Enotera ndi mbewu yobiriwira yochokera ku banja la ku Kupro. Mitundu yambiri imaphatikizapo mbewu zapachaka komanso zosatha ndi mphukira kapena nthambi zowongoka. Makapu a inflorescence amafanana ndi mabelu ambiri omwe amatsegula usiku. Zomera ndizofala ku America ndi ku Europe, koma zimakula bwino m'minda yotentha ya Russia. Kwa olima munda ambiri, primrose yamadzulo imadziwika bwino pansi pa dzina "oslinnik", "kandulo usiku" kapena "primrose yamadzulo". Tchuthi ting'onoting'ono timamera mwachangu ndipo zimafunikira kukonza pang'ono. Amapanga makatani otayirira okhala ndi maluwa onunkhira.
Makhalidwe a botanical
Primrose yamadzulo ndi chomera chamtchire kapena chitsamba chotalika masentimita 30 mpaka 1.2. Zomata zowutsa mudyo zokhala ndi nkhope zokutidwa ndi khungu lofiirira lotuwa ndi lalifupi, lalitali. Amamera molunjika kapena kugwa pansi. Masamba pa tsinde amakonzedwa pambuyo pake. Mawonekedwe awo zimatengera mtundu wa mbewu. Pali masamba athunthu, owonda kapena lanceolate, komanso masamba oundana omwe ali ndi m'mphepete mwamphamvu.
Nthawi ya maluwa imagwera pa June-Seputembara. Kumtunda kwa tsinde, maluwa otayirira otuluka ndi makapu akuluakulu oyera, ofiira, achikasu kapena ofiirira akutulutsa maluwa. Amakhala ndi ziphuphu zinayi zautali komanso zokhala ndi matalala, 8 stamens ndi pestle. Maluwa amatseguka mwachangu, mkati mwa mphindi 1-2, ndikudina kwamtundu.
Pambuyo popukutira, bokosi lamitundu yambiri limapangidwa, logawanika ndi magawo amkati kukhala zisa zinayi. Muli njere zazing'ono kwambiri. Mu 1 g ya mbewu, pali mayunitsi pafupifupi 3,000.
Mitundu ya primrose yamadzulo
Mitundu ya primrose imakhala ndi mitundu pafupifupi 150 ya mitengo ya pachaka, yakale komanso yosatha.
Primrose yamadzulo yoyimiriridwa ndi mitundu iyi:
- Primrose yamadzulo siyabwino. Chomera cha herbaceous mpaka 15cm chotalika chimasungunula masamba obiriwira amiyala pansi pa tsinde. Amakhala ndi masamba obiriwira okhala ndi masamba obiriwira omwe amayala maluwa ang'onoang'ono oyera pazifupi zazifupi. Masamba amatseguka usiku ndi nyengo yamvula. Makulidwe a corolla ndi masentimita 7. Mitundu "Aurea" yokhala ndi maluwa achikasu achikasu ndiyotchuka.
- Primrose yamadzulo ndi yokongola. Chitsamba chamtali wa 40 masentimita chimakhala ndi masamba, zitsamba zobiriwira komanso masamba obiriwira owala. Maluwa okhala ndi mawonekedwe amitundu yoyera ndi yapinki amatengedwa m'makutu otayirira. Zomera zimatentha pakati pa Juni-August, sizimalola chisanu.
- Enotera waku Missouri. Chomera cha herbaceous chomwe chikukula ndikukula chimamera 30 cm cm. Imakutidwa ndi masamba owonda-lanceolate. Mu June-Ogasiti, maluwa amtundu wachikaso amodzi onunkhira bwino amatseguka. Danga lamaluwa silidutsa 10 cm.
- Primrose yamadzulo ndi shrubby. Chomera chokhala ndi nthambi zowonda chimafalikira kutalika kwa 0.9-1.2 m. Zimayambira ndi zokutidwa ndi masamba owala amtundu wakuda wobiriwira. Koyambilira kwa chilimwe, tchire limakutidwa ndi chipewa chakuda chamaluwa owala achikasu ndi mainchesi mpaka 5 cm.
Primrose yamadzulo ndi zaka ziwiri. M'chaka choyamba, mbewuyi imapanga mphukira yobiriwira yobiriwira, yokutidwa ndi masamba a lanceolate okhala m'mphepete. Kutalika kwake kumafikira masentimita 20. Mu chaka chachiwiri, nthambi zofooka zopanda mphamvu zimapangika chitsamba mpaka kutalika kwa 1.2 m. Pamtunda wapamwamba, maluwa owoneka ngati nthongo omwe amakhala ndi maluwa osalala a chikasu mpaka maluwa 5 cm. Maluwa amapezeka mu June-Okutobala. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana "yamadzulo Madzulo" imawoneka mochititsa chidwi - zitsamba zofowoka 80-90 masentimita okwera amakutidwa ndi maluwa ofiira a golide okhala ndi fungo labwino.
Enoter Drummond. Chomera chamtundu wa herbaceous 30-80 cm wamtali chimakhala ndi mphukira zophukira. Amakutidwa ndi masamba obiriwira okhala ndi masamba obiriwira. Kuyambira mwezi wa June, wokutidwa ndi mabelu achikasu owoneka bwino komanso m'mimba mwake mpaka 7 cm.
