Creeper ndi chomera chofanana ndi liana, masamba ali ofanana ndi mtima ndi onyezimira, okongola kwambiri obiriwira. Cinches ndi odzichepetsa mu chisamaliro, komabe palinso mfundo zofunika zomwe muyenera kudziwa ngati mukufuna kubzala maluwa kunyumba, kuti musataye nthawi.
Ndalama chomera: ndi mtundu wanji wa chomera
Creeper ndi chomera kuchokera m'banja la Aroid. Mu chilengedwe chake, ndi mkuntho umene umayenda kuzungulira mitengo ndipo ukhoza kukwera kufika pamtunda wa mamita 13-15.
Amakula m'madera otentha kumwera chakum'mawa kwa Asia.
Kuwonjezera pa mizu pansi pa nthaka, zomera zimakhala ndi mizu ya mlengalenga. Ndiwo omwe amathandiza creeper kukwera pamwamba ndi kukwawa kumalo akutali.
Maluwa a chomera ndi ofanana kwambiri ndi khutu la chimanga: yaing'ono inflorescence yokutidwa ndi chigamulo. Poyankhula za mbande ngati chomera chamtchire, alimi amaluwa amadzifunsa ngati angathe kusunga pakhomo? Inde mungathe. Pano pali maluwa owonera, mwinamwake, sangagwire ntchito. Kunyumba, chomerachi sichitha pachimake.
Mukudziwa? Nzika za ku Sri Lanka ndi Florida zikulimbana ndi vutoli ngati nthenda yowopsya komanso yowopsya yomwe m'madera awo akuphwanya chilengedwe.Ponena za zopindulitsa za zomera, ziyenera kutchulidwa kuti masamba a mpesa amachotsa phytoncides, zomwe zimakhudza mabakiteriya, omwe amawuluka mlengalenga. Chomerachi chimathandiza kukonza mpweya mkati mwa nyumba ndi zinthu zambiri zachilengedwe, zomwe zimathandiza kuti chomeracho chichoke chomera.
Chizindikiro chimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kutuluka kwa ndalama. Amatchedwa "muzhegonom". Mwamunayo mwamunayo amachoka m'nyumba yomwe zomera izi zimakula. Koma amuna anzeru a Kum'maŵa, mmalo mwake, ankaganiza kuti chomera chimakhala ndi mphamvu yoipa, chimachepetsa nkhawa komanso chimapangitsa kuti pakhale mlengalenga.
Kusamalira ndalama zapakhomo ndi kosavuta. Chomeracho si chopanda nzeru, chikhoza kukula mu mdima, osati choyenera kuswana maluwa m'nyumba. Ndipo kutentha kwafunikira ndi kokongola kwambiri. Kawirikawiri, abwino kwa oyamba kumene mu floriculture ndi anthu omwe alibe mwayi wotsalira nthawi yambiri pa anthu awo obiriwira.
Zosangalatsa kwambiri kukula kwa mbande
Pofuna kukonza nyumba, wolemba mabuku ayenera kukhala wodziwa za chilengedwe.
Kuunikira
Chomera cha misonkho chimachokera ku madera otentha, kumene dzuŵa limatenthetsa, koma limakula mumthunzi wa mitengo. Choncho Kunyumba, samalani kusokoneza, kuyatsa. Mulimonsemo palibe chomwe chingalowe mmalo mwachindunji cha dzuwa, ndi bwino kuyika mu chipinda chomwe kuwala kumabwera mmawa kapena madzulo (kummawa kapena kumadzulo).
Ndalama za ndalama zimagwirizanitsidwa bwino m'zipinda ndi kusowa kuwala, ndipo kuunikira kwapangidwe sikungayambitse imfa yake. Koma pakadali pano, masamba amatha kufota, amakhala ochepa, maluwawo amachepetsa kukula kwake. Choncho, ndi bwino kuyesa kupeza chipinda chokhala ndi kuwala kochepa.
Ndikofunikira! Kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kuwala, pang'onozing'ono, pakufunika kuti variegation ileke kutchulidwa.
Kutentha
Nthawi zambiri kutentha kwa nyumba kapena nyumba (19-20 ° C) kumakhala kokwanira. Ndikofunika kuti musakhale ndi chomera pamtunda ndi kutentha pansi pa +16 ° C, chifukwa zingayambe kufota ndi kukhetsa masamba ake. Zojambula ndi kusintha kwadzidzidzi kutentha kumatsutsana ndi bilan.
Mbali za chisamaliro cha chomera
Mofanana ndi zomera zonse zapakhomo, masamba a m'munda amafunika kusamalidwa bwino: kuthirira, kuvala, kuziika. Ndipo popeza chomera chiri ndi mawonekedwe a mipesa, ndiye kuti inunso muyenera kusamalira thandizo lina.
Kusamba malamulo
Pampu yamadzi iyenera kukhala nthawi zonse, koma osati yambiri.
