Delphinium (Larkpur, Spur) ndi chomera chimodzi komanso chosatha cha banja la Lyutikov.
Kwanyumba Africa ndi Asia. Ili ndi mitundu pafupifupi 400.
Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe a delphinium
Chomera chamtali kwambiri chokhala ndi masamba opindika bwino. Mitundu yotsika ndi mapiri okha.
Maluwa nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi manda 5, omwe amakulungidwa mu mawonekedwe a cone komanso owongoka pang'ono, omwe amafanana ndi kupota. Pakati ndi peephole, losiyana ndi duwa lalikulu, nthawi zambiri limakhala lamdima. Ma inflorescence a mithunzi yonse.
Zojambula za fern zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mawonekedwe, ophimba malo osayenerera pamalopo kapena kumbuyo kwa chosakanizira. Zikuwoneka zokongola komanso zayekha, mwachitsanzo, pakati pa udzu.
Mitundu yayikulu ndi mitundu ya delphinium
Pali mitundu yambiri yamitundu yachilengedwe, mitundu yazikhalidwe ndi mitundu ya delphinium. Amakhala pachaka (pafupifupi 40) komanso osatha (pafupifupi 300).
Delphinium pachaka
Zomwe zimamera zimayambira kale kwambiri kuposa zipatso za perennials (Julayi), zikupitilira kukula mpaka kumapeto kwa September.
| Onani | Kufotokozera | Masamba | Maluwa |
| Munda | Yokhala nthambi, zowongoka, zodutsa, mpaka 80 cm. | Maulendo atatu ndi zigawo za mzere. | Kufikira 4 masentimita a mithunzi yonse yamtambo, yosungidwa burashi yokhotakhota mpaka 2,5 cm. |
| Pamwamba | Kufikira 3 m, chilili, chosagwira chisanu. | Fleecy, kanjedza, zobiriwira, 15 cm, wozungulira. | Zambiri, ultramarine, mpaka zidutswa 60, zokhala ndi whisk yotseguka. |
| Zachikulu zazikulu | Yokhala nthambi, zowongoka, zodutsa, mpaka 80 cm. | Maulendo atatu ndi zigawo za mzere. | Kufikira 4 masentimita a mithunzi yonse yamtambo, yosungidwa burashi yokhotakhota mpaka 2,5 cm. |
| Ajax | Kufikira 110 cm, molunjika, nthambi. | Sedentary, odzipereka mwamphamvu. | Mitundu yosiyanasiyana. |
Perennial delphinium: New Zealand ndi ena
Ma perennial delphiniums ndi ma hybrids omwe amapezeka podutsa pachaka. Ali ndi mithunzi yopitilira 800.
Maluwa a Terry komanso osavuta, kutalika kwake kumatengera zosiyanasiyana.
| Onani | Kufotokozera | Masamba | Maluwa |
| New Zealand | Chipinda 2 mita chosagwira chisanu, choteteza matenda. Gwiritsani ntchito kudula. Zosiyanasiyana: Giant, Roxolana. | Kukucha masamba obiriwira. | Terry, theka-terry (pafupifupi 9 cm). |
| Belladonna | Kutalika kwa masentimita 90. Nthawi zina limamasula kawiri pachaka. Zosiyanasiyana: Piccolo, Balaton, Lord Warsr. | Green, kuchokera kumagawo 7. | Buluu, wofiirira inflorescence kuchokera kumaluwa ang'onoang'ono 5 cm. |
| Pacific | Wamtali, udzu, mpaka 150 cm. Zosiyanasiyana: Lancelot, Blue Jay, Skye Wachilimwe. | Chachikulu, chojambula pamtima, chosiyana. | Manda 5, 4 cm, indigo, wokhala ndi diso lakuda. |
| Scottish | Kufikira 1.5 m, owongoka. Zosiyanasiyana: Flamenco, Moonlight, Crystal Shine. | Zotayika, zazikulu. | Kwapamwamba kwambiri, mitundu yoposa 60 ya mitundu yonse ya utawaleza, imaphwanya mpaka 80 cm. |
| Zokongola | 1,8 m, chilili, malo okhala, masamba. | Palmate, wopatidwa magawo asanu, mano. | Buluu, pamakhala 2 cm, wandiweyani, pakati wakuda, maburashi akuda. |
| Marita | Zokongoletsa, zosagwira chisanu, zazitali. Zosiyanasiyana: Morpheus, Labu wabuluu, kuwala kwa dzuwa kwa Pinki, Chipale chofewa. | Chachikulu, chamdima. | Zowirikiza pawiri, zazikulu ndi maziko owala |
Kukula delphinium kuchokera kumbewu: nthawi yobzala
Mbeu za Delphinium zimataya kumera mwachangu, kotero kuti zomwe zimagulidwa nthawi zina sizimamera konse.