Zomera zomwe zimamera
Nthawi zambiri amatulutsa primrose yamadzulo kwa mbewu. Chomera chimadzipatsa mbewu zake zokha. Mbewu zokolola zitha kusungidwa kwa zaka 2-3. M'mbuyomu, mbande zimamera kuchokera kwa iwo. Choyamba, njere zazing'ono zotere zimasakanizidwa ndi mchenga kapena utuchi ndikubzala m'miphika kapena m'mabokosi ndi mchenga ndi dothi la peat. Mbewu zimapangidwa mu Marichi mpaka akuya 5 mm. Dziko lapansi limanyowa mosamala ndikuphimbidwa ndi filimu. Sungani miphika pamoto wa + 21 ... + 23 ° C. Kuwombera kumawonekera pambuyo pa masabata 1-2. Zitatha izi, pogona chimachotsedwa ndipo mbande zimasamutsidwa m'malo abwino. Pakati pa Epulo kapena kumayambiriro kwa Meyi, mutha kudzala poyera.
Tchire lalikulupo la perennials pakapita zaka zisanu ndi zitatu aliyense agawanidwe, chifukwa mukamakongoletsa malo okongoletsera amatayika ndipo matenda a fungus amakula. Kuti muchite izi, mu Okutobala kapena Marichi, chitsamba chimakumbidwa kwathunthu, chimasulidwa ku mbali ina ya dziko lapansi ndikudulidwamo. Nthawi zina amayeserera kudula gawo la chitsamba osakumba. Delenka nthawi yomweyo amabzala m'malo atsopano mu nthaka yachonde ndikothiriridwa bwino.
Kutenga ndi kusamalira
Primrose yamadzulo amabzala m'malo otseguka bwino. Itha kumera pang'ono, koma popanda kuyatsa siyimaphuka ndipo imataya masamba omwe awonekera kale. Chomera chimakonda magawo otayirira, otakidwa bwino osakanikirana ndi asidi kapena wopanda mphamvu. Asanabzale, dothi limakumbidwa ndi feteleza wa mchere ndi kompositi. Pa chomera chilichonse, dzenje losaya kanthu limakumbidwa ndi mtunda wa 30-40 cm.
Primrose yamadzulo iyenera kuthiriridwa ndi chisamaliro kotero kuti nthaka yapamwamba ikhale ndi nthawi yoti ome, chifukwa mizu yake imakonda kuzola. Pachilala, maluwa amathiriridwa madzi kawiri pa sabata. Ngati mbewu zibzalidwe m'nthaka yachonde, ndiye kuti mchaka choyamba, kuphatikiza feteleza sikofunikira. Kasupe wotsatira, komanso maluwa atatha, mbewu zimapatsidwa manyowa, yankho la phulusa la nkhuni kapena potaziyamu.
Kangapo pamnyengo ndikofunikira kuti udzu umasule nthaka. Izi zimatha kuchotsa namsongole ndikuletsa kupangika kwa kutumphuka pansi. Zomera zazitali zimafuna garter, chifukwa zimatha kugona pansi kuchokera kumphepo zamkuntho ndi mvula. Sikoyenera kudulira inflorescence zowotcha, kungoyambika maluwa kuchokera ku izi sizibwera. Komabe, njirayi ithandiza kupewa kudzilamulira mosadziletsa.
Mitundu yambiri imalimbana ndi chisanu ndipo imatha kukhala yozizira popanda pogona. Mu nthawi yophukira, mphukira zapamwamba zimadulidwa pafupifupi pansi, ndipo dothi limayikiridwa ndi humus ndi peat, kenako nkuphimbidwa ndi nthambi za spruce kapena masamba agwa.
Primrose yamadzulo imagonjetsedwa ndi matenda ambiri azomera, koma imadwala matenda oyamba ndi fungus ngati ikusamalidwa bwino. Njira zonse zowonongeka ziyenera kudulidwa ndikuwonongeka. Chidacho chikakhala pach chitsamba, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timafafaniza.
Kugwiritsa ntchito primrose yamadzulo
Masamba otukuka kwambiri otulutsa bwino amatha kubzala m'magulu mapangidwe ndi mapangidwe ake popanga mawonekedwe owala bwino pa udzu. Mitundu yomwe imakula pang'ono imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga miyala yamiyala ndi miyala yamiyala. Zomera zazing'onoting'ono zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mu mitundu yosakanikirana ndi mphete yakunja ya dimba la maluwa. Kuti mumvetse primrose yamadzulo, imabzalidwa pafupi ndi mabelu, Veronica, astilbe, ageratum ndi lobelia.
M'mayiko ena, primrose yamadzulo imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuphika. Ma rhizomes omata a pachaka amaphika ndikuwadyedwa monga mbale yam'mbali. Mphukira zazing'ono zowonda za perennials zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza masaladi.
Mbewu, mafuta kuchokera kwa iwo ndi udzu wouma zimatha kuchiritsa. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala komanso cosmetology kuti muchepetse ziwindi, pothana ndi mkwiyo pakhungu komanso kuyabwa. Chifukwa chokhala ndi mavitamini E ambiri, mafuta amagwiritsidwa ntchito pakhungu, chifukwa amachepetsa mafuta ake, amakonzanso mamvekedwe ndikutulutsa makwinya abwino. Masikono ndi masamba obzala amagwiritsidwa ntchito mkati. Amathandizira kuukira kwa mphumu, kutsokomola ndi chifuwa, kuphatikizanso kukonzanso.
