Dzinja likamalowa pakati, mbewu zambiri zamaluwa zimayamba kale kuzimiririka, duwa lokhala ndi maluwa limawoneka louma komanso lopanda pake, limawononga mawonekedwe a chitsamba ndi dimba lonse. Izi ndizomwe zimachitika pamene Rhododendron yatulutsa, muyenera kuchita chiyani? Pansi pake amafotokozeredwa mwatsatanetsatane momwe angathere bwino kutchukira patatha maluwa ndikuwakonzekeretsa nyengo yachisanu.
Kufotokozera kwa Shrub
Mitundu yambiri yamaluwa ya maodododendrons amatchedwa azaleas. Zitha kukhala zowongolera komanso zobiriwira nthawi zonse. Zotsalazo ndizofala kwambiri m'nyumba zamaluwa zamaluwa ndipo zimalimidwa m'malo obiriwira. Azaleas opatsa chidwi amadziwika ndi kuuma kwambiri kwa dzinja, kukula pang'onopang'ono, nyengo yayitali yokukula, amafunika nthaka ndi acid yachilengedwe.
Zoyenera kuchita ndi Rhododendron mutatha maluwa
Zambiri! Kusiyana kwa botanical pakati pa azaleas ndi rhododendrons ndikuti maluwa a azaleas ali ndi stamens zisanu, ndi rhododendrons 7-10.
Ambiri wamaluwa ali ndi chidwi ndi kutalika kwa nthawi ya maluwa a Rhododendrons ndipo ngati kuli kofunikira kuti azidulira maluwa omwe azimiririka ku azalea ndi rhododendron m'chilimwe. Maluwa a mitundu yonse yayifupi - masabata awiri. Kudulira kwa ma Rhododendrons mutatha maluwa ndi nthawi yopanga thumba losunga mazira ndichofunikira ngati mbewu sizinaberekedwe kuti zitheke.
Momwe mungadulire azaleas mutatha maluwa
Madzi othothoka akazimiririka ndikutuluka ndi manja awo, amayamba kuyeretsa tchire pochotsa thumba losunga mazira. Chowonadi ndi chakuti ngati simumachotsa, thupi la mbewu limayamba kuwongolera mwamphamvu michere kuti ipange mbewu. Ngati pali ambiri a iwo, ndiye kuti izi zimachitika mopweteketsa kuyika maluwa kwa chaka chamawa.
Azalea wamfupi akuwombera pansi
Kuphatikiza apo, m'chilimwe mutatha maluwa, mutha kudula bwino mphukira zazitali zobiriwira kuti muwonjezere kukula kwa nthambiyo ndi kubala kwa chomera, ndikupangitsa mawonekedwe ake kuzungulira kapena conical. Kutalika kwake kumatalika kuyambira 5 mpaka 20 cm .. Ndikofunikira kumva impso zakugona pansi pa malo odulira. Izi zikuwonetsetsa kuti mphukira zatsopano zomwe zimapatsa masamba chaka chamawa.
Kufupikitsa zoonda kwambiri za apical
Mwa mazira, mphukira zazing'ono nthawi zambiri zimayamba kukula. Chochita pankhaniyi? Ndikulimbikitsidwa kubudula mphukira zazing'ono limodzi ndi thumba losunga mazira, popeza zimakulitsa chitsamba. Ngati pali kumverera kuti chitsamba sichimamera mokwanira, ndiye kuti mphukira zamphamvu kwambiri zimachoka.
Momwe mungadulire Rhododendron mutatha maluwa ngati chitsamba chidakalamba ndi nthambi zambiri za zaka 4-5? M'chilimwe mutha kugwira odulira okalamba bwino. Kuti muchite izi, nthambi zanthete zimadulidwa kutalika kwa mapangidwe a chitsamba - 30 mpaka 40 cm. Nthambi zimachetsedwanso: chifukwa chitsamba chophuka chimasiya nthambi 7, 7, kuti chitsamba chowoneka bwino - 3-5.
