Chakudya cha beet ndi chomera chodzichepetsa chimene nthawi zonse chimabweretsa zokolola zambiri, ndipo kukula ndi kusamalira izo ndizofunikira. Zilombozi zimakhala ndi pectin, fiber, zakudya zamagetsi ndi salt, zomwe zimayamwa ndi mapuloteni. Chakudya cha beet ndi chakudya chabwino kwambiri cha zinyama, makamaka m'nyengo yozizira, pamene nyama zimapatsidwa zouma komanso chakudya chamzitini. Chifukwa cha izo, kusungunula ndi kuyamwa kwa udzu, haylage, silage ndi kuyang'ana ndi bwino. M'nkhaniyi tiona momwe kulima beet chakudya, kotero kuti kumabweretsa zokolola zambiri.
Fodya beet mitundu
Mpaka pano, mitundu yambiri ya zakudya za beet, monga Ekendorfskaya yellow, Galitskaya, ndi Lvovskaya, adakali wamba ndipo akugulitsa bwino. Komabe, mitundu yatsopano yatsopano ikuonekera kuti imasiyana mosiyana, kukana tizirombo ndi zokolola zambiri. Odziwika kwambiri mwa iwo ndi awa:
- Lada - mitundu yambiri ya chakudya, yomwe muzu wake umakhala woyera kapena wofiira, umadziwika pansi ndi ⅓. Mnofu wa beets ndi wowometsera komanso wandiweyani. Chomera chimatsalira mpaka beets akukololedwa. Mitundu ya Lada siimamera kwa nthawi yayitali, imatha kukana nkhuku ndi kuvuta kwa kagatnaya panthawi yosungirako. Pafupifupi, amapereka zokolola zapakati pa 1200 c / ha.
- Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kukula Nadezhda ali wofiira, pang'ono ochepa, oval-yoboola mizu masamba. Mnofu wa beet ndi woyera, masamba ndi obiriwira ndi mtundu wa anthocyanin. Ili ndi mutu wotsitsimula, waung'ono, wa imvi. Zokolola zimabweretsa zabwino, kupitirira muyezo. Amatha kudwala ndi powdery mildew ndi mildew.
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya chakudya cha beet Milan ndi katatu, omwe ali ndi mbewu yosakanizidwa. Kutalika ndi m'lifupi kwa mizu-kukula kakulidwe kameneka, koboola pakati. Analowetsedwa mkati mwa nthaka. Mbali ya beet yomwe ili pansi pa nthaka ndi yoyera, ndipo gawo pamwamba pa nthaka ndi lobiriwira. Beet ya chakudya cha mtundu uwu imabweretsa mbewu zambiri, mpaka 785 c / hekitala. Kulimbana ndi cercopiasis.- Mofanana ndi Milan, mtundu wa Vermon ndi wozungulira, wosakanikirana, womwe uli ndi mizu yosiyanasiyana yomwe imakhala ndi mizu yozungulira. Sizamizidwa kwambiri m'nthaka. Nthaka imakhala yoyera pansi, ndipo chirichonse pamwamba pa nthaka ndi chobiriwira. Zokolola za zosiyanasiyanazi zimapitirira 878 c / ha.
- Mitundu yambiri ya Jamon ndi yamtundu umodzi, wosakanizidwa. Ili ndi mizu yozungulira yachitsulo, m'nthaka ndi lalanje-chikasu, komanso lalanje lowala pamwamba. Zomera zobiriwira zobiriwira. Tsinde lachitsulo. Zokolola za mtundu umenewu ndi zoposa 84 magulu pa hekitala. Korneedov pafupifupi osadwala, amatengeka ndi matenda a tchalitchi.
- Farmon chakudya cha beet ndi katatu, wosakanizidwa. Ali ndi mizu yodetsedwa, pansi ndi ya chikasu, pamwamba pa zobiriwira. Chomeracho ndi chotalika, mitsempha yomwe ili pamenemo ndi yoyera, zitsulo zili pafupi. Mitundu iyi ya beet imabweretsa anthu 692 pa hekitala ya mbewu.
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya chakudya cha beet Milan ndi katatu, omwe ali ndi mbewu yosakanizidwa. Kutalika ndi m'lifupi kwa mizu-kukula kakulidwe kameneka, koboola pakati. Analowetsedwa mkati mwa nthaka. Mbali ya beet yomwe ili pansi pa nthaka ndi yoyera, ndipo gawo pamwamba pa nthaka ndi lobiriwira. Beet ya chakudya cha mtundu uwu imabweretsa mbewu zambiri, mpaka 785 c / hekitala. Kulimbana ndi cercopiasis.Nthawi komanso momwe mungabzalidwe beets: zizindikiro za kubzala mizu
Pamene kutentha kwa dothi kumadontho 8 masentimita pafupifupi 6 ° C, ndiye chakudya cha beet chimabzalidwa pansi. Izi zimachitika kumapeto kwa March - kumayambiriro kwa April. Pambuyo pa masabata awiri, mutha kuwona mphukira zoyamba, koma ngati kutentha kwa dothi kunali pamwamba pa 5 ° C, ndiye mbeu imatha kumera tsiku lachisanu. Musanabzala, njira yovomerezeka ndiyo chithandizo cha mbewu kuchokera ku tizirombo ndi matenda. Muyeneranso kudziwa momwe beet yabzalidwira.
