Masiku ano, m'madela athu akunyumba, zomangamanga zomwe sizingatchulidwe kuti ndizothandiza sizofunikira. Kodi cholinga chawo ndi chiyani? Zidachitika kuti othandizira athu akubwera mdzikoli kudzapumula, osati kuti asinthe ntchito yamtundu wina. Koma kuti mupumule bwino muyenera china chofuna kukondweretsa diso. Mwachitsanzo, dambo labwino kwambiri, dziwe lochita kupanga ndi nsomba, malo okongola okongola, chipinda chosambira cha Russia, kapena benchi yosema. Chimodzi mwazinthu zomwe zimadziwika kwambiri pakati pa olima munda ndi choti mudzipange nokha kuti muchitire munda wopangidwa ndi mitengo.
Tisanapitirire ndikupanga cholembera chokongoletsera matabwa, timagawa kapangidwe kake m'magawo atatu: pulatifomu, chimango, komanso padenga. Kuti muthandizire kutendayenda, mutha kupanga payekhapayekha gawo lililonse, kenako ndikungophatikiza pamodzi. Ifenso tichita.
Izi mphero zamatabwa ndi ntchito yabwino ya zaluso: kuchuluka kwake pantchito ndi akhama pantchito yawo. Mosakayikira mudzafunanso kuchita chimodzimodzi. Sankhani chitsanzo chanu
Gawo # 1 - kukhazikitsa koyambira
Pulatayo ndiye gawo lotsika la chigayo, maziko ake. Iyenera kukhala yolimba komanso yokhazikika kuti ichirikize kulemera kwa chinthu chonsecho. Kukhazikitsa kwa gawo lakumunsi kuyenera kuyamba ndi kupanga mainchesi 60x60 cm kukula kwake .. Pazifukwa izi timagwiritsa ntchito bolodi 15 cm cm, pafupifupi 2 cm. Bolodi yokhala ndi 20 mm, yomwe nthawi zambiri imatchedwa "clapboard", ndi yabwino pantchito yotere.
Maziko awa amapangidwa mwanjira ya chipika. Chithunzicho chikuwonetsa bwino momwe ndikofunikira kupanga zosankha zodula kumene mapangidwe apangidwewo
Ma paramu a pulatifomu amayenera kuwunikira nthawi ndi nthawi kuyeza mtunda wa diagonal ndi tepi muyeso. Malo omangidwa bwino osapotozedwa amalola kuti chinthu chonsecho chikhale cholimba komanso chodalirika.
Mphero yokongoletsera idzaikidwa pa udzu kapena pansi, zomwe mosakayikira zimabweretsa kulumikizidwa kwa nkhuni ndi dothi lonyowa. Popewa kuwola, mutha kuyiyika pamiyendo, yomwe idasiyanitsidwa ndi mafayilo osafunikira. Kutchingira kwabwino kwa miyendo kumatha kupangidwa ndi chitoliro cha PVC. Timasankha chitoliro ndi mulifupi wabwino ndi kudula 20 cm kuchokera pamenepo.
Tsopano tikufunika mipiringidzo inayi yomwe imangiriza zigawo za payipi. Timalumikiza zigawozo ndi matabwa pogwiritsa ntchito zomata zodzigwetsa tokha. Timakonza miyendo yomalizidwa kumakona anayi amkati a nsanja. Ndikofunikira kuyang'ana mulingo kuti miyendo ikhale yofanana kutalika kuyambira pachiyambipo mpaka pansi.
Ndipo pazithunzi izi ndizomwe zimamangidwa zomwe tikufotokoza. Mwa njira, m'malo mwa mapaipi a PVC, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito tayala lanu lakale lazida pansi pa chigayo
Imakhalabe yotseka gawo lammunsi lamapangidwewo kuchokera pamwambapa ndi matabwa, kuyiyika mosamala mbali imodziyo. Ndikofunika kumangiriza chipangizocho ndi zomata zodzipaka nokha. Tsamba lomwe likuyambitsa liziwoneka ngati chopondera. Musaiwale za kufunika kwa mpweya wabwino wa kapangidwe kake. Pachifukwa ichi, mutha kubowola maenje khumi ndi awiri papulogalamu yopingasa. Mwa njira, ndiwothandizanso pochotsa madzi muchimacho, chomwe chimadziunjikira mvula ikagwa.
Njira ina yomwe ingapangidwe pomanga nsanja ndikutsatira nyumba ya mitengo. Ngati nkhani yake, zodula mafosholo ngabwino. Mutha kupanga "nyumba yokhala ndi zipika" zoterezi, koma makhoma asanu amawoneka bwino.
