Mukufuna kukhala ndi kaloti zokoma muzakoti nyengo yonse yozizira - mitundu yabwino komanso njira zozisunga. Momwe mungachepetse masamba?

Nkhaniyi ikuthandizani kumvetsetsa njira yosunga kaloti m'nyengo yozizira. Momwe mungakonzekerere bwino masamba kuti ikhale mpaka masika, momwe mungadulire komanso nthawi yomweyo musunge kukoma kwake.

Ndipotu, kaloti ndi chomera chopanda pake. Kuti muzisunga, muyenera kuphunzira zinsinsi za mzuwu wapadera komanso wothandiza musanayambe kudulira ndi kuika masamba kusungirako.

Pa malamulo a kudulira ndi kusunga, tikufotokozera mwatsatanetsatane m'nkhani yathu. Mukhozanso kuyang'ana kanema yothandiza pa mutu uwu.

Zapadera za masamba

Mu kaloti, kuchuluka kwa madzi kumakhala kwakukulu - mpaka 80%. Choncho, zotsatira zake zoipa - mvula yambiri, yonyowa pokhala kapena mpweya wouma pamalo ake osungirako - ndi osayenerera. Mthunzi wochokera muzu wa mbewu umasanduka ndipo karoti amafota.

Ma microclimate mu malo osungirako ayenera kukhala nthawi zonse: popanda kusinthasintha kwa kutentha ndi kusintha kwadzidzidzi kwa chinyezi. Kaloti adzasungidwa bwino ndi kugulitsidwa ngati ziyenera kukhazikitsidwa:

1. Onetsetsani kutentha kwabwino kosapitirira 2 ° C.
2. Perekani mpweya wabwino. Musapange ma drafts.
3. Chinyezi chiyenera kukhala chapamwamba, chosachepera 90%.

Kaloti adzasungidwa bwino ngati mpweya wabwino wa mpweya umapangidwira mu malo osungirako ndipo nthawi zonse kutentha ndi chinyezi zimakhala zokhazikika.

Kusankha kalasi yoyenera

Kusankha kalasi yoyenera ya kusungirako nthawi yayitali ndizofunikira kwambiri kuti mupambane.. Ayenera kukhala olemera kwambiri, opanda matenda, komanso opanda kuwonongeka kwa makina.

Ndibwino kuti musagwiritse ntchito mitundu ya mizu yoyambirira kwa zizindikiro zozizira. Chinyezicho chimachoka mofulumira, ndi bwino kuzigwiritsa ntchito mwatsopano. Koma, ngati chirimwe chiri chochepa ndi mvula, ndiye kenako mitundu siimapsa, sizimadziunjikira shuga ndi fiber, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti kusunga khalidwe kuli kochepa.

Mukamagula mbeu muyenera kumvetsera zotsatirazi:

• chipatso chiyenera kukhala ndi mawonekedwe olondola;
• ali ndi zokolola zambiri;
• sungani bwino.

Ndibwino kuti yosungirako ikule kapena kugula mitundu yotsatira ya kaloti:

• Moscow nyengo yozizira. Kukula-mwakukulu, ndi kuwonongeka kwa ukalamba, kungasungidwe kwa chaka.
• Shantane. Akuyang'ana pakatikati pa nyengo ndi mitundu yololera. Zamasamba ndi zowutsa, zokoma ndi zokoma. Moyo wanyumba ndi pafupi miyezi 10.
• Nantes. Zosiyana siyana, koma mogwirizana ndi zikhalidwe zosungirako kuyambira miyezi 8 mpaka 10. Ili ndi kukoma kokoma.

Mitundu yotsatirayi imadziwikanso ndi khalidwe lapamwamba la kusunga:

1. Pewani.
2. Vita Long
3. Mfumukazi ya autumn.
4. Karlen.
5. Vitamini 6.
6. Samson Cascade.
7. Nigel

Kodi kudulira ndi chifukwa chiyani ndikufunikira?