Kuzama kwa maenje a mbewu kumakhala masentimita 5, ndipo mtunda wa pakati pa mbeu - pafupifupi mamita 0.5. Kuti mbeu isungidwe m'nthaka, mbewu zimayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo namsongole akhale osachepera, asanabzalidwe, nthaka iyenera kuchitidwa ndi mankhwala a herbicides. Chofunika pa zokolola zabwino ndizozizira. Ngati nthaka ikuzizira, mbeu yonse ikhoza kufa. Asanayambe kuwoneka, namsongole ndi kutumphuka zimatha kupanga pansi. Kutsegula mosavuta kwa nthaka kungathandize kupeŵa kuchuluka kwa namsongole.
Mukudziwa? Beet chakudya chidzamveka ngati balere, phacelia, alfalfa ndi nyemba zina zidabzala musanabzala.Malo omwe nyemba za beets zidzakula ziyenera kusamalidwa bwino musanabzala mbewu. Kuti mukolole bwino, kompositi imagwiritsidwa bwino kwambiri kumapeto kwa nyengo, yomwe ingathandize kuthana namsongole ndikulima nthaka.
Momwe mungasamalire beet chakudya
Kuti mupeze zokolola zochuluka, muyenera kutsatira malamulo a chisamaliro cha beet chakudya. Beets samafuna chidwi chapadera, ulimi waulimi ndi wosavuta. Chisamaliro chapadera chimamasulidwa panthawi yake ndi kuthirira, kuyamwa madzi ndi chitetezo ku tizirombo ndi matenda.
Kutsegula ndi kupalira
Ngati kutumphuka kamene kamakhala pamtunda, kumatanthauza kuti imasowa mpweya. Chiwembu chodzala beet chakudya chimakhudza kumasulidwa kwa nthaka masiku angapo mutabzala. Kutsegula pamwamba ndi denga lakuthwa kumalimbikitsidwa nthawi zonse mvula itatha.
Ndikofunikira! Namsongole amafunika kuti udzule nthawi zingapo panthawi yokula, mpaka nsonga za beets zisatseke.
Kuthirira beet
Mukamwetsa beets, choyamba, zimatsogoleredwa ndi nyengo. Kuthira kwakukulu kumafunika panthawi imene muzu umakula ndi mawonekedwe. Masiku 30 asanayambe kukumba beets, kuthirira ayenera kuchotsedwa kwathunthu, mwinamwake mizu ikhoza kukhala ndi dzuwa pang'ono ndipo idzasungidwa moipa. Ngati nthawi zambiri imagwa mvula yoyambilira ya nyundo, amapanga mipata pakati pa mizere yochera madzi.
Chitetezo cha tizilombo
Beets angakhale chakudya cha tizilombo tosiyanasiyana, kotero kubzala ndi kusamalira kunja kumaphatikizidwa ndi njira zotetezera motsutsana ndi tizirombo. Monga njira yothandizira, mineral feteleza amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kompositi imayambitsidwa pamene kukumba kwa autumn kumachitika. Kwa ha 1, matani 35 a feteleza organic amafunika. Phulusa la nkhuni ndi labwino kwambiri ngati feteleza, kwa mahekitala 1 muli ndi anthu okwana 5.
Ndikofunikira! Musanabzala beets chakudya, ndi bwino kulima nthaka ndi kufalitsa nitroammofosku.Zopanda phindu zidzakhala potashi ndi feteleza phosphate.
Pamene kukolola, momwe mungadziwire zipatso kucha
Kukhazikika kwa chakudya cha beet kumadalira nyengo. Poona kuti chakudya cha beet chikuwopa otsika kutentha, ndi bwino kukolola isanayambike chisanu. Muzuwo uyenera kuchotsedwa mosamala kwambiri m'nthaka popanda kuwononga. Ndifunikanso kuyendetsa pamwamba, mosasamala kusungidwa kwa beets kudzachepetsedwa kwambiri.
Mukudziwa? Ndi bwino kukhala ndi beets chakudya m'chipinda chapansi pa nyumba, dzenje la dziko, kutentha mpaka 5 ° С.Mukawona kukula kwa beetroot, masamba apansi amatembenukira chikasu ndi kufota, ndipo zipatso za beet zafika kukula mofanana ndi zosiyanasiyana - izi zikutanthauza kuti nthawi yafika yokolola.
Tsopano inu mukudziwa zonse za beets chakudya, momwe mungabzala ndikuwasamalira, momwe mungatetezere chomera kuchokera ku tizirombo ndi nthawi yokolola. Zimangokufunirani kuti mupambane ndikukula chikhalidwe chofunikira ichi.
