Zinsinsi zonse zosamalira cyclamen kunyumba

Cyclamen ndi maluwa omwe amafalitsidwa kwambiri chifukwa cha obereketsa omwe apanga zinyama zambiri komanso akulima mitundu yambiri yomwe imakhala yabwino kwambiri kumunda wamaluwa. Chifukwa cha kusamalidwa ndi kukonzanso, kulima mbewu kumaonedwa kuti ndi kovuta, koma kuli koyenera. Mu nkhaniyi muwerenga za kumusamalira, onani chithunzi.

Mbiri ya chitukuko ndi kufotokoza

Mbiri ya zomera zosatha zomwe zili ndi masamba obiriwira mofanana ndi mtima wofiira zaka za m'ma 1600. Ndiye cyclamen (komanso "alpine violet", "dryakva", "mkate wa nkhumba") poyamba anawonekera ku Ulaya ndipo anali wamkulu makamaka m'minda ya botanical.

Kwa zaka mazana angapo, obereketsa abweretsa mitundu ya maluwa, ndi mitundu yambiri ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Mitundu ina ya cyclamen imasiyanitsidwa ndi mawonekedwe a petal.

M'moyo wa tsiku ndi tsiku, mitundu yambiri ya Ulaya ndi Persia. Iwo amadziwika kwambiri ndi wamaluwa, chifukwa Maluwawo amadziwika ndi mthunzi wambiri, ndipo pamasamba pali mtundu wosiyana wa mitsempha yoyera ya marble.

Pogwiritsa ntchito Persian cyclamen, Dutch anabweretsa mtundu wosakanizidwa umene umadziwika ndi nthawi yaitali yamaluwa. Malongosoledwe ndi zithunzi za mitundu yokongola kwambiri ya cyclamen, komanso chidziwitso chokhudza chisamaliro chawo, mudzapeza m'nkhani yapadera.

Chithunzi

M'munsimu mudzawona chithunzi cha duwa:

Zomwe amangidwa

Maonekedwe a cyclamen ndi mawonekedwe okongola komanso okoma kwambiri. Pamene zikhalidwe zina zimamasula m'chilimwe, ndipo mu nyengo nthawi iwo amadziwombera mu yophukira ndi kasupe, Mbalame yotchedwa Alpine violet m'nyengo yozizira imakondweretsa mwiniwakeyo mwachimake, ndipo chilimwe kubwezeretsa mphamvu. Mukhoza kupeza nthawi komanso mmene maluwa amamera komanso momwe zomera zimasamalirira nthawi yamasiku ano.

Kukula chomera kunyumba "mu ukapolo", kutsatira zinthu zina:

1. Kuwala Cyclamen imalekerera kuwala kwa dzuwa bwino. Ndikofunika kuteteza kuwala kwa dzuwa.

2. Chinyezi Masamba a Dryakva amafufuzidwa pa siteji ya kukula ndi chitukuko chawo. Chomeracho chimakonda chinyezi, zimalimbikitsidwa kusunga mphika kutali ndi mapaipi otentha, komanso m'nyengo yozizira kupanga fumbi lopangira, ndikuika madzi ndi maluwa kuzungulira maluwa. M'dzinja ndi m'nyengo yozizira, mbewu imathiriridwa nthawi zambiri kuposa nthawi yonse. Pofuna kupewa kuvunda kwa mizu ya cyclamen, madzi amathiridwa mu poto kwa poto.

   Ndikofunikira! Ngakhale kuti duwa limakhala ndi chinyezi, malo omwe mphika uli ndi cyclamen ilipo, ayenera kuwonetsedwa nthawi zonse.

3. Kutentha Ndichofunika kwambiri pa kukula kwa alpine violet. M'nyengo yozizira, chizindikiro chabwino chidzakhala 10-12 C. Ngati ndizovuta kuti zikhale zozizira, ndiye kuti chomeracho chimazoloŵera nyengo yozizira pang'onopang'ono (mwa kusintha mthunzi wa mpweya). Apo ayi, cyclamen ikhoza kusunga masamba ndikusiya kufalikira. M'nyengo yotentha, boma lakutentha ndilofunikanso - ngati thermometer ili ndi 18 C, masamba adzasanduka chikasu ndipo maluwawo agwa.

4. Nthaka Ndikofunika kupereka chomera chokha mpata wopuma. Mbendera ya cholinga ichi imapangidwa ndi peat, mchenga, humus ndi nthaka. Zikuluzikulu za peat ndi humus fibers, ndizobwino.

5. Mizu ya dryakva m'chilimwe "mazira." Panthawiyi, zomera sizimasokonezeka, zimakhala m'malo ozizira. Zimayenera kuyang'anira nthaka chinyezi, ziyenera kukhala zochepa.

   Pamwamba pa tuber mu cyclamen muli mfundo ya kukula, yomwe imachokera. Sitiyenera kusefukira ndi madzi kapena kuyamwa, muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa maonekedwe a mdima m'malo ovunda. Kukula kwake kumayambitsa chitukuko ndi kukula kwa duwa lonse ndipo ziyenera kusungidwa pazifukwa zoyenera.

Kodi mungasamalire bwanji maluwa mkati mwa mphika?

