira kwa mankhwala. Kuwala kwa fungal kwa anthurium kumatulutsa chidutswa cha pinki pakhosi pamizu, kuthyoka masamba. Njira yayikulu yothanirana ndi matenda a Fusarium ndikupewa, mwachitsanzo, kudyetsa nthaka ndi mankhwala antifungal Gliocladin. Dongosolo la mankhwala ophera tizilombo "Vitaros", "Rovral", "Fundazol" amakhazikikanso bwino polimbana ndi fusarium.
Seporia
Fungal mycosis imadziwoneka yokha masamba ngati malo ofiira ozunguliridwa ndi mizere yachikaso. Masamba amayamba kufota pang'onopang'ono, ndipo chomera chimafa. Njira yayikulu yothandizira ndikutsata chikhalidwe ndi mkuwa wokhala ndi fungicides (msanganizo wa Bordeaux, vitriol, Kuproksat).
Anthracnose
Matenda a fungus amatsogolera pakuchepa ndikuuma masamba. Malo owuma a bulauni amawonekera m'mbali kapena pakati pa masamba. Systemic fungicides (Fundazol, Acrobat, Ridomil Gold) ithandiza polimbana ndi anthracnose. Zomera za bowa ndizosangalatsa kwambiri, ngati sizingatheke kupulumutsa anthurium, muyenera kuthira mbewu zakuphatikiza ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo, gwiritsani ntchito poto wakale ndikukula watsopano m'malo otetezeka.
Mochedwa
Chizindikiro cha matendawa ndikuwoneka mawanga a bulauni pamasamba, kukula kwawo mwachangu pamalowo ndikuwonongeka kwa mizu. Kuwonongeka kwa vuto loyipa kwambiri, fungicides yachilengedwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito, kuphatikiza Fitosporin-M, Fundazol, Alirin-B, Previkur. Onetsetsani kuti mukuyenera kusintha dothi, kutsitsa mizu m'madzi oyera, nadzatsuka ndi kuwotcha poto. Momwe mizu imathandizidwira ndi yofooka yankho la potaziyamu permanganate.
Tizilombo
Chipinda anthurium, kuphatikiza pa matenda, chitha kupukuta kapena kuwola mothandizidwa ndi tizilombo: nsabwe za m'masamba, nthata, akangaude, tizilombo, kapena zovala zoyera. Tizilombo tikawoneka, sopo wofunafuna sopo kapena mankhwala ofunikira adzafunika, ndikofunikira kuti chikhalidwe chathu chikonzedwe kamodzi pakatha masiku awiri ndi atatu.
Ma nsabwe
Ndikosavuta kudziwa za kugonjetsedwa kwa nsabwe za anthurium ndi chikasu, mapepala opindika, makatani amtengo, chomera chimayamba kufa mwachangu. Njira yosavuta yosinthira tizilombo ndi kusamba kapena kufinya mbewuyo ndi sopo (20 g ya sopo yochapira malita 6 a madzi ofunda). Njira yothandiza kwambiri ndiyo kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala: Antitlin, Aktara, Actellik.
Aphid pa Anthurium
Zopatsa
Masamba omwe amakhudzidwa ndi kupindika amakutidwa ndi mawonekedwe achikaso owoneka bwino osiyanasiyana ndi mawonekedwe ake. Tizilombo timene tili kumapeto kwa masamba ndipo timakhala ndi bulauni. Kuopsa kwa kuponyera kumatheka chifukwa cha kufalikira kwa kachilomboka. Malo abwino kwambiri kwa alendo osafunikira amakhala chinyezi komanso kutentha kwambiri. Ndikofunikira kusintha nyengo mchipindacho. Mankhwala okhala ndi poizoni ambiri amathandizira duwa lomwe lakhudzidwa ndi kupindika: Tanrek, Actellik kapena Fufanon.
