- Mtundu: maluwa
- Nthawi Y maluwa: Meyi, Juni, Julayi, Ogasiti, Seputembala
- Msinkhu: 15-25cm
- Mtundu: Woyera, Wapinki, Wofiyira
- Osayamba
- Nyengo
- Wokonda dzuwa
- Kukonda
Spirea amadziwika kuti ndi imodzi mwa zitsamba zokongola kwambiri. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kukongoletsa dera lanu. Ndi odzichepetsa, kugonjetsedwa ndi chisanu. Kubzala ndi kusamalira mbeu nthawi zambiri sikuyambitsa mavuto. Mitundu yamtchire yokongoletsera ili ndi mitundu pafupifupi 90, iliyonse yomwe mu maluwa ikhoza kukhala chokongoletsera bwino kwambiri pamalowo. Spiraea wobzalidwa m'malo abwino bwino, manyowa nthaka. Ndi mitundu iti ya spirea yomwe imadziwika kwambiri? Kodi mungakonzekere bwanji malo okwerera? Kodi kusamalira mbewu? Ndi mavuto otani omwe wokolola dimba angakumane nawo?
Maonekedwe ndi zachilengedwe
Zomera zamtunduwu zimatha kukula zonse zazing'ono (mpaka 15 cm) komanso zazitali (mpaka 2,5 m). Nthambi za chitsamba zimakhala zowongoka kapena zokwawa. Utoto umachokera ku kuwala mpaka bulauni. Mizu yake ndi yopapatiza. Pa maluwa, spirea imakutidwa ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono angapo mu inflorescence a mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana. Mtundu wa ma petalswo umayambira oyera mpaka matalala. Spirea inflorescences imatha kupezeka nthawi yonseyi kuwombera, ndipo kumtunda kwake kapena kumapeto kwa nthambi. Chomera chimafalikira ndi mbewu, kudula, kugawa chitsamba, kugawa.
Spirea safuna kudulira. Zimachitika pongofuna kukongoletsa kuti zitsamba zizioneka zokongola. Korona wa mbewuyo akhoza kukhala wakuda komanso wandiweyani kapena "wochepa pang'ono", koma amawoneka wokongola nthawi zonse. Nthambi zimaphukira pansi, kotero palibe zotsatira zoyipa za "miyendo yopanda kanthu".
Shrub ndi yolimba, imasinthasintha bwino nyengo zosiyanasiyana, motero imatha kubzala osati kumwera kapena njira yapakati, komanso zigawo zakumpoto. Ngati matalala ozizira azizira kwambiri, ndiye kuti mutatha kudulira umabwezeretseka ndipo limamasula mchaka chomwecho. Kukula kwabwinobwino kwa mbewu, maola ochepa patsiku la dzuwa, kudyetsa, nthaka yabwino ndikwanira. Simungamubisire nyengo yozizira
Nthambi za Spirea zimaphukira kumera pachaka chomwecho, kudulira sikungawononge mawonekedwe ake.
Zosiyanasiyana zamtundu wa Spirea wamtundu
Zomera zonse zamtundu wa Spirea zitha kugawidwa m'magulu awiri akulu: maluwa amvula ndi chilimwe. Maluwa oyamba kukhala ambiri, koma osakhalitsa. Zitsamba za gulu lachiwiri sizimamera nthawi yomweyo, kwa miyezi iwiri. Maluwa ali ndi mithunzi yambiri. Mitundu yomwe imakula pang'ono nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito kupangira zitsamba za alpine.
