Alstroemeria (alstroemeria) - mbewu za Rhizome ndi tuberous herbaceous ndi am'banja la Alstremeriev. Malo ogawa - South America.
Kufotokozera kwa Alstroemeria
Alstremerias ndi osatha ndi mizere yozungulira yooneka ngati zipatso. Tsinde limakhala losinthika, lowongoka, lokhala ndi mzere, masamba athunthu amitundu iwiri: yayikulu (yopanga) kumtunda ndi yaying'ono, yogawidwa pamizu yonseyo, kubereka.
Palinso mawonekedwe ena apadera mu Alstroemerians onse - kubwezeretsanso, pakumakula kwa petioles amapotozedwa mpaka 180 °. Maambulera inflorescence ochokera pamasamba 5 a maluwa ofanana ndi kakombo, pa imodzi yake pali masamba 30. Mtundu wawo ndi wosiyana kwambiri, koma pafupifupi aliyense ali ndi mawonekedwe.
Kupangika kumachitika ndi tizilombo komanso mphepo. Bokosi la zipatso limapangidwa, lomwe, litatsegulidwa nthawi yakucha, limakhetsa mbewu pafupi ndi chomera.
Mitundu ndi mitundu ya alstroemeria
Mitundu yosinthidwa kwambiri ndi mitundu iyi:
| Onani | Kufotokozera | Maluwa Maluwa |
| Kukongola | Tsinde kutalika 1 m 70 cm. | Lilac. Chapakatikati, ndi chisamaliro chabwino, yachiwiri ndiyotheka. |
| Wagolide | 1 mamilimita 50. Ogonjetsedwa ndi chisanu (mpaka -12 ° C). | Utoto wamitundu yosiyanasiyana yachikaso. Juni - Ogasiti. |
| Malalanje | Masentimita 90. Masamba ali ndi imvi pansi. Zosiyanasiyana: Lutea (mtundu wachikasu), Orange King (lalanje, wokonda kutentha, amafunika pogona nyengo yozizira), Dover Orange (wofiira-lalanje). | Orange. Midsummer - Midsummer. |
| Akatswiri A Princess | 30-70 masentimita. Chikhalidwe chabwino kwambiri cha mbiya chokula m'maluwa amaluwa, chokongoletsera makonde ndi masitepe. | Violet, wokhala ndi khosi la mmero wachikasu-rasipiberi. Kumayambiriro kasupe - woyamba chisanu. |
| Peruvia | 80-90 masentimita. Zima-yozizira (kutentha kwakanthawi kochepa mpaka -20 ° C, koma pakatikati pa rhizome ndiyofunikira kukumba). | Wosakhwima pinki ndi wachikasu mumaso amtundu wakuda. Chilimwe chonse. |
| Wachi Brazil | Kutalika mpaka mamita 2. | Mkuwa wamkuwa. Masika ndi chilimwe. |
| Wophatikiza Regina | 1-1.5 m. Ambiri. Stalk yolunjika ndi masamba obiriwira a lanceolate. | Pinki ndi mizere ya bulauni. Mapeto a June - pakati pa Seputembala. |
| Virginia | Masentimita 70. Mphukira zazikulu zamphamvu. | Mikwingwirima yayikulu, yoyera mkati. Juni - Novembala (kapena chisanu choyamba). |
Kusamalira kunyumba kwa alstroemeria
Alstroemeria imakula bwino m'nyumba, malinga ndi malamulo ena:
- Mpweya wa duwa ndi wautali (wooneka ngati wozungulira), motero amatenga chidebe chakuya, osachepera 30 cm, wokhala ndi dzenje lakutsanulira.
- Malowa ndi dzuwa, koma amatetezedwa ku nthano zachindunji.
- M'nyengo yozizira - kutali ndi Kutentha.
- Kuthirira - wokhazikika pambuyo pa masiku atatu, m'chilimwe - pafupipafupi, koma modekha. Ikani madzi okhazikika.
- Kumwaza mankhwala tsiku lililonse.
- Dothi: tsamba, peat, humus, makungwa a paini (2: 1: 1: 1).
- Kuvala kwapamwamba - ndi feteleza wa phosphorous-potaziyamu (ochepera), pakalibe maluwa, koma ndi masamba ochulukirapo - sinthani feteleza kapena musiye kudyetsa.
