Kukongoletsa uta (Allium) amabzalidwa m'munda kuti ukhale wokongola, imakhala pafupi kwambiri, wachibale wa adyo ndi anyezi, wobzalidwa ndi kuswana. Mudziko muli mitundu pafupifupi 600 yokongoletsa anyezi. Anyezi amadyetsedwa, ndipo maluwa ake ndi amtengo wapatali. Izi ndi maluwa osadzichepetsa kwambiri omwe amasintha kwa nthawi yaitali.
Kukongoletsa uta pa flowerbed amawoneka wokongola komanso wokongola. Kuonjezera apo, omanga mapulani ake amagwiritsa ntchito kukongoletsa mapaki. Chifukwa cha mtundu wa maluwa ndi mitundu yonse ya utawaleza, ndizochititsa kupanga maluwa.
Amamasula kwa nthawi yaitali, pafupifupi miyezi iwiri. Kukongoletsa uta limakula bwino ndi peonies, poppies, irises. Komanso, maluwa oterewa adzakhala mu maluwa okongola kwa nthawi yaitali.
Zimakhalanso zosangalatsa kuwerenga za kubzala mbatata m'nyengo yozizira.
Kukongoletsa uta: mitundu ndi mitundu
Kukongoletsa uta adagawidwa m'mitundu yambiri. Awa ndiwo ephemeroids omwe amamera mu masika ndi chilimwe, ndipo nthawi zina zonse ziri mu chigonere; ndi chakudya cha alliums (chives).
Mitundu yambiri ya anyezi yomwe imakula mumunda ndi:
- Karatav anyezi ali ndi masamba akuluakulu obiriwira. Sichidyedwa. Iwo limamasula kumapeto kwa kasupe - oyambirira chilimwe. Maluwa a pinki amafanana ndi buluni.
- Anyezi a golide amasamba ndi maluwa okasu kwinakwake mwezi wa July, ndi masamba okongola a bluish.
- Utawu wa Ostrovsky ndi wokongola kwambiri ndi maluwa okongola a pinki, maluwawo amafanana ndi mpira waukulu.
- Chives otchuka kwambiri. Iyo yabzalidwa pambali pa chingwe. Ichi ndi chomera chosatha ndi maluwa okongola a pinki, nthawi zina wofiirira, omwe amafanana ndi ambulera. Nthawi yomweyo chipale chofewa chimasungunuka.
- Mazira a chikasu amatha kufanana ndi maambulera aang'ono, ndi maluwa - mabelu ang'onoang'ono.
- Dziko lakwawo la azungu lonse ndi Caucasus. Kawirikawiri limamasula mu August. Maluwa amajambulidwa ndi mtundu wofewa wofiira ndi mthunzi wa lilac. Maonekedwe a inflorescences amafanana ndi ovunda. Osati aang'ono a chisanu.
- Allium Blue ndi mtundu wokonda kwambiri wa uta umene anthu okonza mapulani amagwiritsa ntchito. Flower mtundu - mokoma buluu. Masamba ayamba kufota mwamsanga pamene maluwa oyambirira akuwonekera. Nthawi zina amatchedwa mfumu.
Momwe mungasankhire malo abwino oti mubwerere
Kukongoletsa uta adzakongoletsa malo alionse a kumidzi, kapena munda wamtunda. Ikhoza kuyesedwa miphika pa khonde. Palibe zoyenera zofuna kusankha malo. Chinthu chachikulu chomwe chinali dzuwa. Mu mthunzi zimalimbikitsidwa kubzala zosiyanasiyana ngati chimbalangondo; mthunzi wa mitengo yodula ndi ya zipatso imayenera bwino.
Nthaka ndi yabwino kusankha osalowerera ndi madzi abwino, kotero kuti chomeracho chikhoza kulandira mpweya wokwanira. Muyenera kusankha nthaka yabwino. Yesetsani kukhala achangu ndi kuthirira, chifukwa mababu a zomera samakonda chinyezi.
