Pachistahis - chisamaliro chakunyumba, chithunzi

Pachistachis (Pachystachys) - shrub osatha wobiriwira Ochokera ku South America: kwawo ndi nkhalango zotentha za Mexico ndi Peru. Mwachilengedwe, mbewu imatha kukula pamlingo waukulu, kutalika mpaka mamitala angapo ndikupanga korona wolimba.

Ndi zomwe zili m'chipinda, pachistachis chimayamba pang'onopang'ono, ndikuwonjezera kukula kwa 8-13 cm pachaka. Kunyumba, osapanga kudulira, amatha kukula mpaka kutalika kwa masentimita 120.

Mawonekedwe apadera a chitsamba: mphukira zopyapyala zolimba kwambiri, masamba obiriwira otalika odzindikira obiriwira komanso ma inflorescence ochititsa chidwi - "makutu" a chikasu chagolide kapena ofiira owala.

	Pang'onopang'ono kukula. Kwa nyengo imodzi, mbewuyi imawonjezera masentimita 10 mpaka 13.
	Limamasula m'chilimwe. Ma inflorescence omwe anazimiririka akuyenera kuchotsedwa.
	Zomera ndizosavuta kukula.
	Chomera chosatha.

Zothandiza zimatha pachistachis

Popeza pachistachis ndi poizoni, mtengo wa olima wamaluwa umangokhala mu zokongola zake. Chitsamba chobiriwira cha pachistachis, chomwe chili ndi korona wachilendo, chimatha kudzikongoletsa chokha osati nyumba kapena nyumba, komanso chimawoneka bwino m'makalasi, maofesi, malo owerengera ndi malo ena apagulu.

Kusamalira Nyumba Pachistachis (Mwachidule)

Kutentha	M'miyezi yotentha - 21-24 ° C, ndikayamba nyengo yachisanu, kutentha kuyenera kutsitsidwa mpaka 15-18 ° C.
Chinyezi cha mpweya	50% ndi pamwambapa. Zomera zimavomera kupopera mbewu chaka chonse ndi madzi ofewa.
Kuwala	Yabwino, yabalalika. Malo oyenera kwambiri ndi maluwa ndiwo mawonekedwe awindo lakum'mawa, akamakula pazenera lakumwera, shading ikufunika.
Kuthirira	Wokhazikika, wofatsa, wopanda kusefukira komanso kusokonekera kwa matope osalala. M'chilimwe, mbewu zimamwetsedwa masiku atatu aliwonse, nthawi yozizira - masiku 10-14 aliwonse.
Dothi	Wopepuka, wopumira. Pazomera, mutha kugula gawo limodzi kuti lisinthidwe ndi zosowa zake kapena kukonzanso dothi nokha, mutenga gawo limodzi la sod, mchenga ndi perlite ndikusakaniza ndi magawo awiri a peat kapena tsamba latsamba. Kuti musinthane ndi mizu yabwino, dothi lokwanira limatsanuliridwa pansi pamphika.
Feteleza ndi feteleza	Pokhapokha nthawi yogwira ntchito (nthawi yachilimwe), osapitirira nthawi imodzi mu masabata a 3-4.
Thirani	Pachaka, pakati pa masika. Mosasamala nthawi ya chaka, mbewu zomwe zidagulidwa m'sitolo zimafunikira zina.
Kuswana	Kudula. Nthawi zambiri mizu yotsalira ikadulira. Kuti achite izi, amawaika mumbale zokhala ndi gawo lonyowa lotsekedwa ndipo atakutidwa ndi galasi kapena polyethylene kwa milungu itatu, kuwapatsa madzi othirira komanso kutentha kwa mpweya pafupifupi 24 ° C.
Kukula Zinthu	Mphukira imakhala yotambasuka kwambiri, chifukwa kukula pachistachis kunyumba, muyenera kulabadira kupanga kudulira kwa mbewuyo, apo ayi imataya zinthu zake zokongoletsa mwachangu. Pachistachis sakonda kusodza, kuwayankha ndikutaya masamba kwambiri, choncho maluwa ayenera kuyikidwa kutali ndi mazenera otseguka. M'nyengo yotentha, mbewu zimatha kutengedwera kunja, kuti zizipanga mthunzi kuchokera ku dzuwa

Kusamalira pachistachis kunyumba (mwatsatanetsatane)

Tikufika

Kubzala koyambirira kwa pachistachis kumathandizira kwambiri pakukula kwake, ngakhale sizovuta. Mbewuyi imabzalidwe m'nthaka yapadera, yomwe kale imathilitsidwa ndi kukonzekera kwachilengedwe. Pachistachis amasakaniza bwino zokongoletsera kapena maluwa.