Spider mite
Mpheta ya kangaude imapereka masamba ang'ono achikasu kunja kwa masamba, kuphatikizira malo akuluakulu. Tsamba la kangaude limapezeka pansi pa tsamba, lodzala ndi tating'onoting'ono. Nkhupakupa zimakonda kutentha ndi mpweya wouma. Maluwa atangotembenuka chikasu, ndikofunikira kuthana ndi masamba mwachangu ndi njira yothira sopo, yoyeretsedwa ndi tizilombo ndi kupukuta ndi mafuta amchere. Khazikitsani chinyezi ndi kutentha.
Chotchinga
Zolemba zoyera kapena zofiirira zofiirira pamasamba a anthurium ndi chizindikiro choyamba cha nkhanambo, kuyamwa zofunikira za duwa lanyumba. Chotsani tizilombo ku pepalalo amalola singano wamba. Anthu osakwatiwa alinso ndi bulashi la mano, lopukutidwa ndi thonje lomwe limaloweka palafini - pansi pa filimu ya palafini chishango chimagwira.
Zindikirani! Nthawi zambiri, amalima maluwa amayesera mafuta osakaniza ndi mafuta kuti apukute masamba a anthurium. Ndi kufalitsa kwamphamvu kwa majeremusi, njira yothandizira tizilombo iyenera kupangidwa ndi mafuta amchere omwe amakonzedwa kuthandizira greenery.
Whitefly
Duwa limawoneka ngati loponderezedwa, masamba amapindika ndipo amatulutsa, masamba ndi maluwa amawonetsedwa. Ndikofunikira kupenda bwino chiwetocho, makamaka masamba amtsamba. Mwina mbewuyi yakhala malo osungirako tizirombo touluka - tiziromboti. Tizilombo ting'onoting'ono tokhala ndi mphutsi timayamwa zofunikira za Anthurium. Mpweya wa utoto wakuthengo kumtunda kwa tsambalo umatikumbutsa za zokutira zonyezimira, zofanana ndi timitengo ta shuga. Zovala zoyera zikafika, akatswiri amalangizidwa kuti azigwiritsa ntchito mankhwala: Aktara, Confidor, Akarin, Iskra, Fitoverm, Actellik, Tanrek.
Whitefly pa chomera wathanzi
Matenda osagwirizana
Chlorosis
Ngati mawanga achikasu akuwoneka pa masamba obiriwira pakuwala kowala, chikhalidwecho chimakhala ndi vuto lochepa (kusowa kwa magnesium ndi chitsulo). Ndikofunika kusamalira kuvala pafupipafupi kwa chomeracho ndi feteleza wokongoletsa maluwa.
Nthomba
Ma bulchi obiriwira obiriwira ndi chikasu chamtundu wa United States ndi chifukwa cha kutentha kochepa kuphatikiza ndi chinyezi chambiri. Ngati mukuyiwala za kudya pafupipafupi kwa anthurium, chomera sichikhala ndi mphamvu yolimbana ndi nthomba, zimatenga nthawi yayitali kukonzanso chikhalidwecho.
Mwa enations
Matenda a maluwa ndi enacia, kupindika kwa masamba osasinthika kumawoneka, mawonekedwe oyipa komanso otupa, anthurium imatha kukhala yakuda. Matendawa amakula m'zipinda zozizira ndi zojambulajambula, kusintha kwadzidzidzi mu mpweya wouma komanso wonyowa.
Momwe mungapulumutsire anthurium, ngati pali chitsa ndi masamba
Wopatsa chidwi Anthurium wosemedwa, wowola, ndi kusiya chitsa cha mtengo ndi masamba? Muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito njira yosamala yosungirako chikhalidwe: dulani kwathunthu zimayambira, masamba ndi maluwa, chotsani anthurium pansi, pendani mosamala ma rhizome kuti muvunde, peel kapena kudula, kuchitira ndi anti-tiziromboti. Ikani mu dothi losakaniza bwino.
Anthurium imafunika kupatsidwa mwachangu
Anthurium ndi chikhalidwe chokongola komanso chosasangalatsa. Mukasunga chomera kunyumba, ndikofunikira kukhazikitsa chisamaliro choyenera komanso kupewa matenda. Duwa lidzakongoletsa zamkati kwa zaka zoposa 10.