Mitundu yamaluwa yophukira
Mitundu yamaluwa yophukira imakutidwa ndi maluwa mkati mwa Meyi. Chawo ndichakuti onse ndi oyera. Mithunzi imatha kusiyanasiyana, koma mtundu wake ndi yoyera. Zomera zimayamba pachimake mchaka chachiwiri cha moyo, zimakhala tchire kwambiri. Zitsamba zotsatirazi zimadziwika kuti ndizotchuka kwambiri:
Grey spirea. Mtengowo udalandira dzina lake osati chifukwa cha mitundu ya miyala ya m'miyala (yoyera, monga mitundu yonse yamaluwa), koma chifukwa cha masamba obiriwira amtengowo. Umu ndi mtundu wofala kwambiri wa spirea. Nthawi ya maluwa ndiyambira Meyi mpaka pakati pa Juni. Ma inflorescence amapezeka kutalika konse kwa mpirawo.
Chisamaliro chapadera cha wamaluwa chimakhala ndi spirea "Grefshaym". Mtengowo umafikira 1.5-2 m, uli ndi korona wakufalikira ndi maluwa oyera-owiritsa okhala ndi mulifupi mwake mpaka 1 cm, wophatikizidwa ndi maambulera a inflorescence.
Gray Spirea Grefshaym "amakhala bwino" ndi Nippon ndi Argout spirea, tsache, viburnum, conifers
Spirea Wangutta. Wosakanizidwa waku Cantonese ndi spirea wokhala ndi miyendo itatu amafika mamita 2. Maluwa ndi ang'ono - mpaka 0.6 masentimita, omwe amatengedwa mu hemispherical inflorescence. Mdima wobiriwira pamwambapa ndi masamba otuwa pansipa umagwa. Zosiyanasiyana zimatha kutulutsa kawiri - koyambirira kwa June ndi August.
Spirea Kukangana. Tchire la mbewu limafikira 1.5-2 m, lili ndi mawonekedwe okongola. Pakati pa maluwa (kuyambira kumapeto kwa Meyi mpaka pakati pa Juni), kutsutsana kwa spirea ndikofanana ndi mathithi oyera oyera.
Mitundu ya maluwa otentha
Iwo inflorescence amawonekera malekezero achinyamata mphukira. Nthawi yomweyo, nthambi za chaka chatha zatha. Mitundu yamaluwa yotentha imayimiriridwa ndi mitundu ya spirea yaku Japan, loosestrife, Blumalda ndi ena. Maluwa amatha kukhala ndi pinki kapena mtundu wofiyira.
Choyamba, tiyeni tikambirane za spirea yaku Japan. Tchire lake limafika kutalika kwa 1-1,5 m. Masamba - obiriwira pamwambapa komanso otuwa pansipa, oblong, ovoid; kugwa chikasu kapena kufiyira. Maluwa ndi ofiira, ofiira, osakanikirana ndi panicle-corymbose inflorescence. Chomera chimamasula mpaka masiku 45. Mitundu yotsatirayi ndiyofala:
- Shirobana Zomwe zimasiyanitsa mitunduyi ndi masamba ang'onoang'ono (2 cm) ndi maluwa oyera kapena apinki. Limamasula mu Julayi-August.
- Golide. Masamba a shrub amasintha mtundu kutengera nthawi ya chaka - kuchokera wachikasu mpaka mkuwa-lalanje. Maluwa ofiira ndi ofiira ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono.
- Crispa. Limamasula kuyambira Julayi mpaka kumapeto kwa chilimwe. Maluwa ndi ang'ono, ofiira ofewa, omwe amakhala ndi ma ambulera apamwamba.
- Atsikana Aang'ono. Kukula kotsika (mpaka 0,6 m), kosakula mosiyanasiyana. Maluwa ndiakulu - mpaka masentimita 4, ofiira, ofiira, osakanikirana ndi inflorescence ya corymbose. Zomera zimatentha pakati pa chilimwe - mu June-Julayi.
- Mafumu Agolide. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwazitundu za "Amwana Aang'ono Okhazikika." Zosiyanasiyana zimakhala ndi kutalika kwakukulu chitsamba - mpaka 1 m, masamba achikasu.