Kudulira okalamba-kudulira chilimwe
Mitundu Yokopa
Kuti mumveke bwino momwe mungapangire Rhododendron, muyenera kudziwa bwino mitundu ya kudulira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga chomera chokongoletsera.
Yambani
Uku ndi kudulira koyamba m'moyo wa chomera, komwe kumachitika ukabzyala pamalo okhazikika. Mulinso kufupikitsa nthambi ndi 1 / 3-1 / 4 kutalika komwe mbewuyo inali nayo ku nazale. Ndikofunika kukhazikitsa michere pakukula kwa chitsamba.
Zaukhondo
Imachitika pambuyo pa nthawi yachisanu, komanso nthawi yakula. Nthambi zowonongeka, zodwala kapena zosweka zimachotsedwa. Itha kuchitika pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo ndikudula kwathunthu "pa mphete" kapena kufupikitsa.
Anti-kukalamba
Imachitika m'mitengo ya zaka 15 - 20 kuti zithandizire kukulira kwa mphukira zatsopano ndikupanga maluwa ambiri. Itha kuchitika kumapeto kwa chilimwe, chilimwe mutatha maluwa kapena mochedwa yophukira isanachitike pogona.
Kupanga kudulira ndi kutsina kwa ma rhododendrons
Mapangidwe omaliza a tchire ayenera kumalizidwa mu zaka 3-4. Pofika pano, kuchuluka kwa nthambi zomwe zatsala ndikadulira pachaka komanso kutalika kwake kuyenera kutsimikizika bwino. Kukula kumapeto kwa chilimwe kungakhale masentimita 12 mpaka 15. Kupangidwe kolondola kwa chitsamba cha azalea kumawonetsedwa pachithunzipa.
Konzani azalea mapangidwe
Kusamalira pambuyo maluwa
Zomwe ziyenera kuchitidwa ndi Rhododendron mutatha maluwa ndikupitiliza kusamalira mbewu malinga ndi mapulani. Rhododendrons ndi azaleas ndi mbewu zomwe zimakonda chinyontho, m'madera ambiri zimavutika ndi chilala komanso nyengo yamvula.
Tcherani khutu! Muyenera kugula chizolowezi chopopera pamphepsa ndi siponji yaying'ono yamadzimadzi kapena popanda boom ndikuwatsanulira tsiku ndi tsiku malo otentha.
Kuphatikiza pa kuthirira, ndikofunikira kuyika nthaka m'nthaka ndikuwadyetsa. Ndikwabwino kugwiritsa ntchito singano za spruce kapena pine ndikulowetsa ngati mulch. Izi zachilengedwe zimapukusa nthaka. Pansi pa mulch, dothi silimaphwa, simungathe kuthirira ndi madzi, koma mungomwaza.
Zomwe mungagwiritse ntchito feteleza wa Rhododendrons
Chikhalidwe chokongoletsera sichimayika dothi lalikulu, chifukwa kulibe madera achilengedwe ake. Koma ndizosatheka kuzisiya popanda feteleza. Zisonyezero zakuti nthawi yakwana kuvala zovala zapamwamba ndikubweza, kuchepa kwa masamba, ndi utoto wamitundu ndi maluwa. Ngati mawanga achikasu amawoneka pamasamba, pomwepo kamasandulika bulauni, kumakhala kochepa thupi ndi misozi, izi zikuwonetsa kusowa kwa nayitrogeni ndi potaziyamu, ndi redness la tsamba - kusowa kwa phosphorous.
Chapakatikati, pa kasamalidwe ka Rhododendron ndi kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka kukula, ammonium nitrate imagwira bwino 30 30 g pa 1 m² ya thunthu bwalo. Pambuyo maluwa ndi kudulira thumba losunga mazira kupereka top mavalidwe mu mchere feteleza azofoska muyezo 20-30 g pa 1 m². Mu Ogasiti, superphosphate (15-20 g) ndi feteleza wopanda mchere wa potaziyamu, potaziyamu sulfate, 15-20 g pa 1 m² amafunikira.