Gawo # 2 - chimango ndi kupanga madenga
Tipanga chimanga chokongoletsera munda wanu pogwiritsa ntchito matabwa anayi. Mipiringidzo inayi iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pachiyambipo komanso pamwamba pake. M'mawonekedwe ake, mapangidwe ake azikhala ndi piramidi yokhazikika komanso maziko a 40x40 masentimita ndi nsonga ya 25x25 cm.Timapanga chingwecho ndi chingwe. Mawonekedwe ake onse zimadalira momwe gawo lapakati limapangidwira.
Apa tikugwiritsa ntchito piramidi yotereyi ngati gawo lapakati la kapangidwe kathu. Sheathe bwino ndi bolodi yomweyo, osayiwala za mawindo ndi chitseko
Mphero imawoneka yokongola kwambiri komanso yokongola ngati mupanga mawindo okongoletsa, zitseko kapena ngakhale makonde mkati mwake. Zokongoletsa zotere ndi zina zimapatsa nyumbayo mawonekedwe, apadera. Piramidi yotsirizidwa imatha kulimbikitsidwa pamunsi mokonzekera ndi mabawuti ndi mtedza. Mutha, mwachidziwikire, kumangiriza chipangizocho ndi zomata kapena misomali, koma pomwepo chimasanduka chosagawanika ndipo nthawi yozizira kumakhala kovuta kwambiri kupeza malo oti muzisunga.
Mphero, zopangidwa pamaziko a nyumba yokhala ndi makoma asanu, zimawonekeranso zokongola kwambiri. Sankhani kuchokera ku zosankha zosiyanasiyana zomwe zikukuyenererani
Imakhalabe yomanga padenga la mphero, yomwe, ngati chipewa, imapangitsa ntchitoyi kuti ikhale yowoneka bwino. Pamadenga, pamafunika masikono awiri amizeremizere ya masentimita 30x30x35, omwe amalumikizidwa ndi maziko ndi mabodi atatu m'lifupi, ndipo pamwamba ndi mabatani (60 cm).
Kuti mapangidwe ake akhale okhazikika, ndizotheka kulumikiza maziko ndi padenga la chimango ndi wina aliyense pogwiritsa ntchito chitsulo cholunjika, choponderezedwa pamagawo awiri. Kuphatikiza koteroko kumapangitsa kuti padenga la mphero lizungulira mozungulira. Mutha kuphimba padenga ndi chitsulo champhamvu ndi zingwe zomwezo.
Gawo # 3 - nkhwangwa yozungulira komanso yomasukaku, bwato
Ndodo yachitsulo imafunikira kuti ithandizire. Chingwe cha tsitsi lalitali mamita 1.5 ndi mainchesi 14 mm ndiloyenera. Khwangwala wokhazikika, wokhala ndi ulusi kutalika kwa chimango chonse (pafupifupi mita imodzi), ayenera kutetezedwa kuchokera pansi ndi kuchokera kumtunda ndi mtedza ndi ma washer. Chokhazikacho chimayikidwa pakatikati pa maziko a padenga komanso mkati mwa gawo lotsika. Mphero imafunikira nkhwangwa yolunjika kuti "mutu" wake utembenuke "mphepo". Momwe mavoterowa amawonekera kuchokera kumbali amatha kuwonekera muvidiyo.
Chokhazikacho cholumikizidwa chimaphatikizidwa chimodzimodzi ndi axis yokhazikika. Afunika ndodo pafupifupi 40 cm. Khwangwala wopingasa imakhala pamwamba penipeni pa khondo. Khwangwala amayenera kudutsa m'matumba awiri okhala ndi zimbalangondo: umabowola denga, kudutsa mbali yomweyo. Zimbalangondo zokha ziyenera kukhazikitsidwa mkati mwa bolodi. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani ntchito bolodi yolumikizana yomwe imadutsa pagululo ndikukoka dzenje la mayeserowo. Masamba adzalumikizidwa ndi nkhwangwa yochokera.
Kuti mumange mphero yomwe imawoneka ngati yeniyeni, mutha kupanga chiwongolero chamapiko. Adzagwera komwe mphepo ikuluza. Boti loyenda ngati lotere limapangidwa ndi mitengo iwiri yamatabwa, bolodi pakati pa zoyambira ndi pakati. Sitimayo sayenera kulemera, chifukwa chake ndibwino kuti muziwomba ndi pulasitiki kapena pepala loyika. Timakonza cholowera pamwambo ndi cholembera chodziyimira pambali moyang'anizana ndi wotsatsira.