Kodi mungamusamalire bwanji? Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa zinthu za cyclamen, kukula kwake ndi kusintha kwa chitukuko, ndiye kuti muyenera kudziwa momwe mungasamalire, kotero kusamalira maluwa a kunyumba kumatsatira malamulo ofunika kwambiri:

• Kuthirira Mafuta otchedwa Alpine violet amatsanuliridwa nthawi zonse ndi madzi pang'ono, kutentha komwe kumakhala kutentha, kuphatikiza kapena kupitirira madigiri angapo. Pambuyo pa mbeuyi yaika maluwa mapesi, kuthirira kumachitika mwachindunji mu mphika tray. Kuchuluka kwa madzi kumatonthozedwa, kuonetsetsa kuti dothi silinadzaza ndi chinyezi, koma sichimauma.

• Feteleza. Pakati pa maluwa (ndiko kuti, m'dzinja ndi m'nyengo yozizira) cyclamen imafuna kudyetsa kwina. Kamodzi pa masabata angapo, chomeracho chimamera ndi njira zokhala ndi maluwa omwe ali ndi mchere wothandiza, mwachitsanzo: Maluwa a Uniflor, Bona Forte ndi ena. Ngati mumagwiritsa ntchito zipangizozo nthawi zambiri, phindu lawo lonse lidzagwera masamba, ndipo maluwa adzatha (chifukwa chake cyclamen sichimasintha ndi momwe angakonzere, werengani apa).

• Kuwaza Chomera chachikulu, chochepa chiyenera kusintha nthaka. Mitengo yaing'ono imaikidwa chaka chilichonse. Kuwotchera kumachitika pambuyo pa kutha kwa maluwa, isanafike masika ndi chilimwe dormancy nthawi.

  Thumba, limodzi ndi mtanda wa dziko lakale, amasamutsidwa ku malo atsopano okhala ndi gawo lotayirira (peat, earth, turf, mchenga, ndibwino kuyika miyala kapena miyala yochepa pansi kuti nthaka ikhale yabwino), kusiya gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu aliwonse pamwamba pa nthaka kuti phokoso limakula bwino poyera. Phika amatenga zazikulu kuposa mmbuyomo. Mitengo ya acidity ya nthaka ndi 5 pH.

Kudulira

Kudulira zomera pa nthawi ya maluwa sizimapanga. Pofuna kupititsa patsogolo ntchitoyi, maluwa opunduka amachotsedwamo mwa kuwamasula kuchokera ku peduncles popanda kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zowongoka.

Muyenera kusamala kuti musawononge kukula kwake pamwamba pa tuber, mwinamwake mbewu yonse idzafa.

Potero, kudulira masamba ndi mizu yowola kumachitika mwamsanga musanayambe kuika.

Matenda ndi tizirombo

Kusamalira bwino duwa panyumba kudzateteza ku matenda otheka ndi tizirombo. Ngakhale zili choncho, zinthu zina sizidalira mlimi.

1. Tizilombo. Ngati nthaka nthawi zonse sichitha madzi okwanira, katsamba kakangoyamba kakang'ono kamene kamakhala pamtengowo. Komanso duwa lingakhale ndi chidwi ndi aphid. Chizindikiro cha mawonekedwe ake ndi masamba owonongeka ndi opunduka.

   Kupewa malo oterowo kudzakuthandizira kukhazikitsa misampha ya zomatira kwa tizilombo pafupi ndi mphika, komanso chithandizo cha kubzala ndi njira yapadera. Ngati chomeracho chitayonongeka kale, muyenera kuchotsa mosamala tizilombo tonse kuchokera kumalo oonekera a cyclamen, tizimutsuka m'madzi ndikusamba tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.

2. Masamba a chikasu. Zikuwoneka pamene kutentha sikunayang'anike kapena ngati mumakhala madzi okwanira kapena osakwanira. Pankhaniyi, m'pofunika kutsatira malangizowo pazomwe mulingo woyenera wa kusamalira mbewu: kusuntha mphika ku malo ozizira ndi ozizira kapena kuchepetsa / kuwonjezera kuchulukitsa kwa kupopera mbewu mankhwala, ndi zina zotero.

3. Yowola Makhalidwe a mbali: mdima wakuda, wilting wa masamba, zowonongeka muzu kapena zimayambira. Maluwawo achotsedwa pansi, malo ovuta amachotsedwa asanafike minofu. Gawoli ndi phulusa ndi makala ophwanyika kapena phulusa la nkhuni. Kenaka, chomeracho chimabzalidwa mumphika watsopano ndi nthaka yatsopano ndipo ili ndi malamulo oyang'anira cyclamen.

Kutsiliza

Monga ndi oimira onse a zinyama ndi zinyama, kusamalira bwino n'kofunikira kwa cyclamen. Tsopano mumadziwa kusamalira nyumba. Pankhaniyi, idzakula, ikukula ndi kukondwera ndi maluwa ake okongola, osakhwima ndi fungo lawo lokoma kwa zaka zambiri. Malamulo oyenera kukhala ndi chikhalidwe panyumba amakhala osapita m'mbali, koma ngati amatsatira, moyo wautali wa alpine violet ndi wotsimikizika.