Alimi ambiri amakonda kutola mbewu zawo kenako kumera mbewu.
- Asanadzalemo, amasungidwa mufiriji.
- Kubzala kumachitika mu February.
- Zomera zobzala zimasiyanitsidwa ndikuziyika mu yankho la pinki la manganese kwa theka la ola kapena kuthandizidwa ndikukonzekera fungicidal.
- Ndasambitsa ndimadzi ozizira. Amathandizidwa ndi chowonjezera chowonjezera kwa maola 24.
- Dothi losakanikirana limakonzedwa kuchokera ku peat, dothi la m'munda, humus ndi mchenga, mu chiyerekezo cha 2: 2: 2: 1.
- Inayesedwa dothi kuti liwononge tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi udzu spores.
- Zina zimagwiridwa kuchokera ku tizilombo tating'onoting'ono m'njira yomweyo monga mbewu, zodzazidwa ndi dziko lapansi.
- Mbeu za Delphinium zimafesedwa pamtunda. Amagona ndi dothi masentimita 1.5. Pangani dothi. Thirani madzi pofesa.
- Amakutira ndi pulasitiki wokutira, galasi kapena spanbond, kenako ndi chophimba chakuda chomwe sichikutulutsa.
- Ikani mabokosi okhala ndi mbewu pawindo. Kutentha kwa kukula + 10 ... +15 ºC.
- Kuchulukitsa kumera, kuphatikizika kumachitika, ndikumatenga mbewu ku khonde lotsekedwa kwa masiku 14. Bweretsani mabokosi pawindo.
- Nthawi ndi nthawi muzifufuza miphika. Ngati dothi lauma, utsi. Ngati kuli konyowa, dulani mpweya kuti muchepetse kuvunda.
- Pambuyo pa masabata 1-2, atawonekera mphukira yoyamba, zida zoteteza zimachotsedwa, kupatsa mbewu mwayi wopepuka.
- Masamba atatu owona akaoneka, mbande zimadulidwa. Zomera zowonjezera zimasinthidwa mumiphika ndi mulifupi wa 9 cm.
- Kamodzi pa sabata kapena dothi louma likathiriridwa, kupewa kuthirira kwamadzi.
- Pa kukula kwa mmera, kamodzi pakatha masiku 14, kuvala mizu ndi feteleza wa mchere kumachitika.
Mu sabata yoyamba ya Meyi, mbewu zimayikidwa pa loggia yowala, kuyikidwa pamalo owala. Nthawi ndi nthawi, khonde limakhazikika kuti lizolowera mbande kuti lizipeza mpweya.
Ngati mabokosi amaluwa ali kale mdzikolo, amaikidwa pafupi ndi khoma lotentha ndikuphimbidwa ndi spanbond. Pakumapeto kwa masika, mbande zimasunthidwa kuti zikhale zotseguka kuti zisasokoneze mizu.
Kubzala dolphinium poyera
Asanabzale, amakonza dothi mwakukumba ndikuyambitsa humus kapena manyowa. Kenako pangani maenje okufika pa mtunda wa 80 masentimita, ikani feteleza mwa iwo, mwachitsanzo, ammonium nitrate.
Zomera zimatha kuchoka pamiphika, kuyesera kuti zisawononge mizu. Madzi, mulch nthaka ndi utuchi kapena udzu wouma.