Mutabzala, chitsamba chimathiriridwa madzi ambiri kotero kuti mizu imawongoka munthaka. Pakatha masiku angapo, mmera pang'onopang'ono umayamba kuzolowera kuwala kwa dzuwa komanso kuthirira nthawi zonse.

Maluwa

Mwachilengedwe, pachistachis pachimake chaka chonse, mkati mwake, maluwa ake nthawi zambiri amatenga pakati pa chisanu mpaka pakati pa nthawi yophukira. Ma inflorescence a chomera amafanana ndi makutu olimba, mawonekedwe awo achikasu owoneka bwino, omwe nthawi zambiri amalakwitsa pamaluwa amaluwa, amangochita mabulangete, kumene maluwa enieni amatulutsa - nondescript, spongy, whiteky.

Maluwa sakhala nthawi yayitali pamtengowo ndikubowoka mkati mwa masiku 3-4 atasungunuka, pomwe mabulangeki amasungabe kukongola kwawo komanso kwatsopano kwa masabata angapo.

Njira yotentha

Pachistachis, pokhala chomera chotentha, ndiotentha kwambiri, ndiye chifukwa chake nyengo yotentha kwambiri ndiyomwe ili: nthawi ya masamba yogwira pafupifupi 23 ° C (koma osati apamwamba kuposa 25 ° C - kutentha kumaletsa maluwa), nthawi yozizira - pafupifupi 16 ° C (koma osatsika kuposa 14 ° C) C, apo ayi mbewuyo imatha kufa ndi matenda a hypothermia.

Home pachistachis iyeneranso kutetezedwa ku zojambula ndi kusungidwa kutali ndi "magetsi" okutentha a zida zamagetsi.

Kuwaza

Malo okhala zachilengedwe a pachistachis amadziwika ndi mpweya wambiri, womwe umakhala wovuta kukhala nawo m'nyumba. Kuti chomera chikhale bwino kunyumba kapena muofesi, chimayenera kuthiridwa nthawi zonse ndi madzi ofunda ofunda.

Njirayi iyenera kuchitidwa chaka chonse ndi pafupipafupi kamodzi pakapita masiku atatu.

Kuwaza mbewu nthawi yamaluwa, chinyezi chikuyenera kupewedwa ku inflorescence.

Kuwala

Popeza mwapeza pachistachis, kumusamalira kunyumba kumayamba ndikusankha malo abwino "okhalamo" a duwa. Mlendo wotentha amakonda kwambiri kuwala kwadzuwa, koma kuchokera kumayendedwe achindunji amatha masamba, motero muyenera kuyika maluwa kum'mawa kapena kumpoto chakum'mawa. Pakakulitsa pachistachis kum'mwera kwazenera, mbewuyo imayenera kuzimitsidwa ndi dzuwa.

Kuthirira

Masamba a Pachistachis amasintha mofulumira chinyezi, chifukwa chake chomera kuthirira nthawi zonse kumafunika: M'chilimwe - masiku atatu aliwonse, nthawi yozizira - osachepera 1 nthawi 10 masiku. Ngati mulibe chinyezi chokwanira, duwa lokha lizidziwitsa wolandirayo: madziwo akatuluka m'nthaka, kolona wa pachistachis amayamba kutaya tugor, masamba amathothoka ndikugwa.

Sikoyenera kuyesa kupirira kwa chomera, chifukwa ngakhale mutatha kuthirira kwambiri, duwa louma silitha kubwezeretsa mwachangu mawonekedwe ake akale, ndipo masamba omwe adayamba kale atuluka posachedwa.

