Zipatso ndi bizinesi: Kukula strawberries mu wowonjezera kutentha chaka chonse ndi phindu lopindulitsa

Mwatsopano strawberries ndi zokoma komanso zathanziKomabe, mungasangalale ndi miyezi ingapo pachaka.

Chofunika kwambiri - mtsutso waukulu kuti mumange bizinesi yanu.

Ngati mukukula strawberries mu wowonjezera kutentha, mukhoza kupereka banja ndi zipatso zatsopano pindulani bwino.

Kodi ndi wowonjezera kutentha kotani?

Ndibwino kuti mukuwerenga kukula kwa strawberries abwino wowonjezera kutentha kwa chitsulo chimangoamawotcha m'mapepala a polycarbonate. Alimi amatha kumanga nyumba zobiriwira zapakatikati (100 - 120 sq. M.). Polycarbonate ingalowe m'malo ndi filimu ya pulasitiki, koma zokutira izi ziyenera kusinthidwa zaka 1-2.

Zipinda zazikuluzikulu zambiri zimagwiritsa ntchito zobiriwira pazitsulo zamkuwa zophimbidwa ndi galasi. Ntchito yomanga padenga imakhalapo kuunikira kwabwino ndipo sichitha mu chisanu. Galasi imakhala yotentha kwambiri, koma imakhala yofunika kwambiri kuposa filimu ndi polycarbonate.

Frobberries amakula mu mafakitale momwe zimakhalira, kapena amagwiritsa ntchito luso lamakono la Dutch. Malo ogulitsa zitsamba za strawberries ndi kusungirako malo amasungira malo ndikuthandizira kukolola. Ndi kotheka kudzala tchire sitiroberi molunjika pansi.

Mankhwala a hydroponic amachepetsa mtengo, koma kwambiri kuwononga kukoma kwa zipatso. Amakhala ndi kakomedwe ka madzi omwe amatha kutulutsa. Kusunga pa Kutentha kumathandiza wowonjezera kutentha ndi khoma lopanda kanthu, lopangidwa ndi zitsulo zosungira. Kawirikawiri khoma la kumpoto limapangidwa osamva.

Zipindazi zimatetezera kutentha kwa mphepo kuchokera ku mphepo yozizira, kuwonjezera, zimatha kupereka kutentha kwina pa mfundo za dzuwa. Kutentha kutentha kumayenera kukhala ali ndi dongosolo loyendetsa ndi kuthirira ulimi wothirira, kuyatsa bwino.

Ubwino ndi kuipa kwa bizinesi

Bungwe pokula strawberries mu wowonjezera kutentha ali ndi ubwino wambirizomwe zimapangitsa kukongola kwa zatsopano.

1. Froberries ndi otchuka kwambiri. Zimagulidwa mosavuta ndi ogula mapeto onse, ndi masitolo ndi malo ogulitsa zakudya.
2. Mpikisano wotsika, strawberries wochuluka mowirikiza pa msika pasanathe miyezi itatu pachaka.
3. Zipatso zamtengo wapatali zimakhala zochepa poyerekeza ndi zonunkhira ndi zonunkhira za mitundu yoweta yomwe idakula m'nthaka.
4. M'nyengo yozizira-kasupe nyengo, m'mphepete mwa strawberries kuwonjezeka kwambiri.

Zina mwazovuta bizinesi ikhoza kudziwika:

• mtengo wa zomangamanga ndi zipangizo za malo obiriwira;
• pamwamba mtengo wa magetsi kuti uwotenthe;
• kufunika kolembetsa bungwe lalamulo kugwira ntchito ndi masitolo;
• m'nyengo ya chilimwe, malire pa zinthu zimachepa.

Kusankha mitundu

Kulima mu wowonjezera kutentha ndi bwino remontant strawberries amene safuna pollination. Kumayambiriro oyambirira akhoza kubzalidwa mitundu yonse yoyambirira ndi ya pakati pa nyengo.

Ndikofunika kusankha zosankha ndi zipatso zokwanira, zoyendetsa bwino. Ogulitsa amakonda kwambiri zazikulu zazikulu za strawberries mawonekedwe abwino ndi fungo lamtengo wapatali.