Kukonzekera nthawi yozizira komanso pogona nyengo yachisanu
Rhododendrons ndiosagonjetsedwa ndi chisanu, ndipo cholinga chachikulu chokonzekera malo ogona nthawi yachisanu ndikuteteza masamba ophukira kuchokera ku chisanu mu kasupe ndikuteteza nthambi zomwe sizinakhwime pakugwa.
Zambiri! Rhododendrons amanyamula chisanu popanda malo mpaka −26 ° C, ndipo mitundu ya Finnish mpaka −40 ° C.
Asanakhazikike, tchire limadulidwa, ndikuchotsa nthawi yayitali komanso yopyapyala. Zowoneka bwino kwambiri zitha kukokedwa pang'ono limodzi ndi mapasa. Panja pamatopo pali waya kapena waya womwe umapangidwa pamwamba pake. Payenera kukhala danga la mpweya pansi pobisalira kuti masamba asawola ndipo mphukira zitha kudutsa gawo lomaliza la masamba. Chapakatikati, nthawi zambiri pansi pogona masamba achinyamata amayamba kutseguka ndikupanga masamba.
Kutseguka kwamtchire kumachitika pamene kuwopseza kwa madzi oundana kudutsa. Izi zimatha pang'onopang'ono. Choyamba, pamwamba pokhacho pamatsegulidwa, ndipo atatha masiku 7-10, zinthuzo zimatha kuchotsedwa pamalowo.
Zolemba pokonzekera nyengo yozizira m'magawo osiyanasiyana
M'madera, nthawi yosungira tchire imasiyana. Zimatengera nyengo ya nthawi yophukira. M'malo a m'mphepete mwa nyanja, nthawi yophukira ndi yotentha komanso yotentha, ndipo nthawi yozizira ndiyochepa. Pogona pa azaleas m'malo ngati amenewa sizingachitike. Koma ngati nthawi yophukira ili yayitali komanso youma, mwachitsanzo, kumwera kwa dera la Volga, ndiye kuti popanda tchuthi pobisalira palibenso zokwanira. Pansi pogona, chinyezi cha mlengalenga chidzakhala chokwera, ndipo mbewuzo zitha kulolera bwino dzinja. Munthawi yotentha ya m'chigawo cha Moscow ndi Western Siberia, ma Rhododendrons alibe masiku otentha okwanira kuti amalize kukula ndipo ayenera kuphimbidwa kale.
Momwe mungasungire mbewu ngati ili ndiuma
Sizachilendo kuti chomera cham'madzi chitha kutengedwa ku nazale mchaka, idaphuka, kenako rhododendron wokondedwa adayamba kuuma. Maluwa atachitika molingana ndi chizolowezi chomangira, mbewuyo siyithandiza kupirira, ndipo imapitilira kufota. Cholinga chake ndikuti mizu idapitilira gawo lakutali lomwe linali mchombo ndikuyamba kuchotsa michere m'nthaka ya malowo. Zochita zachilengedwe m'nthaka ya chiwembuchi komanso dothi lomangira siligwirizana, mbewuyo imayamba kufa.
Zofunika! Ngati rhododendron ibzalidwe m'nthaka yosaloledwa kapena yamchere ya sing'anga, peat iyenera kuwonjezeredwa ndikuthiriridwa ndi njira zowonjezera.
Njira yokhazikika ya acidifying ndiyosavuta kukonzekera powonjezera timabowo totulutsa asidi imodzi pa madzi okwanira 1 litre. Ngati dongosolo la ulimi wothirira madontho lakhazikitsidwa pamalowo, ndiye kuti madzi okhala ndi phosphoric acid amatha kuperekedwera timatumba. Kuchita izi kuthandizanso kukonza pH ya yankho pazama nthaka yofunikira ya 4.5-5 ndikuthandizanso kuyeretsa madzi akathiramo madzi kuchokera pazosungidwa zamchere ndi zotsekemera.
