Omwe amweta ng'ombe (ng'ombe) amagwira ntchito yofunikira pa ntchito yonse ya minda yapayekha. Izi ndi chifukwa chakuti madzi osamwa osasokonezeka amakhudza kwambiri ubwino wa ng'ombe ndi mkaka wopangidwa ndi ng'ombe. Zida zoledzera zingagulidwe pazipinda zapadera kapena yesetsani kumanga nokha, kutsatira malamulo osavuta omwe atchulidwa pansipa.
Zomwe zimafunikira kuti madzi akumwa amwe
Pofuna kumanga bwino kayendedwe kake, m'pofunikira kulingalira za msinkhu komanso kuchuluka kwa mlingo wa madzi kwa ng'ombe iliyonse. Choyamba, njira yopangira zinthu imaganiziridwa.
Mkaka wa nyama ndi mkaka panthawi yopatsa udzu kukonza zakumwa zopangira madzi okwanira pafupifupi 150 malita, pogwiritsa ntchito njira yosavuta kupanga: oposa 4 malita a madzi amafunika kupanga ma lita imodzi a mkaka. 
Kwa nyama za nyama, ana ndi ng'ombe-kuswana, mlingo wa madzi amawerengedwa mosiyana:
- Nkhumba zakubadwa mpaka miyezi isanu ndi umodzi zimafuna madzi okwanira 15-20 pa tsiku. Malinga ndi gawo la zaka izi, mlimi ayenera kulimbikitsa kwambiri khalidwe ndi kutentha kwa madzi omwe amaperekedwa, komanso mphamvu ya zipangizo zakumwa;
- Makhalidwe odyetsera ana a miyezi isanu ndi umodzi ndi chaka ayenera kukhala ndi malita 30 a madzi oyera payekha. Ndiyeso iyi yomwe ili yabwino kwambiri pakukula kwathunthu kwa nyama zinyama zofookabe;
- Nervolzhavshim nkhuku ndi ng'ombe zamphongo zakumwa zoyenera zomwe zili ndi 40 mpaka 50 malita. (Gulu kuchokera ku chaka chimodzi kapena kupitirira);
- Mtengo wa tsiku ndi tsiku wa zowonongeka ng'ombe ndi opanga ng'ombe ndi 60-70 malita.
Mukudziwa? Pa moyo wake, ng'ombe imatha kupereka pafupifupi magulu 200 a mkaka. Ng'ombe 60 zokha zimatha kutulutsa mkaka umodzi mu tsiku limodzi. Koma mbiri ya dziko yokhutira mkaka ndi ya ng'ombe za Cuba - mu masiku 365 okha, anapereka 27,672 malita a mankhwala abwino.
Mitundu ya omwa
Pafupifupi pali mitundu iwiri ya omwa - aliyense (owerengedwa pa nyama imodzi) ndi gulu (pa gulu lonse).
Yakhazikika
Zomwe zimapangidwira, monga lamulo, zimapangidwa mwaulere - zimapulumutsa ndalama zambiri. Cholinga chawo chachikulu ndi munthu wodyetsa ng'ombe iliyonse, yomwe imathera nthawi yochuluka mu khola, pamtambo. 
Gulu
Omwe amamwa mowa amphongo ali oyenerera ng'ombe zaufulu. Amatha kupereka madzi abwino kwa anthu angapo nthawi yomweyo. Zida sikuti zimakhala zokha, komanso zamagetsi. Yotsirizirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito poyendetsa ziweto.
Phunzirani momwe mungadyetse ng'ombe kumalo odyetserako ziweto.
Chiwerengero cha ozimwa mowa kwa ng'ombe kuchokera kwa opanga
Masiku ano, msika wa mlimi umapatsa anthu osiyanasiyana omwe amamwa mowa mwauchidakwa omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi yayitali pa zoweta zazikulu komanso minda yaing'ono.
Mtundu uliwonse uli wabwino mwa njira yake, koma yotchuka kwambiri ndi yothandiza kwambiri ndi valve-float, teat ndi pan-mtundu, opangidwa ndi odziwika bwino ulimi: USS AGRO, AiS AGRO, Agropromtekhnika LLC.
Phunzirani momwe mungamangire nkhokwe.Musanagwiritse ntchito masinthidwe enieni apadera, mlimi wokhoza kuyesa amayesa njira zina zodziwika bwino komanso zosavuta, mwachitsanzo: kapu ndi chidebe cholembedwamo, beseni yazitsulo kapena chophimba chachikulu cha galvanized. Matanki oterewa ndi ophweka kwambiri kukhazikitsa, otchipa komanso osapereka zodzipangira okha.
Komabe, zipangizozi zili ndi zovuta zingapo:
- kusowa kwa Kutentha m'nyengo yozizira;
- Amafunika pamanja komanso panthawi kuti awonjezere madzi kwa zinyama.