Zina mwa mitundu yotchuka kwambiri:

1. Alba. Zokongoletsera baka ndi zokolola zabwino. Mitundu yoyambirira, yogonjetsedwa ndi matenda. Mitengoyi imakhala yofiira, yokongola kwambiri, yosamalidwa bwino komanso yosungira maonekedwe okongola kwa nthawi yaitali (onani chithunzi m'munsimu).






2. Darenka. Mitundu yambiri ya ku Russia yobereketsa, yogonjetsedwa ndi matenda a fungal ndi tizirombo. Zipatsozo ndi zazikulu, zofiira, zimakhala zokoma zokoma komanso zokoma (onani chithunzi pansipa).






3. Octave. Kwambiri oyambirira, oyenera greenhouses ndi lotseguka pansi. Zimapereka zokolola zabwino, zipatso zimakhala zazikulu komanso zonunkhira, sizikuyenda panthawi yopita.
4. Sonata. Mabulosi owopsa komanso ofewa ndi zokoma komanso zonunkhira. Zosiyanasiyana zimaphatikizapo kusinthasintha kwa kutentha, kusagonjetsedwa ndi tizirombo (onani chithunzi pansipa).






5. Rusanovskaya. Mitengo yosiyanasiyana yomwe imatentha kwambiri imatha kupanga zokolola zingapo pachaka. Zipatsozo zimapsa pamodzi, kukhala ndi mtundu wolemera komanso mawonekedwe okongola. Kusungidwa bwino.
6. Uchi. Mitengo yambiri yakucha, zipatso zimakhala zazikulu, zofiira, zimakhala zooneka bwino, zimakhala ndi zowawa zokoma komanso zonunkhira. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imalekerera kusinthasintha kwa kutentha, koma ndiyang'anitsitsa kulemera kwa nthaka (onani chithunzi m'munsimu).

Odziŵa zamalonda omwe ali ndi zochitika mu greenhouses amalimbikitsa kusankha mitundu ya Russian, Dutch, American ndi Polish kuswana. Amakhala bwino pamalo otetezedwa, osadwala ndikupereka zokolola zabwino.

Malamulo a Zowonjezera Kutentha

Adakali akumanga nyumba zobiriwira ndikofunika kuganizira za dongosolo Kutentha. Njira yabwino kwambiri ndiyo kuphatikiza biofuel ndi kutentha kokonza. Chingwe chaching'onoting'ono kapena mapaipi, omwe mpweya wotentha umakankhidwira, amaikidwa pansi. Kutentha, mungagwiritse ntchito magetsi oyatsa magetsi kapena moto wamoto, komanso stoves.

Konzani zitsamba zamadzimwa kusakaniza kavalo, nyama ya nkhumba kapena mbuzi yamala ndi udzu, kutaya madzi osakaniza, kuphimba ndi zojambulazo ndi kusiya masiku angapo. Manyowa akufa akutha pansi pa dothi la pamwamba. Kusakaniza kumeneku kumakhala ndi kutentha kutentha mpaka 25ºC.

Chisakanizo cha superphosphate ndi potaziyamu chloride ndizoyenera kukulitsa acidity. Nthaka iyenera kumasulidwa mosamala.

Kwa katswiri wamakono, mungagwiritse ntchito peat-pearlitic osakaniza, omwe ayenera kuyendetsedwa. Gawo lokonzekera limatsanulidwa m'mipulositiki ya pulasitiki ndikuyikidwa pamapangidwe omwe amaikidwa pamakoma a wowonjezera kutentha. Zakudya chisakanizo chimasunga chinyezi bwino ndipo imathandizira patsogolo chitukuko cha sitiroberi baka. Chipangizo cha Dutch chimaonjezera zokolola za strawberries, zomwe zimakupatsani kuchotsa 8 makilogalamu a zipatso kuchokera kumanja umodzi.