Spirea yaku Japan ndi amodzi mwazodziwika bwino, koma kutali ndi mitundu yokha yamaluwa otentha. Komanso choyenera ndi:
- Spirea Bumalda. Uku ndikuwona kowoneka wosakanizidwa. Zomera zimafikira kutalika kwa 0,5-0.8 m, zimakhala ndi mphukira ndi masamba okongola kwambiri - nthawi yachilimwe yobiriwira, komanso yophukira chikasu, ofiira ndi penti wofiirira. Maluwa ndi pinki.
- Pakati pazitseko za Bumald, mitundu yotchuka kwambiri ndi Goldflame. Chitsamba chimafikira kutalika kwa 0,8 m. Ngati mbewu yobzidwa padzuwa, masamba ake amasintha mtundu kutengera nyengo - kuchokera ku golide-lalanje kukhala wofiirira. Masamba a tchire obzalidwa pamthunzi satha kusintha kotere.
- Spirea kumasula. Zosiyanazo zimasiyanitsidwa ndi masamba ataliatali okhala ndi masamba ofikira (mpaka 10 cm) ndi maluwa oyera kapena apinki. Ma inflorescence amatha kutalika 20 cm.
- Spirea Douglas. Nthawi zamaluwa ndi Julayi-Seputembara. Maluwa ake ndi pinki. Mabasi amakula mpaka 1.5 m wamtali.
- Spirea Billard. Ichi ndi chosakanizira cha loosestrife ndi Douglas spirea. Mabasi ndiwokwera - mpaka mamita 2. Maluwa ndi pinki, omwe amatisonkhanitsidwa mu inflorescence yayitali. Limamasula kuyambira pakati pa chilimwe mpaka chisanu.
Ngakhale asanasankhe malo omaliza kubzala chitsamba, ayenera kudziwa kukula ndi mtundu wa mbewu yomwe angafune. Zosiyanasiyana zimasiyana: Zitha kukhala zopangika komanso zoyenera pa malo ochepa, ndipo zimatha kukula mpaka m'mbali. Chifukwa chake, pakubzala patokha, mapangidwe a hedges ndi mapiri a Alpine, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mbewu imasankhidwa.
Spirea "Little Princess" amawoneka bwino kuphatikiza ndi mitundu ina ya spirea, conifers, lavender. Mtunduwu ndi woyenera kapangidwe ka mabedi amaluwa, minda yamiyala, malo pafupi ndi dziwe
Spirea wa Billard sateteza chisanu komanso singasinthe mthunzi, koma ndibwino kuti mudzabzalire m'malo abwino.
Spirea Wangutta amapereka masamba angapo oyambira ndipo ndi abwino kuti angobzala kamodzi.
Kwa maudzu, muyenera kusankha mitundu yomwe imakhala ndi masamba ochepa oyambira ndikubwereka bwino podulira. Mapiri a Alpine amatha kukongoletsedwa ndi mitundu yomwe ikukula pang'onopang'ono. Ndipo pakubzala kamodzi, ndibwino kusankha mbewu zokhala ndi mphukira zoyambira zomwe zimakhala m'dera lalikulu. Kwa miyala yamiyala yamiyala yamiyala yamitundu yosiyanasiyana, mitundu yaying'ono imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mwa kusankha mitundu ingapo yomwe imaphukira nthawi zosiyanasiyana, wosamalira mundawo amatha kukwanitsa kutulutsa maluwa kuchokera koyambira mpaka nyengo yozizira.
Zomwe zimafalitsa za spirea
Chitsamba chimamera mowolowa manja (mwa njere) komanso mwakukula (mwa kudula, kugawa, kugawa chitsamba). Njira yoyamba ndi yovuta. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka ndi obereketsa akamagwira ntchito yobereka mitundu yatsopano. Zofesedwa ndi mbewu, zinthu zodzala zimasonkhanitsidwa m'dzinja, zofesedwa m'mapalleti apadera ndi dziko lapansi ndipo zimamera pansi pa filimu yamafuta. Mphukira zingabzalidwe panthaka yophukira. Nthaka iyenera kuphatikizidwa bwino.
