Pushkinia kapena kachulukidwe kakang'ono ndi chomera chokongoletsera chosatha kuchokera ku banja la katsitsumzukwa. Poyambirira kuchokera ku mitengo yayikulu ya Caucasian, primrose iyi tsopano imakulitsidwa m'zipinda zamalimwe komanso imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mawonekedwe.
Kufotokozera
Maluwa ofanana ndi Pushkinia amasonkhanitsidwa m'miyala ya inflemose pamtengo wokwera masentimita 15 mpaka 20. Amasiyana mtundu kuchokera pamtambo wamtambo wobiriwira mpaka woyera, wokhala ndi mzere wowala wabuluu kapena wamiyendo. Amanunkhiza ofooka koma osangalatsa. Pafupi ndi pansi pali miyala iwiri kapena itatu yakuda ndi yonyezimira ya xiphoid. Rhizome imawoneka ngati babu la scaly.
Mitundu ndi mitundu
Pakusamalira maluwa, mitundu itatu yayikulu ya mbewuyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito:
- Pushkinia scaphoid (Puschkinia scilloides var. Scilloides) ali ndi zazing'ono, pafupifupi 2 cm, maluwa. Limamasula kumapeto kwa Epulo ndi Meyi 15-20 masiku.
- Lebese Pushkin kapena Libanotica (Puschkinia scilloides var. Libanotica), gulu lomwe limasungidwa, limasiyanitsidwa ndi maluwa akuluakulu ndi korona wamiyendo isanu ndi umodzi wopangidwa ndi lobes yoyambira. Mitundu yotchuka ya Alba ndi yake, imawoneka ndi maluwa akuluakulu (mpaka 8 cm) a mtundu woyera woyera.
- Pushkinia hyacinth-mawonekedwe (Puschkinia scilloides var. Hyacinthoides) ndi ochepa kutalika (10-15 cm), koma amatha kupanga ma peduncle anayi, okhala ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono, okhala ngati ma hyacinth. Mtunduwu umakonda kuphuka patatha sabata limodzi kuposa prolesciform.
Kunja kofikira
Pushkinia ndi mbewu yosatha, ndipo ali ndi zaka 4-5 zaka chisa chamagulu anyezi angapo kuzungulira babu. Ayenera kukumbidwa kumayambiriro kwa nthawi yophukira, asanasiyanitsidwe ndi chisa.
Kukonzekeretsa kubzala
Mababu okonzekera kubzala amayenera kupatulidwa, kutsukidwa pansi ndi mamba owonjezera, ndikuwuma bwino. Koma muyenera kuganizira kuti sizitha kusungidwa kwanthawi yayitali - ziyenera kubzalidwa pamalo otseguka posachedwa.
Nthawi yayitali
Nthawi yoyenera kunyamula imachokera pa Seputembara 15 mpaka Okutobala 15.
Malo ndi dothi
Pushkinia imakonda kumera padzuwa, chifukwa chake malo obzala ayenera kusankhidwa osasunthidwa, koma nthawi yomweyo amatetezedwa ndi mphepo. Komanso, musabzale maluwa pafupi ndi pansi pamadzi - ndiowopsa pamizu.
Mtengowo umafuna nthaka yabwino, chifukwa chake ngati dothi lomwe lili pamalowo silikhala lopatsa thanzi kuti limere Pushkin, sizingakhale zopindulitsa kugula zinthu zosakaniza bwino zobzala.
Mababu obzalidwa bwino mizu pafupifupi milungu iwiri.
Kutambalala
Dothi likakonzedwa - litasungunuka ndikumasulidwa, mutha kuyamba kubzala:
- Kumbani dzenje lakuya masentimita 15 - kukula kwake kudzatengera kuchuluka kwa mababu omwe anakonzedwa.
- Finyirani pansi ndi mchenga, kuphimba ndi kompositi ndikuwonjezera miyala kapena miyala yamatope yoyenera pamwamba.
- Gawani mababuwo mtunda wa 5-10 cm kuchokera kwa wina ndi mnzake.
- Finyani mbande ndi nthaka, mutaganizira kuti sizikhala pansi kwambiri.
- Pendekera ndikuthilira dziko lapansi.
Kusamalira dimba
Ngakhale zochulukirapo zofunika kubzala ndi nthaka, chisamaliro cha Pushkinia ndichabwino kwambiri.
Kuthirira
Sikufunika kuthirira chomera nthawi zambiri, pokhapokha ngati kuli kouma, ngakhale nthawi yamaluwa, muyenera kuchita izi pafupipafupi. Dothi lamadzi liyenera kumasulidwa nthawi iliyonse.
Mavalidwe apamwamba
Kuti muwonetsetse kukula bwino kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, feteleza wa nayitrogeni ndi potaziyamu amagawidwa mwachindunji pa chipale chofewa chomwe Pushkinia imadzuka. Gawo lachiwiri la kudya limachitika pambuyo pakupanga masamba - chifukwa cha izi ma mineral complexes agwiritsidwa ntchito.