Ndikofunika kuonetsetsa kuti pakati pa ulimi wothirira nthaka ili ndi nthawi youma pafupifupi limodzi mwa magawo atatu a kuya kwake. M'nyengo yozizira, kuthirira kumakhala kotsika. Kamodzi pa sabata kudzakhala kokwanira. Apo ayi, kuwonongeka kwa mizu sikungapewe.
Komanso musaiwale za madzi abwino. Koma kutentha kwa mpweya m'chipinda momwe mphamvu ikukula ikuyenera kutengedwa moyenera.
Kutentha kwa mpweya
Kutentha kwa mpweya wamkuntho ndi chinthu chofunikira kuti chilengedwe chikhale chokwanira komanso chitukuko cha creeper chomera madzi. Ndikofunika kwambiri kusamalira izi m'nyengo yozizira, pamene mpweya wouma umayambitsidwa ndi heater zosiyanasiyana. Mulimonsemo, chomeracho chiyenera kusungidwa pafupi ndi mabatire.
Pogwiritsa ntchito botolo lazitsulo, m'pofunikira kuti uziwaza masamba nthawi ndi nthawi, kapena kusamba ndi madzi oyera, ofunda. Mwa njira, kutsuka chomeracho sikudzangothandiza kokha kuti mupeze chinyezi chokwanira, komanso kuti muwoneke bwino. Ndipo komabe-zidzateteza kuoneka kwa zamoyo zina zovulaza.
Mukudziwa? Madzi otentha ndi owopsa. Zimayambitsa kukwiya pa kukhudzana ndi khungu, choncho muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti chomeracho sichingatheke kwa ana ndi ziweto.
Feteleza
Zakudya za feteleza zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kamodzi pa milungu itatu iliyonse. M'nyengo yozizira, mungathe kuchita zimenezi mobwerezabwereza. Ndi bwino kugula mwapadera sitolo feteleza feteleza yokonzedwa kuti lianovidnogo zomera. Ndipo nthawi zina mumatha kutsanulira tincture wothira zitsamba kapena kumwa tiyi wamba.
Kudulira, kukanikiza, kubwezeretsanso kwa zomera
Mbewu yamera imakula mofulumira, ndikufika kukula kwakukulu. Mukhoza kuimitsa kukula kwake ndi kudulira nthawi zonse. Ndipo kukanikiza kumathandiza kuti maluwawo aziwoneka bwino, chifukwa amatha kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu osati kukula, koma nthambi ndi kukula kwa masamba omwe alipo kale. Komabe, patapita nthawi, mbande zimakula, zimakhala zochepa m'munsi, ndipo izi zikutanthauza kuti mukufunika kukula kambewu kakang'ono.
Thandizo la magetsi
Kawirikawiri kudulira scyndus, mungathe kukwanitsa kukongola kwachitsamba chokhala ndifupipafupi. Kudulira sikusokoneza thanzi la mbewu. Ngati wolima amafuna kutulutsa mpesa, kuti upitirize kukula, chisamaliro chiyenera kutengedwa kuti chichirikize. Mphukira imakula pamtunda wa pafupifupi 35-40 masentimita pachaka.
Mitengo yaing'ono idzakhala ndi masitepe okwanira kapena chingwe chomwe chimayikidwa pambali pa mphika kumene zomera zimabzalidwa. Ngati maluwawo kale ali wamkulu, ndiye kuti mungagwiritse ntchito chubu la pulasitiki yaitali, nthawi zonse ndi mabowo. Kuzidzaza ndi sphagnum ndikuwongolera mpweya wa mphukira m'mabowo, mukhoza kuthandiza chomera kuti mupeze chakudya ndi madzi owonjezera.
Kusamalira ndalama kunyumba
Mtengo wawung'ono umatha kuikidwa kamodzi pa chaka, wamkulu wina aliyense zaka zitatu kapena zinayi. Choyenera kuti munthu asamalolere kusinthana ndibwino kuti adzalandire chithandizo pa nthawi yomwe ikukula kwambiri - kumapeto kwa February kapena kumayambiriro kwa March. Mphika umatengedwa mokwanira, kuti pakhale mpata wobzala zipatso zina zowonjezera apo ndikupanga chitsamba chobiriwira chobiriwira.
Chomeracho chimakonda nthaka pang'ono ya asidi. Kusakaniza kwa kubzala kwakonzedwa kuchokera ku peat, pepala ndi nthaka ya humus, dothi lowonjezera ndi perlite. Mukamaikiranso, muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti mphukira za mpesa sizionongeka kapena zowonongeka.
Ndikofunikira! Pakuika pompopu yamadzi, muyenera kukumbukira za kukhalapo kovomerezeka kwa dzenje mumphika ndi madzi abwino.
Mmene mungagwirire ndi tizirombo ndi matenda omwe ali pachibowo
Ngakhale kuti bajetiyo imayesedwa ngati yodula komanso yopanda matenda, mavuto ena amathabe.