Kuphatikiza kwakukulu kumangoyambitsidwa kuphukira kwa gulu loyamba. Mitundu ya haibridi silipereka mbewu zonse. Kuti muyesere kumera kwa mbewu, pangani kuyesa kufesa
Kufalikira kwamasamba kumatha kukhala amitundu itatu.
Njira # 1 - kudula
Kwa iye, akuwombera 10-15 masentimita popanda maluwa amasankhidwa, amathandizidwa ndi yankho la fungicidal, pambuyo pake ali okonzeka kubzala pansi. Ndikwabwino kubzala spirea m'nyumba. Dothi limanyowa, madzi amapopera madzi kotero kuti chinyezi cha mpweya chili pafupifupi 85%, ndipo phesi limakutidwa ndi filimu.
Kanemayo adakonzedweratu - mabowo amabooleredwa kuti adye mpweya. Ikani 30 cm masentimita kuchokera kudula obzala.
Njira yachiwiri # - kufalikira
Njira yosavuta komanso yothandiza kwambiri. Chiwerengero cha kupulumuka kwa mbande zopezeka pogwiritsa ntchito zigawo ndi chambiri. Nthambi za spirea zimakhota, zimangiririka pansi ndikugona ndi dothi. Mofulumira, nthambi zimamera, kenako zimadulidwira kuchitsamba ndikuzika mbande yomalizidwa.
Njira # 3 - kugawa chitsamba
Kuchita izi nthawi zambiri kumachitika mu nthawi yophukira kapena masika. Ngati mukufunika kugawa chitsamba mchaka, ndiye kuti muyenera kusankha nthawiyo mpaka masamba oyamba awonekere. Kuberekera kwa masika kwa spirea kumakhala ndi zabwino komanso zovuta zake.
Mwayi ndikuphatikizira mwachangu kwa chomera mu kukula, chovuta chake ndikuwonjezereka kwa matendawa chifukwa cha nyengo yotentha. Kuti athane ndi vutoli, mbande zimanyowa munjira ya fungicidal.
Malamulo onse obzala spirea
Spirea iyenera kubzalidwa pang'ono acidic, makamaka m'malo a pH osaloledwa. Nthaka iyenera kukhala yokhala ndi michere yambiri, komanso yothandizidwa bwino. Ndikwabwino kubzala mizu yamaluwa yophukira nthawi ya chilimwe, ndipo maluwa ozungulira maluwa otentha azizika bwino mu nthawi ya masika ndi yophukira. Omwe alimi ambiri ali ndi lingaliro kuti mwezi wabwino kwambiri wobzala mitundu ya maluwa otentha ndi Seputembara. Omwe amakhala nawo pafupi kwa spirea amatha kukhala conifers - spruce, juniper, thuja.
Asanabzale, kudulira kwa spirea kumanyowa kwa maola angapo mu njira yothira fangayi
Mtundu uliwonse wa spirea umakhala ndi umunthu payokha, koma pali malamulo obzala onse amitundu yonse. Mukawamatira, mbewuyo imaphuka bwino ndipo imakula bwino m'tsogolo. Malangizo a odziwa bwino ntchito zamaluwa:
- Zomera zobzala ziyenera kuthandizidwa ndi fungicide.
- Zowonongeka za zodula ziyenera kuchotsedwa.
- Ubzalidwe bwino m'nthaka kapena dothi labwino. Ngati dothi silili bwino, limachulukidwa mwa kuwonjezera peat kapena dothi losakanizika ndi mchenga.
- Denga lokhazikika lomwe limakhala lotalika masentimita 15 mpaka 20 liyenera kukonzedwa.
- Bzalani phesi lakuya pafupifupi 0.5 m.