Zosamalidwa
Nyengo zodziwikiratu zimasiyana ndi zomwe zimachitika Pushkinia, chisamaliro chofunikira chomwe chimafuna:
- Mu June-Julayi, mbewu zosefera zifota. Gawo lomwe linali pamwamba pamalopo liyenera kuchotsedwa pomwepo, koma malowo ndi mababu ayenera kusungidwa nthawi yonseyo: kumasula dothi, udzu komanso nthawi zina madzi. Kuti zitheke, komwe bulb ikhoza kuwonetsedwa.
- Popeza kuchepetsedwa chisanu, mu Seputembara-Okutobala, malo omwe akutsikira adakonzekera nyengo yozizira pogwiritsa ntchito mulching.
- Zomera zomwe zafika zaka zisanu, ndikofunikira kukumba ndikulekanitsa "zisa" zopangika.
Kuswana
Pushkinia imatha kuswana m'njira ziwiri:
- Mababu ndiye njira yabwino kwambiri kwa alimi. Chomera chilichonse chomwe chafika zaka 4-5 ndizokonzeka.
- Mbewu ndizodalirika. Choyamba, zinthu zomwe zimasungidwa ndi njere zokhwima zimakopa nyerere. Izi zimatsogolera pakutha kwa mbande zambiri. Kachiwiri, mphukira zomwe zimamera m'mbewu zimakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi zovuta zachilengedwe, zimafuna chisamaliro chambiri ndikuziteteza ndikuyamba kuphuka mchaka chachinayi mutatha kumera.
Kusunga Bulb
Kudulira mababu okhwima kumachitika pokhapokha ngati masamba onse atha, koma osachedwa. Chisa chomwe chimakumbidwa kuchokera pansi chimagawika, chouma m'malo osungunuka kenako ndikuchotsa dothi.
Kenako, mababuwo amasankhidwa kuti asungidwe m'magulu awiri:
- Zokulirapo, zokhala ndi masikelo, zitha kusungidwa m'chipinda chouma pamtunda wocheperako, koma osakhalitsa - chitetezo chawo chimakhala chochepa kwambiri ndipo chiyenera kubzalidwa posachedwa.
- Mababu ang'onoang'ono, osalala amayenera kukhwima nthawi zina - chifukwa amatha kuikapo nkhuni zokutira bwino kapena pilo.
Tizilombo ndi matenda
Pali zoopsa zitatu m'gawo la chomera.
| Vutoli | Kufotokozera | Njira Zothetsera |
| Zodzikongoletsera | Makoswe am'munda ndi makoswe ena ochepa amadya mababu ndi mphukira zazing'ono. | Kukhazikitsa patsamba la baits ndi ziphe zapadera. |
| Mafunso | Zitsamba zotsogola zimawononga babu. | Tilima musanalime ndi zinthu zapadera komanso kusungunuka kwawo m'madzi kuthirira. |
| Matenda oyamba ndi mafangasi | Amawona malo amdima pamasamba, kutulutsa chilala komanso kusilira msanga. | Kufufuza mababu musanadzalemo ndi yofooka njira ya potaziyamu permanganate, ndipo masamba ndi zimayambira ndi kukonzekera zamkuwa. Kuwonongeka komweko kwa matenda omwe ali ndi kachilombo limodzi ndi nthaka kuti matenda asafalikire. |
Kusokonezeka
Pushkinia amenable to distillation kunyumba. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera mphika wamaluwa wokhazikika wokhala ndi chisakanizo cha mchenga, mchenga ndi humus muyezo woyenerana ndi 2: 1: 1. Mababu a 3-4 amayikidwa mu osakaniza okonzedwa mu Novembala ndipo poto imasungidwa kwa miyezi ingapo m'malo amdima, ozizira komanso otentha.
Pambuyo pake, amasamukira ku chipinda chowala, chopanda bwino ndikuthirira madzi nthawi zonse. Zotsatira zamatsenga zamtunduwu, mbewuyo imatuluka ndipo limamasula, kosangalatsa m'maso nthawi yozizira.
A Dachnik akuvomereza: gwiritsani ntchito popanga mawonekedwe
Masamba obiriwira obiriwira amagwirizana bwino ndi mbewu za coniferous.
Okonza amalimbikitsa kuti asamagwiritse ntchito pokhapokha ngati maluwa, komanso zokongoletsera zazitali ndi njira zaminda.
Popeza Pushkinia imazirala msanga, chikhala chanzeru kuphatikiza ndi zipatso zomwe zimamera pachilimwe. Kusuntha kotereku kudzapangitsa kuti nyengo isinthe bwino: nyengo yotseka m'munda wobiriwira wamiyala yamaluwa yomwe yangomasulidwa ku chisanu idzalowedwa m'malo ndi zipolowe za mitundu yotentha zomwe zimaphimba primroses.