Kumwa kwa-valve-float
Kuti madzi aziyenda mofanana muzipangizo zamagulu kapena zakumwa zolimbitsa thupi, mawonekedwe a mtundu wa valve-float-fluid system akuikidwa mmenemo:
- Mfundo yoyendetsera kayendedwe ka kayendedwe ka nthaka imatha kuyerekezera ndi ntchito ya thanki ya chimbudzi. Choyandama chimayikidwa mkatikati mwa thanki ndi madzi okhuta, omwe amachititsa mlingo woyenera wa madzi. Kuchokera pakati pa mabotolo apakati a matanki kupita ku matanki ena akumwa. Pogwiritsa ntchito madzi, msinkhu wake umatambasula, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti asayambe kuyendetsa bwino madzi a pompopu mumtsuko;
- Mipukutu ya valve ikufunanso kugwirizana kwa madzi. Kusiyanitsa kumakhalapo chifukwa chakuti ng'ombe zomwe zimadzilamulira pamtunda wa madzi mwa kukakamiza valavu yapadera mukamwa botolo.
Ndikofunikira! Alimi ambiri samalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito njira ya valve chifukwa chowonongeka mobwerezabwereza zidazo ndi zinyama pakumwa mowa, zomwe zimayambitsa kukonzanso kwakukulu ndi kubwezeretsa ndalama.
Omwa amphongo ndi ng'ombe amadzichitira nokha: kanema
Chikho
Omwe amamwa chikho amakonzedwa pafupifupi mofanana ndi valve. Zimasinthidwa kuchuluka kwa madzi okwanira mu mbale. Mukatsitsa mbale, valavu imatsekedwa ndipo imatseka madzi.
Pamene imachepetseratu, zida zowonongeka zimakweza mbali imodzi pamodzi ndi valve ya shutter, ndipo madzi amadzaza pang'onopang'ono mbaleyo. Ndondomekoyi itakhazikitsidwa, ng'ombe zothandizira ziyenera kuphunzitsidwa kumwa madzi kuchokera ku mbale.
Pezani chifukwa chake mwana wang'ombe ndi waulesi komanso amadya bwino, mavitamini otani kuti apereke ng'ombe, momwe angachitire kutsekula m'mimba.
Omwa Mowa
Zamagwiritsidwe ntchito zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popatsa ana ang'onoang'ono. Msonkhanowu umakhala ndi thupi lachitsulo, chinsalu cha mphutsi ndi chingwe chapadera. Pamwamba pamwamba pali njira yokhazikika ndi chitoliro cha madzi.
Ubwino wa akumwa mowa ndikuti ndi aukhondo, amafunika kusungirako pang'ono ndipo ali odalirika kwambiri, poyerekeza ndi zida kapena kapu zipangizo. Chosavuta ndikuti ndizosatheka kupanga ndowe yachitsulo nokha; alimi ambiri amagula izo kale pomaliza. 
Chimene chingachitike
Pakuti anthu omwe amapanga zakumwa zokha amatha kukhala okhazikika komanso otetezeka kwa nyama zakuthupi. Kuti mupange chisankho choyenera ndikusankha, muyenera kulingalira za ubwino ndi zoipa za aliyense:
- chitsulo (chitsulo chosanjikizidwa kapena chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri). Omwe amamwa zitsulo ali amphamvu mokwanira, komabe, akakhala ndi zotsatira, iwo akhoza kukhala opunduka pang'ono. Ntchito yomanga zitsulo ikhoza kusambitsidwa mosavuta ndi kupatsiridwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda;
- mtengo - zowonongeka ndi zowona zowonongeka zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mowa mukatha kuyeretsa bwino komanso kuvala ndi osakhala ndi poizoni wapadera. Kwa nthawi yayitali, matabwa si abwino - pang'onopang'ono, zipangizozi zimatha kupukuta ndi kuzungulira ndi nkhungu;
- pulasitiki sizothandiza kokha, koma ndi omwe ali otchuka komanso othandiza pakati pa alimi ambiri. Zamagetsi zimakhala nthawi yaitali ndipo zimatsukidwa bwino ngati kuli kofunikira;
- Kumanga njerwa, monga pulasitiki, yoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yaitali, koma pambuyo poyeretsa ndi kupaka mkati.
Momwe mungapangidwire ng'ombe ndi manja awo
Kukonzekera kwaokha omwe amamwa mowa mwauchidakwa sikungathandize kupulumutsa bajeti, komanso kumanganso nkhokwe malinga ndi zosowa za mwini wake, famu ndi ng'ombe zomwe zilipo.
Mudzidziwe nokha ndi matenda a udder mu ng'ombe, matenda a ziboda mu ng'ombe.
Mapangidwe ndi miyeso
Ndondomeko yopanga zakumwa zolimbitsa thupi sizimavuta ngati mlimi amadziwa zomwe zimapangidwa ndi mfundo zake zoyendetsera ntchito. Lingaliro lofunikira ndikumanga tani yapadera ndi kayendedwe kabwino ka madzi, kamene kamayambitsa kupezeka kwa madzi ndi mlingo wake mu mbale zonse zakumwa. Chotsatira chake, madziwa amadutsa mumatope opangidwa ndi matabwa, njerwa kapena konkire.