Kuti chikhale cholimba kwambiri, chimamangidwa ndikuthandizira. Ndodo zitatu pachitsamba chilichonse zakuthwa ndikuthamangitsidwira pansi kupitilira mizu. Osamangirira maleza kapena nsalu.
Mawaya sagwiritsidwa ntchito, chifukwa amatha kuwononga maluwa.
Chisamaliro cha Dolphin
Fern amasamalidwa, komanso maluwa ena. Nthawi ndi nthawi mumamasula dothi, chotsani namsongole. Zomera zikafika pamtunda woposa masentimita 30, tchire limasweka, kusiya masamba olimba kwambiri. Zofowoka zimaponyedwa kunja, ndipo zodulidwa zimadulidwa kuchokera kwa ena ndikumera. Njira yochotsera mphukira zofowoka imakupatsani mwayi kuti mulowe mkati mwa chitsamba kuti mupewe matenda oyenda ndi imvi zowola ndi fusarium. Kenako amadzimangira pambuyo pa masentimita 40. Thirirani madzi sabata iliyonse, ndikuthira ndowa zitatu zamadzi. Kenako, nthaka ikauma, imakola.
Delphinium imasunthidwa nthawi ndi nthawi chifukwa cha matenda, chifukwa ufa wa powdery amawoneka nthawi yachilimwe.
Popewa mavuto kupanga potashi ndi phosphorous feteleza, fungicides.
Delphinium pambuyo maluwa
Kuti tikwaniritse maluwa kuchokera pachaka, malo amafesedwa, amathiridwa ndi kukonzedwanso kamodzi zaka zitatu.
Mukugwa, masamba achikasu atatha, delphinium imadulidwa, ndikusiya 30 cm. Chidacho chimakutidwa ndi dongo kapena phulusa kuti madzi asalowe mumachubo amiyeso. Mitundu yocheperako yozizira.
Kubzala kwa dolphinium
Mitundu ya pachaka imalandira mbande. Mphutsi zimatha kufalikira kudulidwa kapena kugawa chitsamba.
Kudula
Zodulidwa ndi chidendene zimadulidwa, gawo limathandizidwa ndi chowonjezera chowonjezera Kornevin kapena Zircon. Mchenga wosakanizika ndi peat wakonzedwa m'mabokosi okonzekeretsa. Ikani zodula pakona padziko lapansi, nyowetsani nthaka ndikuphimba ndi filimu kapena chophimba. Zidula zimamera mpaka masabata 6. Ndipo amadikiranso masiku 14 ena ndikusintha mbewuzo kuti zikhale maluwa.
Kugawanitsa
Gulani mu Ogasiti. Pakugawa, tchire lazaka zinayi amasankhidwa. Amakungidwa ndi kuduladula ndi mpeni. Gawo limakonkhedwa ndi phulusa kapena chowonjezera chokupatsani mphamvu. Kenako amafukula pamalo osatha, kutsatira malamulo obzala.
A Dachnik achenjeza: matenda a delphinium ndi kulimbana nawo
Ndi chisamaliro chabwino komanso nyengo yabwino, fern amasangalatsa mwiniwake wamaluwa.
Koma nthawi zina pomwe masamba kapena masamba amawonekera pachomera, amawuma. Kenako duwa limayang'aniridwa matenda ndikuthandizidwa.
- Astral jaundice amanyamulidwa ndi tizilombo. Zomera zodwala zimachotsedwa.
- Kuyika mawanga. Pali imfa ya masamba ndi kukula wodabwitsa. Pachitsamba, tizilombo tomwe timanyamula matendawa ndi masamba amakhudzidwa timachotsedwa.
- Khungu lowoneka limayamba kukhala nyengo yabwino yonyowa. Zodwala zimawonongeka, mu kugwa amachotsa zinyalala mozungulira mbewuyo.
- Bakiteriya wofuna kumabweretsa khungu lakumunsi kwa tsinde, mapangidwe a ntchofu. Chimayambira chifukwa chobzala mosayenera mbeu. Zisanaphuke, njere zimasungidwa m'madzi otentha.