- Khosi la mizu liyenera kuzimiririka ndi nthaka kapena kuzamitsidwa ndi masentimita awiri.
- Nyengo yabwino yonyamulirayo ndi yamvula, yamvula.
- Mutabzala mbewu m'nthaka, imathiriridwa, ndikuwazidwa ndi peat kapena utuchi.
Dzenje la spirea liyenera kukhala lalikulu kwambiri kuposa mizu ya mbewu. Amakumba m'masiku 2-4 ndikuzilola kuti ziyime. Kenako amakonzekeretsa ngalandeyo, ndikutsitsa mbewuyo m'dzenjemo, ndikuitaya ndi nthaka ndikuyigwirizanitsa. Ngati spiraea imafalikira pogawa chitsamba, ndiye kuti chimacho chimachotsedwa pansi, ndikuthiridwa m'madzi kuti alekanitse dothi, kenako ndikudula pakati ndi secateurs, iliyonse yomwe imayenera kukhala ndi mizu yabwino ndi mizu ingapo.
Zodulidwa ziyenera kubzala choyamba mumphika kapena pallet m'nyumba, ndipo pokhapokha - poyera
Chisamaliro cha Spirea - Zosavuta
Kuti chitsamba chiwoneka bwino, chimadulidwa ndipo korona amapangidwa. Masamba otambalala ndi piramidi ndi okongola kwambiri. "Tsitsi" lenileni limasankhidwa ndi mwini wake, kuyang'ana kwambiri pamapangidwe apatsambalo. Kudulira sikukhudza kukula kwa mbewu. Chotsani nthambi zofooka ndi zakale (zaka 7 mpaka 14). Amadulidwa pachitsa. Ndikwabwino kudula korona m'chaka, kufikira masamba atawonekera. Ngati wadulira pakati pa chilimwe, ndiye kuti spirea imaphukanso mu kugwa.
Mukadulira, nthaka imathiriridwa ndi manyowa osungunulidwa m'madzi. Kusakaniza kuyenera kutsanulidwa pansi pa mizu. Mutha kuthira manyowa ndi yankho la superphosphate. Kukula: 8-10 g wa feteleza pa 10 malita a madzi. Choyeneranso ndi Kemira Universal. Nthawi ya 1 sq. pangani 100 g ya ndalama za granular. Spirea safuna kuthirira kwambiri, ndikwanira kusunga chomera panthawi yachilala. Ndowa ziwiri za madzi ndizokwanira pa chitsamba. Kwa nthawi yozizira, mizu imatha kuphimbidwa ndi masamba masentimita 10-15.
Spirea imatha kuchita popanda kudulira, koma ndibwino kuti muzidula pafupipafupi kuti muzikhala ndi mawonekedwe okongola komanso zipatso za mtengowo.
Spirea imayamba kutenga matenda oyamba ndi mafangasi - ascochitosis, ramulariosis, septoria. Mutha kuwazindikira mwa mawonekedwe a mawanga. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kupopera mbewuyo ndi Bordeaux osakaniza, Fundazol kapena colloidal sulfure. Chachikulu ndi kukonza shrub isanayambe kapena itatha maluwa.
Mwa tizirombo, akangaude ndi ma aphid amatha kukhala osasangalatsa kwambiri. Zizindikiro za "ntchito" ya nkhusuyo ndi mawonekedwe a mabowo pamasamba, kufota ndi kugwa, tsamba. Mutha kuthana ndi tizilombo pothira mafuta ndi phosphamide kapena karbofos. Kupezeka kwa nsabwe za m'masamba kungatsimikizidwe ndi kulumidwa ndi kufota inflorescences. Pyrimor kapena othandizira ofananawo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthana ndi nsabwe za m'masamba.
Spirea imatha kuukiridwa ndi nkhono. Mutha kuphunzira momwe mungathanirane nawo kuchokera pa vidiyoyi, yomwe imalongosola mawonekedwe odulira ndi kusamalira chomera.