- Kupatsira kwachaka mu kasupe.
Kubzala ndi kusamalira alstroemeria poyera
Za kukula m'munda pogwiritsa ntchito mitundu yayitali (Kukongola, Golide, Peruvia, Orange King).
Kubalana ndi kubzala kwa alstroemeria
Zogawidwa ndi mbewu ndi kugawa kwa ma rhizomes. Mbewu zofesedwa mu Epulo, maluwa amatuluka mchaka chachitatu. Pakumapeto kwa masika, ma chulu kapena ma cell akuluakulu amadzalidwa, osiyanitsidwa ndi chitsamba ndi mpeni wakuthwa:
- Sankhani malo padzuwa kapena ngati mthunzi, malo achitetezo, ofunda.
- Gawani manyowa ambiri ndikutsekeka pansi. Dothi lolemera limasintha ndi mchenga.
- Kumbani mabowo masentimita 15-20 mpaka 30-50 cm.
- M'dzenje lirilonse iwo amabzala chimodzi, kuwongola mizu.
- Amagona, kugona ndi mulch (peat, masamba owuma).
Chisamaliro chinanso
Kusamalira mbewu pambuyo pake ndi motere:
- Ma alstroemeria okwera amathandizidwa ndi ma mesh opitilira patali.
- Thirirani madzi pafupipafupi.
- Maluwa asanafike maluwa, amadyetsedwa ndi feteleza amadzimadzi otulutsa maluwa okhala ndi potaziyamu yambiri.
- Kenako mlungu uliwonse ndimavalidwe ovuta okhala ndi zinthu zochepa za nayitrogeni.
- Mukugwa - kudula zimayambira, kusiya zosaposa 10 cm, kuphimba ndi khungwa, masamba owuma, filimu, nthambi za spruce.
- M'nthawi yozizira, ma conizomezi amakumbidwa mu Okutobala ndipo amawuma. Tubers imasungidwa pa kutentha kochepa, osapitirira +8 ° C, koma osatsika kuposa 0 ° C m'mabokosi okhala ndi nthaka.
Zomera zazikuluzikulu zomwe nthawi yozizira zimapereka zikumera kumayambiriro kwa masika motero zimatha kufa kuchokera ku chisanu, koma zimaphukiranso kutentha kukadzayamba.
Matenda ndi tizirombo ta alstroemeria
Zomera sizigwirizana ndi matenda ndipo sizivuta kugwidwa ndi tizilombo. Koma ndi zovuta zosamalira odwala ndizotheka.
| Mawonekedwe | Zifukwa | Njira zoyesera | |
| Chikwangwani. | Gray zowola chifukwa chothirira kwambiri. | Chotsani mbali zomwe zakhudzidwa. Amapanga mbewu ndi nthaka ndi fungicides (Fundazol, Maxim). Wodwala kwambiri amawonongedwa. | |
| Web, tizilombo. | Spider nthata. | Aliwazidwa ndi Actellik, Aktara, Akarina, adzakuthandizani polimbana ndi tizilombo tina tovulaza. | |
| Mahatchi pamasamba. | Maonekedwe ofiira ofiira. | Amphaka. | |
| Zovala zolimba. | Slug. | Mulch ndi khungwa lalikulu ndikulowetsa mu dzenje ndi miyala ya miyala. | |
Kufutukula moyo wa maluwa a alstroemeria
Maluwa a Alstroemeria atadula amasunganso kukongola kwake kwa pafupifupi milungu iwiri, koma chifukwa cha ichi ndikofunikira kusamalira bwino ndikukhala ndi maluwa a alstroemeria.
Maluwa amadulidwa, pomwe masamba akungoyamba kutsegula, masamba ambiri amachotsedwa. Khalani ndi kutentha kwa + 5 ... +7 ° C, mwachitsanzo, pafupi ndi chowongolera mpweya. Madzi amasinthidwa tsiku lililonse ndikuyeretsa, kukhazikika (kuwonjezera citric acid, viniga kapena ammonia), vasetiyi amatetedwa. Masamba ophuka amachotsedwa nthawi zonse. Mutha kudyetsa ndi zowonjezera zamaluwa (Bud, Vitant).