Chifukwa china chomwe ma Rhododendron amawuma ndi chinyezi chochepa cha mpweya wapansi. Ndikofunikira kusintha kwambiri chinyezi mderalo momwe chiwonetsero chake chikukulira, tidzakonzekeretsa rya ndi posungira. Rhododendrons amayankha motakasuka pafupi ndi madamu aang'ono pazifukwa zingapo:
- nthaka mizu mosavuta akupanga madzi kulowa chosungira ndipo anasungunuka michere;
- chinyezi cha mpweya pamtunda wa 1-1,5 m ndikuchita bwino;
- m'dzinja pambuyo pake chisanu chimapezeka m'deralo ndi matupi amadzi.
Ngati kukonkha kukonkha ndi kusungirako sikungatheke, kugwiritsa ntchito hydrogel kungathandize kupangitsa chinyezi kulowa muzu wa rhododendron. Ma granules amomwe amapangidwira ndi madzi ndi acidic ya sing'anga komanso kumizidwa mwakuya pakugawa mizu (8-12 cm). Izi ndizofunikira ngati mukufuna kuchoka.
Zambiri! Pellets za Hydrogel zimamasula chinyontho pang'onopang'ono, ndipo mbewu zimatha kukhala ndi moyo nyengo yonseyi popanda kuthirira.
Zolakwika zomwe zingachitike ndi zotsatira zake
Otsatirawa ndi zolakwika zotheka pokonza rhododendrons.
- Kudulira mochedwa kwambiri. Kudulira nthambi mu theka lachiwiri la chilimwe ndiwofundira chifukwa chakuti ndizotheka kuyambitsa kukula kwa mphukira kuchokera ku masamba omwe mbewu idayikira chaka chamawa. Mwakutero, chitsamba chimatha kuphuka nyengo yachisanu isanayambe. Mphukira zazing'ono sizikhala ndi nthawi yokonzekera, kukula makungwa owonda ndikupeza Hard Hard Hard.
- Kudulira kwambiri nthawi ya nyengo kumatha kubweretsanso zotsatirazi. Pa mphukira pali masamba omwe agona kwa zaka zambiri. Kuchokera kudulira kochulukirapo, amatha kudzuka, ndipo chitsamba chimayamba msanga msanga, kumaliza ntchito yake yonse ndi kufa. Kuti tipewe zoyipa ndi kufa kwa chitsamba, ndikofunikira kutsatira ulamuliro wodziyang'anira mukudulira nthambi.
- Kuphatikiza apo, muyenera kuyesa kudulira pamwamba pa impso, kupanga kudula kolondola. Ngati mumadula kwambiri impso, ndiye kuti mbali yake imafa, ndipo tchire limayamba kuwoneka loyipa.
- Kuti musonkhe nthanga, ndimasamba okhwima omwe amasankhidwa. Amasiyidwa, ndipo mozungulira perianth yowuma ndi magawo a maluwa amachotsedwa pamanja. Ngati kuli koyenera kuyipitsa mungu, ndiye kuti matumba a gauze amayikidwa pamaluwa kuti apewe kupukutidwa mwangozi ndi tchire loyandikana nalo. Kusintha kwamaluwa kumachitika ndi manja ndi mungu wamitundu yosankhidwa. Ichi ndi ntchito yosangalatsa, ngakhale zotsatira zake zimayenera kudikirira nthawi yayitali. Pomwe mbewu yatsopano imamera kuchokera kumaluwa ophuka mungu, imatenga zaka 4-5.
Zambiri! Osawopa kudulira ma rhododendrons. Kuchokera pamenepa, tchire limawoneka bwino kwambiri, ndipo tsamba lonselo lidzawoneka bwino komanso limawonjezera phindu.