Ndondomeko ya kumwa mowa: 
Zomwe zili bwino kwa anthu akuluakulu akumwa ng'ombe ndi 2255х700х1010, mlingo - 140 malita. Kulemera kwake - mpaka makilogalamu 150. Kutalika kumasiyana malinga ndi msinkhu wa zinyama (1500mm-2000mm).
Ndifunikanso kulingalira mfundo izi:
- Mbali ya kumtunda kwa chidebe chakumwa ayenera kukhala osachepera 8 masentimita kuchokera pansi kuti nyama zisakhudze m'mphepete mwa chikhomo ndi khosi ndipo musamapotole khosi panthawi yomwe akumwa;
- ndi njira yosungira nyumba, thanki la madzi liyenera kukhala loposa 15 mamita kuchokera kwa feeders;
- kuti ng'ombe zisasonkhane moyandikana ndi oledzera, ziyenera kuikidwa pamapeto osiyanasiyana a nkhokwe kuti ziwerengedwe zawo - 25 anthu pa chidebe podzaza malita 15 pa mphindi iliyonse.
Mukudziwa? Chithunzi cha ng'ombe chikhoza kuwonetsedwa pa zizindikiro za boma za Andorra, Nepal ndi mayiko ena angapo. Ku India, chinyamacho ndi chopatulika ndipo chikuyimira chitukuko, kuchuluka kwa zipatso ndi kuchuluka kwa ziweto. Mu nthano za Hurri, Mulungu wa bingu anapitirira ng'ombe ziwiri - Urry (m'mawa) ndi Surry (madzulo).
Momwe mungayikiritsire mowa wodziteteza m'khola: kanema
Zida ndi zipangizo
Zipangizo zakumwa zoledzera ziyenera kusankhidwa malinga ndi kukula kwa nkhokwe, chiwerengero cha ziweto ndi zofuna zawo.
Monga tanenera kale, zingakhale:
- chitsulo;
- mtengo;
- pulasitiki;
- njerwa
Phunzirani momwe mungapangire mpweya wabwino m'khola.Zida zofunika pakusonkhanitsa zakumwa:
- kubowola;
- njerwa;
- wolamulira womanga;
- chizindikiro;
- nyundo;
- mchenga;
- saw;
- simenti;
- makina odzola;
- thumba la mbiri.
Mapangidwe opanga
Chophika chakumwa chachitsulo:
- Mphepete mwachitsulo chokhala ndi makina autali;
- Pamapeto pake, ikani bwalo kapena khoma lopukuta (kukhetsa madzi otsala).
Ndikofunikira! Pofuna kuti khoma lopukuta likhale lamtundu kwambiri komanso limasindikizidwa, chidindo cha raba chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pakupanga.Kuchokera ku matabwa a matabwa:
- Mangani kukula kofunikira kwa matabwa;
- Phimbani mipata yotsala ndi resin;
- Kugula chikhomo cha pulasitiki chamakona (kuchokera 30 cm);
- Ikani sitani pa "miyendo" yachitsulo.
- Ikani mphamvu za njerwa;
- Khalala mkati ndi kumbali ndi zinthu zopanda poizoni.
- Sambani, zouma ndi mpweya wonyezimira wa mafuta (pa 100 malita) bwinobwino mu mpweya;
- Pangani mabowo 4 mumtsinje: kukhetsa, chifukwa cha chitoliro chomwe chimapangitsa madzi, kutuluka kwa madzi mumtsinje ndipo makamaka kuti chikhale chowotcha;
- Ikani valavu yoyandama mu thanki.
Kodi ndingatani kuti ndiyambe kuyamwa kwa omwa
Pofuna kuteteza chitukuko m'khola la ng'ombe, zowonongeka zimayenera kukhala zisanayambe kuikidwa m'mabotolo omwera, zomwe zidzasungiranso kutentha kwa madzi omwe akuyenera kutero (12-20 ° C). Monga lamulo, alimi amagwiritsa ntchito mitundu iwiri yotentha: munthu kapena wamba.
Aliyense (magetsi otentha) amagwira ntchito mosavuta, koma amawononga ndalama zambiri. Zowonjezera (kuyika kwa Kutentha Kwambiri) ndizofunikira kwa minda yokhala ndi machitidwe odzola. Pamene kutentha kwakukulu kumagwirizanitsidwa, madzi mu thanki amaperekedwa kale ofunda, omwe amathetsa kuthetsa vuto la Kutentha kwa nthawi yake.
Mukudziwa? Posachedwa ku Belarus anayamba kupanga zakumwa za polyethylene zapansi, ndi madzi ochuluka kuchokera pa 90 mpaka 290 malita. Madzi mwa iwo sangathe kuzizira ngakhale chisanu choopsa, chifukwa pansi pa matankiwa akuwotcha okha.
Momwe mungayikire tambala lopanda madzi osungira m'khola: kanema Kutenga zipangizo zofunikira, chikhumbo ndi chipiriro monga maziko, nkotheka kuti mupange zophika zakumwa zapamwamba za ng'ombe zoweta zokha, osagwiritsa ntchito khama ndi ndalama panthawiyi.
Ndemanga