Chimawoneka ngati mphero ndi ngalawa, yomwe imagwirizanitsa mapangidwe ndi mapiko ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito posaka mphepo ngati mukupanga mawonekedwe osinthika
Onerani kanemayo, ndipo adzakuwonekerani bwino pazifukwa zina. Mwakutero, mutha kukana zochulukirapo ngati mukungofunika mphero yokongoletsera yomwe singasinthe, koma ingokongoletsani tsamba lanu ndi kukhalapo kwake. Mtundu wapano ufunikira kulimbikira, koma ukuwoneka bwino.
Gawo # 4 - kupanga chochititsa chidwi
Piniwheel ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri pamapangidwe omwe amatha kukongoletsa kapena, nkuwononga. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti mapiko a mphero yathu sayenera kulemera kwambiri. Timatenga timapulogalamu timabati tiwiri 1.5m, kutalika kwa 5 cm ndi 2 cm.Tinadula timiyala tomwe tili pakati pa matabwa awa. Mukamaphimba pamiyala ikuluikulu, mipiringidzo imayenera kulowa wina ndi mnzake. Timakonza zolumikizira ndi ma bawuti.
Mfundo za kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka mapiko a mbewa sizimasiyananso ndi kuzungulira kwa malembedwe a cholembera cha ana: zimapangidwa kotero kuti kuthamangitsidwa ndi mphepo yoyendetsedwa ndi mapiko
Iliyonse mwa masamba omwe amatulutsa ndi maziko a matabwa. Ayenera kukhomedwa kuti iliyonse ya mapiko ake ikhale ngati trapezoid mawonekedwe. Timakonza za propeller-propeller pamzere wokulira. Chonde dziwani kuti sipinachi ndi chiwongolero chake ziyenera kuyenderana. Tsopano popeza kukhazikitsa padenga ndi chiwongolero chanyumba ndi maveni kwatsirizika, mutha kudula gawo lowonjezera lazitali.
Gawo # 5 - kukongoletsa mawonekedwe omalizidwa
Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, mapangidwe ake amatha kuzungulira kapena kukhala osasunthika. Mtundu umodzi umakhala wogwira bwino, winanso wosavuta, koma chinthu chosavuta kwambiri chokongoletsa chimatha kupangidwa chokongola komanso choyenera kuyang'aniridwa ndi mitundu yonse ya matamando.
Onani momwe Mitundu yosavuta yopunthira ingapangidwire kukhala wokongola komanso wokongola. Gwiritsani ntchito malingaliro omwe ali mu izi
Pa mphero iyi, chotumphukira ndi udzu wabwino zimapanga maziko abwino kwambiri omwe amakongoletsa bwino zinthu zokongoletsa za modabwitsa uyu.
Kodi kukongoletsa dongosolo lomalizidwa motani?
- Pendi mphero ndi kukongoletsa malo opangira matabwa. Matabwa enieniwo ndi okongola, koma ngati mukufuna kuchita chinthu chapadera, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito utoto wamitundu yosiyanasiyana.
- Musaiwale zenera ndi chitseko. Kupezeka kwawo kumaseweredwe mosangalatsa, mwachitsanzo, mothandizidwa ndi mapulateleti osema kapena mafelemu amtundu wosiyanitsa.
- Nyali za m'minda zomwe zimayikidwa mkati mwa mbewa pansi pazenera zake zimapangitsa kuti malowedwewo akhale okongola kwambiri mumdima.
- Maluwa okongola kuzungulira nyumbayo amathanso kukhala chokongoletsera chake, ngati sichitali kwambiri. Ndikwabwino kusankha mbewu zoyambira pansipa. Kuphatikiza apo, ali pa kutalika kwa mafashoni. Mbiri yabwino kwambiri ya chithunzichi ndi chitsamba chokongoletsera.
Mphero yokongoletsera, yopangidwa mwachikondi komanso mwakhama, imakongoletsa malo aliwonse kwambiri ndipo, mwatsoka, imatha kukopa chidwi cha osangokopa owonerera, komanso akuba akumayiko. Ganizirani momwe mungapangitsire kuti zichotsedwe pamalowo zisakhale zosatheka. Mwachitsanzo, mutha kukumba ndi kupanga payipi yachitsulo yomwe kenako mumangapo maziko a nyumbayo. Lolani ntchito yanu yabwino kusangalatsa inu ndi alendo anu kwa zaka zambiri.