Dothi la Pachistachis

Dothi losankhidwa bwino ndilo gawo lofunika kwambiri pakukula bwino komanso koyenera kwa chitistachis. Dothi loti lizikhala lotayirira komanso lokha acidic. Mutha kukonzekera gawo lapansi kunyumba ndikusakaniza turf, peat, humus, dothi lamasamba ndi mchenga mu chiyerekezo cha 2: 1: 1: 1: 1.

Kusinthana kwachilendo kwa mizu kumatsimikiziridwa pogwiritsa ntchito dongo lokwera lomwe limatsanulidwa pansi pamphika ndi dothi lakuda.

Feteleza ndi feteleza

Kukula pachistachis kunyumba, muyenera kusamalira zakudya zoyenera za mbewu nthawi zonse za chitukuko. Nthawi yoyenera kwambiri yodyetsa ndi nthawi yogwira ntchito, kuyambira nthawi yophukira mpaka nthawi yophukira.

Patulani maluwa ndi kukonzekera kosavuta masabata atatu aliwonse mpaka isanayambike. Asanakhale feteleza, dothi lomwe lili mumphika limathiriridwa madzi ambiri kuti mizu yake ikhale bwino ndi michere.

Kupatsirana kwa Pachistachis

Alimi okhwima amalangizidwa kuti azisinthira ana pachistachis chaka chilichonse., ndi mbewu zomwe zafika zaka 4 - kamodzi zaka 2-3 kapena kuposerapo, zikuyang'ana mkhalidwe wamba wamatchire. Ngati pachistachis chadzaza mumphika, masamba ake amafota, ndipo ngati atakula, korona amatha kukhala wochepa thupi chifukwa cha masamba owuma komanso owuma.

Zikatero, mbewuyo imafunikira kuiwika mumphika wokulirapo. Dothi kapena malasha okulirapo amatsanuliridwa muchidebe chatsopano cha masentimita atatu, ndiye kuti mumphika umadzazidwa ndi michere ndipo mbewuyo imasunthira mmenemo, kupatsirana kumatsirizidwa ndikuthirira kambiri.

Kudulira

Kuti duwa la pachistachis likhale labwino komanso lodziwika bwino panyumba, mphukira zake zazitali ziyenera kudulidwa komanso kupindika. Kudulira koyamba kumachitika patali pafupifupi 15 cm kuchokera pansi. Mphukira zatsopano zantchitoyi zimakhwinyidwanso pamtunda wa masamba achitatu pamwamba pa masamba. Momwemonso zitha kuchitidwa pamiyeso yotsatira ya korona.

Zing'ono zochepa chabe pachaka ndizokwanira kupanga chitsamba chobiriwira cha pachistachis ndi chisoti chachilendo ndi mawonekedwe.

Kufalikira kwa pachistachis ndi odulidwa

Panthawi yaulimi wamkati, pachistachis imafalitsidwa ndi kudulidwa. Zomera zobzala zimakololedwa nthawi yamasika ikadulira mbewu. Kuti mupeze mizu, zodulidwa ndi ma home awiri (ndiye kuti, kukhala ndi timapepala tiwiri) timasankhidwa. Kukula kwa mizu kumachitika makamaka m'madzi wamba, koma zodula zitha kuzikika mu gawo lililonse lonyowa, lotayirira.

Kuti zizike mizu mogwira mtima, zodula zimapanga malo apadera obiriwira, ophimba ndi chidebe ndi zinthu zobzala ndi filimu kapena galasi. "Wowonjezera kutentha" woterewu uyenera kuthiriridwa ndi kuyatsidwa nthawi zonse. Ngati mbewu yokhazikika mwadzidzidzi ikayamba kugwa masamba - osadandaula, izi ndizabwinobwino. Mutha kupewa masamba kugwa ndikudula theka lake kuchokera kuduladula pasadakhale, koma palibe chifukwa chofunikira mwambowu.