Mizu yokolola mbewu - Njira yochotsera masamba. Zimathandiza kusunga zakudya mu kaloti, zimasiya kuvunda, zowuma, ndipo zimachotsa mbewu yonse.

Chomeracho chinachoka pazu, posakhalitsa chimayamba kukula, kutenga madzi ndi zofunikira zowunikira zinthu kuchokera ku zamasamba. Choncho, izi ndizovomerezeka.

Pamene kudula kaloti, ndibwino kuti tiganizire za alumali moyo:

• mpaka miyezi 3-4 - nsonga zimakonzedwa 2-3 masentimita pamwamba pa mutu wa mwanayo;
• mpaka miyezi 10-12 - nsonga zimadulidwa ndi masamba awiri kapena atatu masentimita, choncho masamba amakhala okonzekera kusungirako nthawi yaitali.

Pamene kudulira kuli kozama, ndi kugwidwa kwa mbali ya masamba, njira yozomera ya chipatso imasiya. Kotero, amakhalabe amadziwawa, kukoma kwawo kumasungidwa. Ngati karotiyo imapanga mbewu, ndiye kuti masamba obiriwirawo amadulidwa, kuchoka 2 cm.

Kodi ndikufunika kudulira mitengo, ngati mumasunga masamba m'chipinda chapansi pa nyumba?

Kaya njira yothetsera - ndi kaloti imayenera kudula nsongazo. Kusungiramo m'chipinda chapansi pa nyumba, njirayi imayenera! Mpeni ukhale wolimba kwambiri kuti pasakhale mphutsi kapena cuttings akhale pa kaloti. M'chipinda chapansi pa nyumba, karoti sangathe kumera, kutanthauza kuti idzasunga kukoma kwake ndi zopindulitsa katundu.

Maumboni ozama momwe mungachitire izi.

Mwamsanga mutatha kukolola kaloti, tsiku lomwelo, liumitsani ndipo muyenera kuyamba kudulira kutentha, nyengo ya dzuwa. Kudula kaloti molondola ndi njira yofunika kwambiri, yomwe imatsimikizira ngati mbeu yonseyo isungidwa. Nthawi zina zimalimbikitsa kuchotsa nsongazo musanakolole. Koma pakadali pano sizingakhale zovuta kutulutsa ndiwo zamasamba kuchokera pansi.

Musachotse nsonga ndi kupotoza, kuvundula kapena kuswa.. Ikhoza kuwononga mizu ya masamba.

Tidzafotokoza mwatsatanetsatane njira ya karoti yoyenera kudulira:

1. Muyenera kuwongolera mpeni kapena lumo, kuti zikhale zolimba momwe zingathere.
2. Popeza karoti ndi masamba osalimba, akhoza kutha ngati osasamala. Choncho, kudulira kumachitika mu magawo awiri: choyamba muyenera kuchotsa masamba ku mizu.
3. Ndiye kudula nsongazo. Kodi mungadule bwanji? Izi ziyenera kuchitika pogwira masentimita angapo a muzu. Kodi ndi kagawo kotani m'munsi mwa masamba oyambirira kumadalira cholinga cha kusungirako.
4. Chalk nthawi zina imagwiritsidwa ntchito kudulidwa mwatsopano zotsatira zodalirika.
5. Onetsetsani kuti palibe mfundo zomwe zikukula kapena hemp podula.
6. Pindani mizu mu malo ozizira, owuma, bwino mpweya wabwino. Yembekezani mpaka pamwamba pa mdulidwe pa masamba onse sangatengeke ndi kutumphuka kouma.
7. Pambuyo pake, pempheraninso zokolola ndi udzu kunja kwa mizu yakuda kapena yowonongeka.
8. Tengani kaloti yosungirako.

Njira zopulumutsa

Pali njira zambiri zotsimikiziridwa komanso zotsimikiziridwa zapamwamba zapamwamba zosungiramo zolowa kaloti.

Mabotolo kapena mapulasitiki apansi

Mabokosi sayenera kukhazikika pafupi ndi 15-20 masentimita kuchokera ku khoma yosungirako, chifukwa chotheka. Ndi bwino kukhazikitsa bokosi limodzi ndi mizu pazitsulo kapena pakhungu.