Kusamalira kwa Strawberry

Mbewu zimabzalidwa mu wowonjezera kutentha. Pogwiritsira ntchito zipangizo zamakono za ku Dutch, chitsamba chilichonse chimayikidwa mu mphika wosiyana wodzazidwa ndi gawo lapansi. Mukamabzala m'nthaka anaikidwa mumzere ndi mtunda wa 30-45 masentimita. Kupititsa patsogolo kuthirira ndi kusunga mlingo woyenera wa chinyezi mu wowonjezera kutentha, pulogalamu yowonongeka imayenera kuikidwa.

Nthaka sayenera kuuma, ngakhale kuti kusefukira kwa madzi sikuvomerezanso. Madzi ochepa m'nthaka amachititsa kuti matendawa aphungu, omwe amatha kuwononga mbewu. Chinyezi mu wowonjezera kutentha sayenera kugwa pansi pa 80%. Pambuyo pa tchire, mumayenera kutsegula chipinda tsiku ndi tsiku.

Mlungu uliwonse amafunika kupanga mchere feteleza: ammonium nitrate amadzipangidwira m'madzi ndi potaziyamu kloride. Pambuyo pa kuyamba kwa maluwa pang'onopang'ono kuwonjezera kutentha mu wowonjezera kutentha, izo zidzafulumizitsa kucha kwa zipatso, kupanga kukoma kwawo kowala ndi wolemera.

Kuwerengera ndalama ndi ndalama

Asanayambe ntchito, ndondomeko yamalonda yowonongeka ikukonzekedwa ndalama zomwe zikubwera ndipo adawonetsera ndalama. Mndandanda wa zowonjezera muyenera kuphatikizapo:

• kugulitsa kapena kugula malo;
• zipangizo zomangira nyumba za greenhouses ndi mtengo wake womanga;
• zipangizo zotentha (kutsegula mpweya, ulimi wothirira, kuunikira);
• kugula zokolola, feteleza ndi tizilombo;
• ndalama;
• Kulembetsa bungwe lalamulo (zofunikira kuti tigwire ntchito ndi maunyolo ogulitsa);
• olemba malipiro ogwira ntchito.

Kukula strawberries mu wowonjezera kutentha chaka chonse ngati bizinesi ndi mtengo wapatali kwa wogulitsa payekha.

Kuchepetsa ndalama kumathandiza:

• kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta ophatikizidwa;
• mbande zokha, kuchokera ku mbewu;
• kuchotsa ntchito ya malipiro;
• Kupititsa polycarbonate kuti aphimbe wowonjezera kutentha ndi filimu yotchipa.

Yerengani ndalama zomwe mumapeza kuchokera ku famu. Ndi zokolola za makilogalamu 5 pa 1 lalikulu. M akhoza kuchotsedwa ku 400 makilogalamu a zipatso. Mtengo wamtengo wapatali ndi ruble 600 pa kilogalamu. Mtengo umasiyana pakati pa chaka kuchokera pa ruble 200 mpaka 800 pa makilogalamu, malingana ndi nthawi ya chaka. Choncho, phindu kuchokera ku wowonjezera kutentha adzapanga Ruble 240,000 pa mwezi. Phindu la bizinesi ya sitiroberi mu wowonjezera kutentha - kuchokera ku 50%.

M'nyengo yozizira, m'mphepete mwa mabulosi akuwonjezeka ndi 1.5 nthawi. Izi ndi chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa zopereka komanso kufunika kwa ogulitsa. Komabe, ndi bwino kuganizira kuti mtengo wa Kutentha m'nthawi ino ukuwonjezeka.

Alimi ambiri amakana kuchokera kukula strawberries m'nyengo yozizira, kusankha poyamba kubzala ndi kutalika kwa fruiting nthawi mpaka November.

Ngati mwasankha kuchita bizinesi ina yowonjezera maluwa, zitsamba, nkhaka, tomato kapena masamba ena mu wowonjezera kutentha, penyani nkhani zomwe zili pa webusaiti yathu.

Amalonda omwe amasankha kukula ndi strawberries m'nyengo yozizira ayenera kupita patsogolo kulemba mgwirizano ndi malonda ndi makampani chakudya. Izi zidzakuthandizani kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa chiwerengero cha kukanidwa ndi kukhazikika kwa ndalama.