Anyezi akhoza kubzalidwa ndi mbewu ndi mababu. Mbewu imatha pachimake pambuyo pake ikafika pansi. Allium amatha kukula pamalo amodzi, popanda kuika, kwa zaka zingapo. Ndikoyenera kutulutsa kunja ndikukakera mbande, ngati tchire chikukula kwambiri.
Timabzala zokongoletsa uta ali lolondola
Asanafike zokongoletsa uta mu nthaka muyenera kukonzekera pansi. Chiwembucho chimakumbidwa, kotero makhalidwe ake oyamwa amawongolera.
Musaiwale za feteleza
Ndiye m'pofunika kuti mudzaze nthaka ndi zowonongeka kompositi, mugwiritseni ntchito mchere wamchere, umene uli ndi tizilombo tambirimbiri. Zimathandizanso kufesa nthaka ndi potaziyamu, zimakhudza kwambiri zomera. Potaziyamu ambiri ali mu phulusa.
Kulima kwa allium kumalimbikitsidwa mu kugwa, mu zaka khumi ndi zitatu za September. Babu ayenera kukhala ndi nthawi yozika mizu ndikugwira "mwamphamvu" m'nthaka. Koma mitundu yambiri ya anyezi imabzalidwa pansi m'chaka. Zonse zimadalira pamene alumamu imamasula. Mitundu yomwe imayamba kuphulika mu Meyi, idalimbikitsa kudzala mugwa, ndipo ija mu August - m'chaka.
Lamulo lalikulu la kubzala anyezi ndi: kuya kwa dzenje kuyenera kufanana ndi kutalika kwa mababu atatu. Anyezi aang'ono amakhala pamwamba kuposa anyezi oposa. Pambuyo pa kubzala anyezi, m'pofunikira kupanga mulching wa nthaka, kupanga manyowa kapena peat.
Nthawi zina, kumapeto kwa nthawi ya maluwa, mababu amafukula pansi, makamaka ngati akuda ndi ozizira. Ndiye ayenera kuumitsidwa ndi kusungidwa m'chipinda chowotcha mpweya pa kutentha kwa madigiri 20. Kuti mababu asatenge chinyontho panthawi yosungirako, akhoza kutsanulira ndi utuchi.
Zosamalira
Chisamaliro zokongoletsa uta zosavuta. Kupalira anyezi, panthawi yake komanso moyenera kuthirira ndi kudyetsa. Mitengo imathiriridwa kokha pamene pali kutentha kwa madigiri makumi anai panja, ndi mphepo yowuma, youma ikuwomba.
Allium amadyetsedwa m'chaka, pamene masamba oyambirira akuwonekera, feteleza, omwe ali ndi mchere wambiri. Ndipo m'nthawi yophukira - feteleza ndi phosphorous ndi potaziyamu, yomwe imayikidwa pansi. Nthawi zina anyezi, amaluwa obiriwira, amadyetsedwa nthawi yogwira ntchito ya mphukira.
Mababuwo, pofuna kuteteza iwo ku chinyezi chochulukira, amakumba pamene masamba auma kwambiri ndipo mbewu zipse. Amasungidwa m'kabokosibokosi kapena bokosi la matabwa. Muyenera kusankha malo okhala ndi mpweya wabwino. Ngati, ngakhale muli ndi nthaka yabwino, ndiye kuti anyezi anasiyidwa m'nyumba yachisanu.
Kubwereza zokongoletsa uta anachita zaka 4 zilizonse. Kawiri kaŵirikaŵiri sakulangizani, popeza zisa zikukula mwamphamvu, ndipo mawonekedwe okongoletsera afupika. Simungathe kuchotsa masamba osungunuka, kotero kuti mubise izi, iwo abzalidwa ndi zomera zomwe zimathandiza kubisala cholakwika ichi.