Bungwe: Vutoli liyenera kutengedwa pa mlingo wa 15-20 makilogalamu a mbewu muzu.

Mitundu yodzaza mabokosi:

• Mchenga. Mchenga umasungira kukoma kwa kaloti, imodzi mwa malo otchuka kwambiri. Mchenga uyenera kutengedwa pang'ono: chifukwa, madzi amodzi okha ndi okwanira mchenga. Thirani mchenga woyamba wa 5 masentimita wandiweyani pansi pa thanki, kenako ikani kaloti. Ndikofunika kuika m'njira yoti pali malo aulere pakati pa mizu. Dulani kaloti ndi mchenga, kenako mchenga ndi zina pamwamba pa thanki.
• Zamchere dothi. Ndibwino kwambiri kusunga mizu mbewu mu madzi dothi mu chipinda chapansi kapena cellar. Oyenera malo omwe kaloti imavunda ndipo sungasungidwe bwino. Pewani dongo ndi madzi, misa iyenera kukoka. Mzuwu uliwonse "kusamba" mu phulusa ladongo, ndiye wouma. Pindani m'mabokosi ophika.
• Chiwombankhanga. Ndi bwino kutenga mitengo ya utuchi wa coniferous. The phenol yomwe ili mu nkhaniyi imateteza karoti ku matenda ndi zowola ndi matenda ena. Mbewu yazuzi imayikidwa mabokosi ndi kutsanulira ndi utuchi mofanana ndi momwe mumagwiritsa ntchito mchenga, kusinthanitsa zigawo.
• Choko chakumwa. Njirayi ndi yofanana kwambiri ndi imene dothi limagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mzu uliwonse umathira mu yophika madzi choko (wandiweyani zogwirizana). Pambuyo kuyanika, mokoma pindani karoti mu chidebe.
• Moss. Kaloti samatsuka, owuma, amanama patsiku, koma osati dzuwa. Malowa azikhala ozizira ndi owuma. Sphagnum moss (peat) kuti mugone pansi pa bokosi. Kenaka, kusinthanitsa magawo ngati mchenga kapena utuchi, mudzaze chidebe chonsecho ndi kaloti ndi moss.

Onerani kanema pa momwe mungasunge kaloti:

Matumba a polyethylene

Mukasungira kaloti m'matumba, mungasankhe zinthu zilizonse, koma mpaka 25-30 makilogalamu. Ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito phukusi laling'ono, lopangidwa ndi 1.5-2 makilogalamu, kuti zikhale zosavuta kunyamula ndikuzindikira kuwonongeka pakati pa mizu ya masamba.

Masamba okonzedweratu amadzazidwa ndi matumba olimba, oponyedwa pansi kapena kuikidwa m'chipinda chozizira ndi chouma. Ndikofunika kukhazikitsa mapepala pa alamulo kapena malo apadera.

Mapaka sayenera kutsekedwa, kapena mabowo ang'onoang'ono ayenera kupanga pansi.. Izi ndizofunika kuti mpweya uzikhala wambiri kuti mthunzi usapangire mkati mwa thumba. Komabe, ngati condensate imatuluka, ndiye kuti n'zotheka kufalitsa zinthu zowonjezera chinyezi.

Ubwino wa njira iyi:

• mpweya wautali m'matumba;
• kuyeretsa kwa mbewu muzu yosungirako;
• chitetezo ku makoswe;
• chifukwa choyika matumba abwino pamalo alionse m'chipinda kapena m'chipinda chapansi.

Koma ndi njira yosungirako idataya gawo la kukoma kaloti.

Penyani kanema pa kusunga kaloti m'matumba apulasitiki:

Mu saucepan kapena mtsuko

Njira imodzi yosungirako ndikuti mizu yokonzekera imayikidwa mu miphika ya enamel kapena zitini zowonongeka. Pa nthawi yomweyi, mizu yokolola muzitsulo imayikidwa vertically.. Chivindikiro chimayikidwa pamwamba. Njira iyi ndi yabwino kwa zipinda zozizira.