Mizu yokhala ndi masamba athunthu nthawi zambiri imawonekera pamtundu wa masabata awiri ndi atatu. Pambuyo pa nthawi ino, mbande zazing'ono zingabzalidwe mumiphika zamaluwa zoyenera. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuyika zadula 3-4 mumphika uliwonse - kuti mbewuzo zizioneka zokongola komanso zowoneka bwino.

Matenda ndi Tizilombo

Pachistachis ndi mbewu yodalirika komanso yolimba, koma nthawi zina imakhudzanso mavuto ena azaumoyo:

fota masamba otsika pachistachis- duwa lilibe chinyezi chokwanira, ndikofunikira kusintha makatani;
masamba otsika a pachistachis amagwa - Uku ndi gawo lokhazikika la chomera ndi kukalamba kwa chomera, ndizotheka kuthana ndi masamba akugwa pokhapokha ngati kudulira kukalamba kwa chitsamba. Pachistachis amathanso kugwetsa mwadzidzidzi masamba motsogozedwa ndi kuzizira kapena kukonzekera;
pachistachis sichimera - maluwa amatulutsa kokha mphukira zazing'ono, kuti chomeracho chisangalatsenso ndi maluwa opepuka, ziyenera kupangidwanso ndi kudulira ndi kutsina. Kuphatikiza apo, mbewuyo singakhale ndi dzuwa lokwanira, pomwe limapangidwanso m'malo owala;
maluwa pachistachis kuvunda ndi kugwa - chinthu chosowa chomwe chimachitika chifukwa chakuthirira kosayenera ndi kukonzekera;
masamba otuwa pachistachis - Chizindikiro chosowa kuwala komanso chinyezi. Kubwezerani korona wolemera bwino kudzakuthandizani kuyatsa bwino komanso kutsirira pafupipafupi;
nsonga za masamba ziume ndi kutembenukira chikasu - kuchipinda komwe pachistachis kuli, mpweya wouma komanso wotentha kwambiri. Vutoli litha kuthana ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawo pafupipafupi ndi madzi ofewa.

Ogulitsa maluwa amathanso kudziwa kutalika kwachilengedwe kwa mphukira zamasamba, kudula masamba ndi maluwa - awa ndi mawonekedwe a magetsi osakwanira kuti athetse vutoli, pachistachis iyenera kupita kumalo ena dzuwa. Ndipo ngati mbewuyo yachedwa kukula kapena kuleka kukulitsa, malo osungirako zakudya adatha m'nthaka, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti pachistachis amafunika kudya mwachangu.

Maluwa ambiri ndipo nthawi zambiri amadwala obzalidwa ndi dothi lolemera kapena kuthilira madzi ochuluka. Kuyika kokha mu gawo latsopano lotayirira ndikutsatira mwamphamvu kumaboma a ulimi wothirira kungapulumutse chomera chomwe chadwala kale chisamaliro chosayenera.

Mwa tizilombo tosonyeza chidwi cha pachistachis, tizilombo totsatirazi ndi choopsa chachikulu ku mbewuyi:

kangaude;
mealybug;
kuchuluka kwa tizilombo ndi zovala zoyera;
kuponya.

Mitundu ya pachistachis yopanga ndi zithunzi ndi mayina

Mtundu wa pachistachis sungatchulidwe zambiri: uli ndi mitundu 12 yokha yomwe imasiyana mitundu, mawonekedwe a inflorescence, komanso kukula kwa chitsamba. Mitundu yotchuka kwambiri ndi chikasu pachistachis (Pachystachys lutea).

Pachistachis chikasu (Pachystachys lutea)

Pachistachis chikasu ndi chitsamba cha kutalika kwa mita imodzi chokhala ndi korona wowoneka bwino wopangidwa ndi mphukira zowoneka bwino. Masamba amtundu wobiriwira wakuda, owuira kwambiri ndi nsonga zochepetsedwa ndi mitsempha yosalala. Ma inflorescence amawoneka okongola ndi ma brichi achikaso owoneka bwino ndi maluwa ataliitali, opakidwa utoto woyera.

Mitundu ina yachilendo kwambiri ya pachistachis yomwe siimalimidwa kunyumba ndi yofiyira (yofera kwa coccina) ndi ya spike pachistachis (Pachystachys spicata).