Choncho, nkofunika kumvetsetsa zomwe zingayambitse izi ndikuchitapo nthawi.
- Ndalama zamasamba zimatembenuka chikasu ndipo zimatulutsa masamba. Ngati zingapo zagwera pamwezi, ndiye kuti chomeracho chimakula basi, ndipo izi zimawoneka ngati zachilendo. Ngati tsamba lotha kugwira ntchito likuwoneka, limatanthauza kuti duwalo limasowa zakudya zokwanira ndipo liyenera kukhala ndi umuna.
- Masamba owuma. Izi zimachitika kawirikawiri, koma nthawi zina masamba amayamba kuwuma kuchokera kumalangizo. Ichi ndi chizindikiro cha kusowa kwa chinyezi mu chipinda. Simungakhoze kuyika ndodo yotentha pafupi ndi radiator. Musaiwale kuti nthawi zonse muziwaza mbewu.
- Zosinthasintha za mapepala a sincapsus. Mchere wambiri mu nthaka ndi chipinda chozizira - zifukwa zazikulu.
- Mawanga akuda pa masamba ndi masamba akugwa. Chifukwa chake chimadzinso ndi kudumpha kwa nthaka ndi kuwonongeka kwa mizu.
- Masamba obiriwira a zomera. Izi zimasonyeza kuti dzuwa limapitirira. Kusamukira kuyenera kusamutsira ku chipinda chodetsedwa kwambiri.
- Motley masamba amakhala osaya komanso obiriwira. Chomeracho alibe kuwala kokwanira.
Mavuto onsewa athandizidwa mofulumira. Chinthu chachikulu - kuchotsa zomwe zimayambitsa zochitika zawo.
Ngati chomeracho chikudwala matenda a tizilombo kapena fungaleni, ndiye kuti njira yabwino ndiyo kudula mitengo yachitsulo ndi kudzala chomera chatsopano, kupatsidwa zolakwika zomwe tazipanga kale.
Ngati chomera chikukhalabe ndi tizilombo (aphid, kangaude kapena shchitovki), chomeracho chingapulumutsidwe pogwiritsa ntchito njira ya "Aktellica". Madontho 10 a mankhwala amadzipukutira mu 0,5 malita a madzi ndi sprayed liana ndi botolo la kutsitsi. Ndondomeko ikhoza kubwerezedwa ngati kuli kofunikira pambuyo pa masiku 7-8. Mankhwala oposa anayi amaloledwa.
Kuwombera kubereka mwa kudula
Poyankha funso la kufalitsa ndalama, tinganene kuti njirayi ndi yophweka.
Chomeracho chimafalitsidwa ndi kudula. Mitengo yapakhungu imatengedwa, yomwe ilipo masamba atatu. Dulani pansi pa mfundo ndikuyiika m'madzi kapena nthaka yonyowa. Ulamuliro wa kutentha m'chipindacho sungakhale wotsika kuposa madigiri 21-22. Mufunika kuyatsa bwino.
Ndikofunikira! Chomera cha ndalama chikhoza kufalikira pogawaniza mphukira zigawo. Pachifukwa ichi, mizu imodzi ya mpweya imayenera.Kagawo kakang'ono kameneka kangapangidwe kazitsulo kake, kamathandiza kuthandizira mwamsanga. Rooting cuttings amapita mwamsanga, nthawi zambiri 1.5-2 milungu. Pa nthawi yomweyo onetsetsani kuti nthawi zonse mumathirira nthaka. Kuyala kumaphatikizapo kusakaniza kosakonzedwa, komwe kuli mchenga, peat, moss ndi tsamba lapansi. Mbewu yachinyamata imathirira, ndipo patapita pafupi mwezi ndi hafu, feteleza yoyamba ikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito kale.
Mitundu ya ndalama
Kutengerapo ndalama ndi mitundu yambiri:
- golide
- chojambula;
- nthenga;
- nkhalango;
- Siamese.
Banki ya golidi
Creeper ya golide ndi mitundu yambiri yambiri mu chikhalidwe. Kukula ngati creeper zokwawa.
Ngati simudula malire, ndiye kuti akhoza kufika kutalika kwa mamita awiri. Dzina limene analandira chifukwa cha mtundu wa golide wa masamba. Chomeracho n'chokongola kwambiri ndipo chimakondedwa ndi ambiri amalima maluwa.
Zithunzi zojambulajambula
Creeper yojambulayi imakhala ndi zimayambira zingapo zomwe zili ndi zida. Masambawa ali oboola, amavala petioles. Ambiri amitundu yambiri yobiriwira, yokhala ndi madontho osakanikirana.
Yang'anani ku chomera ayenera kukhala okonda kukwera zomera. Duwa ndi lolimba komanso lodzichepetsa, choncho silingabweretse mavuto ambiri mutakula. Mphesa wokongola komanso wokonzeka bwino idzapangitsa kuti nyumbayo ikhale yolimba komanso yokongola.