Njira yosavuta

Njira yosachedwa. Kaloti amatsanulira pansi m'chipinda chapansi pa nyumba kapena pansi. Ndi njira iyi, mbeuyi ili pangozi yoti idye ndi makoswe. Mu mulu wotere wa mizu ukhoza kuuma mofulumira.

Malingana ndi telojeti yomwe yasankhidwa, salifu moyo wa kaloti amasintha:

• mu "shirts" kapena "choko" sheki kapena dongo "idzakhala motalika kwambiri - m'chaka;
• mu zitsulo zomwe mchenga, utuchi, anyezi amatsanulira - osapitirira miyezi 8;
• anatsanulira pansi kapena mabokosi opanda mabokosi - mpaka miyezi isanu ndi umodzi;
• zodzala mu matumba a polyethylene, matumba apulasitiki - osapitirira miyezi isanu ndi umodzi.

Mavuto angakhalepo

Kaloti nthawi yosungirako ikhoza kuvunda, kutaya kulawa, kuchepetsa kulemera, kutaya khalidwe la malonda. Muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti izi sizichitika. Kuti muchite izi, chitani izi:

• onetsetsani kuti chinyezi sichimasanduka;
• kusunga kutentha konse;
• perekani mpweya wabwino ndi kusinthanitsa mpweya mu chipinda;
• Nthawi zonse mugwire ndikuyang'ana mizu;
• Chotsani chipatso choonongeka, makamaka omwe akudwala zowola;
• mu masamba osokonezeka pang'ono, kuchotsani malo ovunda ndi kuchitira ena onse pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a laimu kapena choko.

Malangizo othandizira ndi machenjezo

Nazi malangizo ndi machenjezo oti musunge kaloti.:

1. Ndikofunika kwambiri pa nthawi yomwe yokolola ikuchitika, kukana mizu yonse yowonongeka. Kusunga kwapamwamba khalidwe kumawonedwa muzitsanzo zabwino zokhazokha.
2. Pofuna kuteteza ming'alu mu kaloti, zomwe zimachepetsa moyo wa alumali, sizingalimbikitsidwe pambuyo pokumba ndikugwedeza nthaka kuchokera ku ndiwo zamasamba ndikuzigwira.
3. Pambuyo kudula nsonga za kaloti, onetsetsani kuti dikirani mpaka mdulidwe uume ndipo umamangiriridwa ndi kutumphuka.
4. Muyenera kuyanika kokha kaloti, komanso kusungirako. Iyenera kukhala yozizira ndi youma.
5. Ngati m'chipinda chapansi muli mantha owotcha masamba, ndiye kuti mukhoza kukulunga ndi kaloti ndi zipangizo zonse zobisala.
6. Kaloti ayenera kukhala kutali ndi dzuwa. Ndikofunika kuyang'anira chinyezi mu chipinda kuti chikhale chabwino.
7. Ndikoyenera kuchita molingana ndi mfundo: yaing'ono chipatso, mwamsanga zimaloledwa kuti zitheke. Mitengo yayikulu, yayikulu masamba amasungidwa bwino.
8. Mukamagwiritsa kaloti ndivunda musakhudze mizu. Chotsani chipatso chamtunduwu mosamala kwambiri ndikupaka malowa ndi laimu-fluff kuti muthe kuchotsa magwero a matenda.

Ndikofunikira: Okhala osayenera kwambiri kwa kaloti ndi apulo. Ethylene wotulutsidwa kuchokera ku zipatso ali ndi zotsatira zoipa pa kukoma kwa muzu.

Pambuyo pofufuza njira zosungiramo ndi kuyendetsa kaloti, mlimi aliyense samangokhalira kukula, koma amathandizanso zotsatira zake. Masamba osungidwa bwino ndiwo magwero a mavitamini ndi chakudya chokoma pa tebulo lachisanu.